Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Priscila Pagnotta, Mariana Gantov, Sabrina Fletcher, Antonella Lombardi, Maria Lujan Crosbie, Natalia Santiso, Anabela Ursino, Celeste Frascarolli, Alicia Amato, Ruben Dreszman, Juan Carlos Calvo, Judith Toneatto
Summary: Cancer-associated adipocytes (CAA) can induce white adipocyte browning and increase lipolysis through endocrine/paracrine signaling, thereby altering the tumor microenvironment. This phenomenon may be caused not only by soluble factors secreted by tumor cells, but also by paracrine action from other adipocytes present in this microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Peter W. West, Silvia Bulfone-Paus
Summary: Mast cells exhibit heterogeneity in different tissues and their interactions with immune cells may be regulated by tissue-specific factors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji-Won Noh, Min-Soo Jun, Hee-Kwon Yang, Byung-Cheol Lee
Summary: Berberine has anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects by modulating ATM recruitment and activation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ye-Eun Shin, Ji Won Choi, Yong Il Park, Hye-Kyeong Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a flavone found in plants, on the inflammatory response and insulin resistance induced by the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages. The results showed that 7,8-DHF can counteract the changes induced by this interaction and effectively improve the responsiveness of adipocytes to insulin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Haidong Zhao, Mingli Wu, Xiaoqin Tang, Qi Li, Xiaohua Yi, Wanxia Zhao, Xiuzhu Sun
Summary: This study reveals the metabolic mechanism of subcutaneous adipose tissue in chicks, demonstrates the crucial role of FFA-induced Ccl2 (chicken CCL26) secretion in lipid transportation, and identifies the significant involvement of macrophages in this process.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kai Wang, Yuan-Yuan Wang, Liang-Liang Wu, Li-Yan Jiang, Yin Hu, Xin-Hua Xiao, Ya-Di Wang
Summary: Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease that leads to insulin resistance and related metabolic disorders. The inflammation in adipose tissue is primarily caused by recruited and activated macrophages, which can undergo polarization from an anti-inflammatory state to a pro-inflammatory state in response to signals from the obese microenvironment. Besides adipocytes, the adipose tissue also contains immune cells, stem cells, and vascular, neural, and lymphatic tissues, which together regulate the microenvironment of adipose tissue. Understanding the biology and polarization of adipose tissue macrophages in the obese environment may provide insights for precise immunotherapy of adipose inflammation and obesity-related metabolic diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Seung-Cheol Lee, Yoo-Jung Lee, Inho Choi, Min Kim, Jung-Suk Sung
Summary: The CXCL16/CXCR6 axis in adipocytes regulates M1 or M2 polarization and displays an immunosuppressive effect by modulating pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory pathways.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bing Wu, Meng-meng Xu, Chen Fan, Chun-lan Feng, Qiu-kai Lu, Hui-min Lu, Cai-gui Xiang, Fang Bai, Hao-yu Wang, Yan-wei Wu, Wei Tang
Summary: The study demonstrates that STING inhibitor can alleviate LPS-induced ALI in mice by suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines and interfering with cell adhesion and chemotaxis processes. This suggests that STING might be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of ALI.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Shihab Kochumon, Amal Hasan, Fatema Al-Rashed, Sardar Sindhu, Reeby Thomas, Texy Jacob, Amnah Al-Sayyar, Hossein Arefanian, Ashraf Al Madhoun, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Fawaz Alzaid, Heikki A. Koistinen, Fahd Al-Mulla, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Rasheed Ahmad
Summary: Chronic low-grade inflammation induced by obesity is a central risk factor for the development of metabolic syndrome. This study found that high LDL-c levels were associated with increased expression of adipose IL-23, suggesting that IL-23 may act as an inflammatory biomarker for disease progression in people with high LDL-c.
Article
Immunology
Laura Spinelli, Julia M. Marchingo, Aneela Nomura, Marcos P. Damasio, Doreen A. Cantrell
Summary: The study highlights the pivotal role of PI3K p110 delta in regulating CD8(+) T cell fate by controlling the expression of specific molecules and chemokines. Insights include the inhibition of critical inhibitory receptors and chemokine production in CTL through PI3K p110 delta signaling pathways, demonstrating differences in transcriptional programs between naive and effector T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Li Xie, Shigui Ruan
Summary: In this paper, a homogeneous Neumann initial-boundary value problem for a chemotaxis model with two species and two stimuli, including paracrine and autocrine loops, is considered. The existence of global bounded classical solutions is proved under certain conditions, and an inequality is derived that guarantees the existence of solutions.
COMMUNICATIONS ON PURE AND APPLIED ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Melinda L. Telli, Hiroshi Nagata, Irene Wapnir, Chaitanya R. Acharya, Kaitlin Zablotsky, Bernard A. Fox, Carlo B. Bifulco, Shawn M. Jensen, Carmen Ballesteros-Merino, Mai Hope Le, Robert H. Pierce, Erica Browning, Reneta Hermiz, Lauren Svenson, Donna Bannavong, Kim Jaffe, Jendy Sell, Kellie Malloy Foerter, David A. Canton, Christopher G. Twitty, Takuya Osada, H. Kim Lyerly, Erika J. Crosby
Summary: This study demonstrates that Tavo treatment can enhance the CXCR3 gene expression within tumors, leading to improved antigen presentation, T-cell infiltration, and PD-1/PD-L1 expression, ultimately improving the therapeutic outcomes for patients with TNBC.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Abhirup Shaw, Beata B. Toth, Robert Kiraly, Rini Arianti, Istvan Csomos, Szilard Poliska, Attila Vamos, Ilma R. Korponay-Szabo, Zsolt Bacso, Ferenc Gyory, Laszlo Fesues, Endre Kristof
Summary: Recent studies have shown that irisin can stimulate the release of a novel adipokine, CXCL1, from neck area derived adipocytes via upregulation of the NF kappa B pathway, potentially playing an important role in improving tissue vascularization.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Gerrit Weber, Luisa Strocchio, Francesca Del Bufalo, Mattia Algeri, Daria Pagliara, Claudia Manuela Arnone, Biagio De Angelis, Concetta Quintarelli, Franco Locatelli, Pietro Merli, Ignazio Caruana
Summary: Graft failure in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a complex phenomenon mainly driven by the IFN gamma pathway and involving different components of the immune system. Analysis of serum components identified potential markers for early diagnosis of graft failure. Cytokines and chemokines could serve as possible targets for new therapeutic/preventive strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ksenija Korotkaja, Juris Jansons, Karina Spunde, Zhanna Rudevica, Anna Zajakina
Summary: Reprogramming TAMs is a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, a new 3D model was established to investigate macrophage programming in the presence of cancer cell spheroids. The findings showed that the profile of cytokines, chemokines, and surface markers of 3D-cultured macrophages did not differ conceptually from monolayer-cultured M1 and M2-programmed macrophages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ye (Flora) Wang, Nick Bellissimo, David D. Kitts, Huguette Turgeon O'Brien, W. L. David Ma, Miyoung Suh, Bohdan Luhovyy, Chiara DiAngelo, Laura Pasut, Sandra Marsden, Mei Chung, Anil Gurcan
Summary: The study found that Canadian nutrition-major undergraduates performed better than elective nutrition students in carbohydrate knowledge, but there was no significant difference in sugars-related knowledge. Internet was the main source of nutrition information for students, with a majority coming from online sources with no qualifiers, and a quarter from social media.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
R. Akbari Moghaddam Kakhki, D. W. L. Ma, K. R. Price, J. Moats, N. A. Karrow, E. G. Kiarie
Summary: The study examined the effects of feeding sources of n-3 fatty acids to ISA Brown and Shaver White breeders and their offspring on antibody titres and plasma FA profile. Results showed that feeding breeders FFF increased plasma concentration of antibody titres and n-3 FA, while DMA reduced plasma concentration of Sigma n-6 FA in offspring. Overall, alpha linolenic acid (ALA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) sources demonstrated varied responses regardless of breeder strain.
BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lisa Tang, Julia Broad, Rebecca Lewis, David W. L. Ma, Jess Haines
Summary: This study examined the experiences and strategies of Health Educators as they transitioned from a home-based model to remote delivery during COVID-19. Key learnings included using online video platforms, providing necessary information and technical support, building rapport, and asking probing questions to elicit deeper reflection.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cody A. C. Lust, Xinyan Bi, Christiani Jeyakumar Henry, David W. L. Ma
Summary: The study analyzed individual fatty acid reference ranges in 476 middle-aged Singaporean males and females, finding that females had significantly higher concentrations in four types of fatty acids. Participants with fatty acid concentrations above the 95th percentile also showed high risk levels for triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol, indicating potential cardiovascular disease risk.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cody A. C. Lust, Xinjie Lin, Erin M. Rock, Cheryl L. Limebeer, Linda A. Parker, David W. L. Ma
Summary: This pilot study examined the distribution of cannabinoids in different tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats and found significant differences in concentration. THC was most concentrated in the jejunum and adipose tissue, while the brain had the lowest concentration. The liver contained the highest concentration of THC metabolites. These findings emphasize the need to consider the bioactive effects of cannabinoids in peripheral tissues in future research.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Hannah J. Coyle-Asbil, David W. L. Ma, Lori Ann Vallis
Summary: This study examined the impact of applying an autocalibration algorithm on accelerometer data using different signal processing techniques and how it altered the signal composition. The results showed that calibration correction had a significant effect on ENMO, VM lowpass, and VM data, but minimal impact on VM highpass and bandpass data. When comparing across the techniques, ENMO yielded the lowest outputs, followed by VM highpass/VM bandpass, and then VM lowpass/VM which produced very similar results.
MEASUREMENT IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND EXERCISE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anisha Mahajan, Jess Haines, Alex Carriero, Jaimie L. Hogan, Jessica Yu, Andrea C. Buchholz, Alison M. Duncan, Gerarda Darlington, David W. L. Ma
Summary: There is limited research on the intake of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) among preschool-aged children. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and type of NNS intake in preschool-aged children and found that a portion of the children consumed NNS through foods and beverages, with sources including freezies and oral nutritional supplements.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jamie L. A. Martin, Nadia M. Cartwright, Amber L. Hutchinson, Lindsay E. Robinson, David W. L. Ma, Jennifer M. Monk
Summary: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced from dietary fermentation have metabolic effects in skeletal muscle, but their effect on inflammatory mediator production is unclear. This study found that SCFA have differential effects on inflammatory mediator expression in response to different stimulations, which has implications for their individual impacts on inflammation-mediated skeletal muscle dysfunction.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Flora Zhang, Amar Laila, Ana Carolina Barco Leme, David W. L. Ma, Jess Haines
Summary: This study aimed to explore the knowledge and perceptions of the 2019 Canada's Food Guide (CFG) among children ages 9-12. The findings revealed that children lacked knowledge about certain foods emphasized in the CFG and expressed confusion about food groups. However, they generally had positive perceptions about the CFG and its eating habit recommendations, suggesting strategies to improve adherence to these recommendations.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Noah D. Koblinsky, Krista A. Power, Laura Middleton, Guylaine Ferland, Nicole D. Anderson
Summary: Interest in the gut-brain axis and its implications for neurodegenerative diseases is growing. Microbial imbalances in the gastrointestinal tract are associated with impaired cognition and may represent a therapeutic target for lowering dementia risk. Further research is needed to understand the role of the gut microbiome in diet and exercise effects on cognition in order to optimize lifestyle interventions.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, David W. L. Ma
Summary: There has been increased interest in the health benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in reducing chronic diseases. However, inconsistent findings in the literature call for a review of the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in n-3 PUFA research. Factors such as varying doses and sources of n-3 PUFA, trial duration, and population characteristics may contribute to the inconsistency in the literature.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alyssa V. Ramuscak, Alison M. Duncan, David W. L. Ma, Guelph Family Hlth Study
Summary: This study found that Canadian parents have a general understanding of the recommendations in the 2019 Canada's Food Guide, but lack specific knowledge about the details, such as the names of the food groups and foods containing unhealthy fats.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hannah St John, Eric Doucet, Krista A. Power
Summary: A dysbiotic intestinal microbiome is connected with chronic diseases like obesity, suggesting that targeting the microbiome could be a useful intervention for obesity treatment. Appetite dysregulation and chronic low-grade inflammation, as observed in obesity, are possibly related to the intestinal microbiome and can be potential targets for obesity treatment through the microbiome. Dietary pulses, such as common beans, have ingredients that can modulate the gut microbiota composition and function, improving appetite regulation and chronic inflammation associated with obesity. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the link between the gut microbiome and obesity, appetite regulation, and systemic and adipose tissue inflammation, highlighting the effectiveness of dietary common beans as a means to improve gut microbiota composition and/or function, appetite regulation, and inflammation in both rodents and humans. The results presented here provide insights on the knowledge gaps and further research needed to fully understand the potential of beans as a treatment for obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patricia F. C. Acosta, Olivia A. Landon, Zachary J. Ribau, Jess Haines, David W. L. Ma, Alison M. Duncan, Guelph Family Hlth Study
Summary: This study examined the plant-based food intake in preschool-aged children using the plant-based dietary index (PDI) metrics and found that higher PDI scores were associated with higher intakes of nutrients and food groups to encourage and lower intakes of those to limit. These results can inform dietetic practice for dietary guidance that promotes plant-based foods in children.
Article
Pediatrics
Anisha Mahajan, Jess Haines, Jessica Yu, Gerarda Darlington, Andrea C. Buchholz, Alison M. Duncan, David W. L. Ma
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and total, free, and added sugar intakes in young children. The results showed that child age, child ethnicity, and annual household income played crucial roles in shaping sugar intake in young children. This research provides valuable insights for public health policy and nutrition interventions, emphasizing the need for early behavior interventions to reduce sugar intake in young children while considering sociodemographic factors.