Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin Selles, Anna Moseler, Damien Caubriere, Sheng-Kai Sun, Morgane Ziesel, Tiphaine Dhalleine, Mathilde Heriche, Markus Wirtz, Nicolas Rouhier, Jeremy Couturier
Summary: This study reports the biochemical relationships between two cytosolic proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana, suggesting a potential unknown pathway of sulfur trafficking in plant cells.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hye Kyoung Sung, Mayoorey Murugathasan, Ali A. Abdul-Sater, Gary Sweeney
Summary: Iron overload enhances cytochrome c release from depolarized mitochondria, increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and induces apoptosis and cell death in L6 skeletal muscle cells. Treatment with superoxide dismutase mimetic MnTBAP or mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SKQ1 reduces ROS generation, attenuates iron-induced apoptosis and cell death. Autophagy-deficiency exacerbates iron-induced ROS production and apoptosis in L6 skeletal muscle cells.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lara Vogelsang, Karl-Josef Dietz
Summary: This study investigates the regeneration specificity of thiol-dependent peroxiredoxins and glutathione peroxidase-like enzymes in the cytosol of Arabidopsis thaliana cells. The results demonstrate redundancy and specificity in the redox regulatory network of the cytosol, providing insights into the role of thioredoxins in this process.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Tatsuya Sato, Jason Solomon Shapiro, Hsiang-Chun Chang, Richard A. Miller, Hossein Ardehali
Summary: Iron is essential but its accumulation can be harmful. The study found that iron accumulation mainly occurs in the brain cortex of aged mice, which is associated with increased expression of hepcidin and decreased iron exporter.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele S. Y. Tan, Konstantinos Koussis, Chrislaine Withers-Martinez, Steven A. Howell, James A. Thomas, Fiona Hackett, Ellen Knuepfer, Min Shen, Matthew D. Hall, Ambrosius P. Snijders, Michael J. Blackman
Summary: The study reveals the pathway of malaria parasite egress from host erythrocytes and identifies SERA6 as a target for a new class of antimalarial drugs. Activation of SERA6 involves an autocatalytic step triggered by SUB1 cleavage, which requires interaction with the protein cofactor MSA180 for autoproteolytic maturation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Manuel Luque-Ramirez, Andres E. Ortiz-Flores, Maria Angeles Martinez-Garcia, Maria Insenser, Alejandra Quintero-Tobar, Sara De Lope Quinones, Elena Fernandez-Duran, Maria Lia Nattero-Chavez, Francisco Alvarez-Blasco, Hector Francisco Escobar-Morreale
Summary: Women with functional hyperandrogenism may experience impaired redox status after taking combined oral contraceptives (COC), and scheduled bloodletting to reduce iron stores does not override this impairment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yoko Hirata, Tomohiro Hashimoto, Kaori Ando, Yuji O. Kamatari, Hiroshi Takemori, Kyoji Furuta
Summary: This study identifies the structural features of N,N-dimethylaniline derivatives as potent ferroptosis inhibitors and demonstrates the localization of a specific compound, GIF-2197-r, in lysosomes through its aliphatic tertiary amine moiety.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuel Alejandro Vargas-Vargas, Alfredo Saavedra-Molina, Mariana Gomez-Barroso, Donovan Pena-Montes, Christian Cortes-Rojo, Huerta Miguel, Xochitl Trujillo, Rocio Montoya-Perez
Summary: Iron restriction can reduce oxidative damage, improve muscle function, and lipid profile control in diabetic rats.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Tongwen Huang, Ke Zhang, Junqiao Wang, Kaihong He, Xingtao Zhou, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This study found that quercetin can alleviate the hepatotoxicity caused by acrylamide generated in heat-treated foods. Experiments on mice showed that quercetin can reduce the oxidative stress levels induced by acrylamide and protect the liver from damage. The results demonstrated that quercetin suppressed acrylamide-induced ferroptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress-driven autophagy, leading to the mitigation of liver injury.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Yanan Li, Fanbin Zhan, Fenglin Li, Zhijie Lu, Fei Shi, Zizheng Xu, Youcheng Yang, Lijuan Zhao, Zhendong Qin, Li Lin
Summary: The study reveals the important role of MrcMnSOD in antioxidant defense and antibacterial immune response in M. rosenbergii. Knocking down MrcMnSOD in vivo results in higher mortality rate and more residual bacteria, while an in vitro bacterial agglutination assay showed broad bacterial agglutination capabilities of MrcMnSOD.
Article
Neurosciences
Milena Pinto, Francisca Diaz, Nadee Nissanka, Chelsey S. Guastucci, Placido Illiano, Roberta Brambilla, Carlos T. Moraes
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunctions may not be the cause of amyloid accumulation in Alzheimer's disease. Inducing mitochondrial dysfunction in adult mice neurons resulted in mild oxidative stress but decreased amyloid pathology and altered amyloid precursor protein clearance pathway.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Rafael Quadros Gomes, Natasha Cunha, Everton Luiz Pompeu Varela, Heliton Patrick Cordovil Brigido, Valdicley Vieira Vale, Maria Fani Dolabela, Eliete Pereira de Carvalho, Sandro Percario
Summary: This review addresses the involvement of oxidative stress in malaria and explores the potential benefits of antioxidant supplementation as an adjuvant therapy. Malaria is a serious public health problem worldwide, and understanding its pathophysiology is crucial for eradicating the disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yao Huang, Shufeng Zhao, Hui Liu, Rong Chen, Lei Zhao, Shan Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the presence of siderite can enhance the oxidation rate of aqueous Fe2+ and the generation of .OH radicals, while alleviating the inactivation of MR-1. Experimental results including ROS scavenging and SEM observations confirm that siderite mitigates cell membrane disruption, possibly due to the accelerated oxidation process leading to reduced contact time between Fe2+ and bacterial cells.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sayantani Sinha, Joana Pereira-Reis, Amaliris Guerra, Stefano Rivella, Delfim Duarte
Summary: Iron is essential for maintaining normal hematopoiesis and erythropoiesis, but excessive iron can lead to toxic effects. Recent advances involve understanding key iron regulators and the development of new drugs for hematological disorders. Future studies will need to continue exploring the role of iron in both normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qinjie Liu, Jie Wu, Xufei Zhang, Xiuwen Wu, Yun Zhao, Jianan Ren
Summary: Iron metabolism plays a crucial role in sepsis, impacting disease severity and cell damage. Understanding the mechanisms of iron in sepsis is essential for predicting and treating the disease effectively.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Monalisa Roy, Keyao Li, Madiha Nisar, Lawrence W-Y Wong, Herman H-Y Sung, Richard K. Haynes, Ian D. Williams
Summary: The X-ray structures of three new 1:1 pharmaceutical cocrystals of 11-aza-artemisinin with bromo-substituted salicylic acids are reported, showing variations in their packing arrangements. This study provides insight into the crystal packing efficiency of the cocrystals based on hydrogen bonding interactions.
ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C-STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Francesca Sisto, Simone Carradori, Sarah D'Alessandro, Nadia Santo, Norma Lattuada, Richard K. Haynes, Donatella Taramelli, Rossella Grande
Summary: This study evaluated the in vitro activity of arylaminoartemisinin GC012 against clinical strains of H. pylori with different antibiotic susceptibilities. GC012 showed significantly lower MIC and MBC values compared to DHA, indicating its potential as an effective treatment for H. pylori infection. Combination of GC012 with metronidazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin displayed synergistic interactions. Additionally, GC012 inhibited biofilm formation and showed minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) on mature biofilm. Structural changes in the bacterial membrane were observed for both GC012 and DHA.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Danielle van Staden, Richard K. Haynes, Joe M. Viljoen
Summary: Despite available chemotherapeutic treatment regimens and efforts to develop new drugs for tuberculosis, the disease remains challenging to treat due to the nature of the causative pathogen and drug resistance. The World Health Organization introduced the End-TB initiative to eliminate tuberculosis, but the COVID-19 pandemic has hindered progress. Therefore, there is a need for enhanced scientific understanding, repurposing of drugs, and new treatment methods. This review focuses on utilizing self-double-emulsifying drug delivery systems for topical treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Daniel J. J. Watson, Lizahn Laing, Richard M. M. Beteck, Liezl Gibhard, Richard K. K. Haynes, Lubbe Wiesner
Summary: The emergence of drug-resistant malaria strains has necessitated the development of new combination therapies. In this study, the pharmacokinetics of decoquinate and its derivatives were analyzed, revealing promising activity and ease of preparation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jerome P. L. Ng, Yu Han, Li Jun Yang, Lyn-Marie Birkholtz, Dina Coertzen, Ho Ning Wong, Richard K. Haynes, Paolo Coghi, Vincent Kam Wai Wong
Summary: Artemisinin, a compound derived from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Artemisia annua, is commonly used for malaria treatment. However, the emergence of drug resistance has prompted the search for new drug combinations. This study found that the triterpenoid quinone methide celastrol, isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii, displayed good antimalarial activity in combination with amino-artemisinins. Celastrol also showed synergistic effects against liver cancer cells. However, further modifications are needed to mitigate its toxicity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Crystallography
Keyao Li, Monalisa Roy, Madiha Nisar, Lawrence W-Y Wong, Herman H-Y Sung, Richard K. Haynes, Ian D. Williams
Summary: This study demonstrates the formation of different types of cocrystals using different seeds, while also showing the role of halogen bonds in discriminating between different polymorphic types.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
J. W. Bezuidenhout, M. Aucamp, N. Stieger, W. Liebenberg, R. K. Haynes
Summary: To establish the best processing parameters and storage conditions for nanolipid formulations of artesunate, the thermal stability and solubility profiles of artesunate in aqueous solutions were evaluated at different temperatures and pH levels. The study found that artesunate remained relatively stable at temperatures up to 40°C and 75% relative humidity for 3 months, with approximately 9% decomposition. However, higher temperatures led to significantly greater decomposition and the formation of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and other products. The solubility of artesunate varied with pH, with the highest solubility observed at pH 6.8 (phosphate buffer). Overall, maintaining relatively low temperatures is crucial for the preparation and storage of artesunate formulations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Ribaudo, Xiaoyun Yun, Alberto Ongaro, Erika Oselladore, Jerome P. L. Ng, Richard K. Haynes, Betty Yuen Kwan Law, Maurizio Memo, Vincent Kam Wai Wong, Paolo Coghi, Alessandra Gianoncelli
Summary: By utilizing computational tools, this study identified two potential antimalarial drugs, amodiaquine and methylene blue, as possible PLpro inhibitors. These findings provide a starting point for the development of new PLpro inhibitors.
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY & DRUG DESIGN
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Barend Jacobus Lee, Morne Weyers, Richard Kingston Haynes, Frank van der Kooy
Summary: This article reviews the history of the discovery of artemisinin and the development of combination therapies, as well as the current production techniques and the possibility of producing artemisinin in South Africa. Although artemisinin and its derivatives are widely used for malaria treatment worldwide, the supply is insufficient, especially when used for other diseases. To meet the demand, higher yielding cultivars and novel extraction and purification techniques are needed.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Parasitology
Joachim Mueller, Carling Schlange, Manfred Heller, Anne-Christine Uldry, Sophie Braga-Lagache, Richard K. Haynes, Andrew Hemphill
Summary: Artemisinin and its amino-artemisinin derivatives are potent antimalarials and exhibit different mechanisms of action against Plasmodium and T. gondii. The amino-artemisinins are effective in vitro against non-heme-degrading apicomplexan parasites including T. gondii. However, T. gondii strains readily adapt to increased concentrations of these compounds, resulting in the development of resistant strains.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Danielle van Staden, Richard K. K. Haynes, Joe M. M. Viljoen
Summary: Self-emulsification is a formulation technique that improves oral drug delivery by enhancing solubility and bioavailability. It provides a simplified method for delivering lipophilic drugs by producing emulsions upon moderate agitation and dilution. It is also a promising approach for topical drug delivery, offering simplified production procedures and unlimited upscaling possibilities.
Article
Microbiology
Jessica Ramseier, Dennis Imhof, Kai Pascal Alexander Haenggeli, Nicoleta Anghel, Ghalia Boubaker, Richard M. Beteck, Luis-Miguel Ortega-Mora, Richard K. K. Haynes, Andrew Hemphill
Summary: The effects of decoquinate and three O-quinoline-carbamate-derivatives were investigated on human foreskin fibroblasts infected with Neospora caninum tachyzoites. These compounds exhibited different levels of proliferation inhibition and did not affect cell viability at certain concentrations. Treatment with lower concentrations altered the ultrastructure of the parasite, while long-term treatment with one compound showed parasiticidal effects. These compounds were then tested in a murine model, but did not show activity against neosporosis.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Danielle van Staden, Richard K. Haynes, Joe M. Viljoen
Summary: Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDSs) are lipid-based systems that provide superior drug protection and control over drug concentration profiles, making them a promising option for oral drug delivery. Dermal spontaneous emulsions have also gained interest due to their ability to deliver drugs across mucus membranes and skin layers.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lorencia Taljaard, Richard K. Haynes, Frank van der Kooy
Summary: Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, can be controlled and ultimately eliminated by reducing snail populations and preventing and treating schistosomiasis infections. Novel antischistosomal drugs are needed to address concerns about drug resistance, and the genus Artemisia shows promise due to its effects on both schistosomes and snail vectors. The combination of artemisinin and praziquantel presents a potential treatment option for schistosomiasis.
REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY
(2023)