Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Craig M. Bielski, Barry S. Taylor
Summary: Genomic instability is a characteristic of cancer, but exploiting this feature to selectively target cancer cells remains a major challenge in cancer biology with significant implications for drug development.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Letter
Oncology
Carla Isabelly Rodrigues-Fernandes, Lady Paola Aristizabal Arboleda, Pablo Agustin Vargas, Marcio Ajudarte Lopes, Alan Roger Santos-Silva
Summary: This report describes an uncommon case of verrucous carcinoma in the oral cavity with a unique presentation of proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. It highlights the importance of considering verrucous carcinoma in the differential diagnosis of multiple leukoplakias, especially in elderly patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Lorenza Garribba, Stefano Santaguida
Summary: Proper partitioning of sister chromatids is crucial for maintaining cell stability. Errors in this process can lead to chromosome abnormalities and DNA damage, which can promote tumor growth.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Francesca Marcon, Simona Giunta, Margherita Bignami
Summary: Satellite DNA sequences are a crucial part of centromeres, which are essential for the accurate segregation of chromosomes during cell division. Due to their complex repetitive structure, satellite DNA can hinder DNA replication and other DNA-based processes, potentially leading to chromosome breakage. In recent years, several DNA repair proteins have been found to interact with and function at centromeres, contributing to the maintenance of their structure and function. While the importance of these repair factors has been demonstrated by chromosome aberrations resulting from their inactivation, their roles in satellite DNA replication and repair are still being explored. Recent studies have also linked specific DNA repair factors at centromeres to age-related increase in chromosomal instability under physiological and pathological conditions.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Oncology
Chenxi Li, Yongmei Zhou, Yiwen Deng, Xuemin Shen, Linjun Shi, Wei Liu
Summary: This study established a risk model based on DNA aneuploidy for detecting oral cancer within potentially malignant disorders, showing favorable diagnostic efficacy with improved sensitivity and specificity. The risk model included non-invasive strategies with specific features, providing valuable insights for clinical applications and community practices.
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marianna Trakala, Muskaan Aggarwal, Courtney Sniffen, Lauren Zasadil, Allison Carroll, Duanduan Ma, Xiaofeng A. Su, Darawalee Wangsa, Ashleigh Meyer, Cynthia J. Sieben, Jian Zhong, Pei-hsin Hsu, Glenn Paradis, Thomas Ried, Andrew Holland, Jan Van Deursen, Angelika Amon
Summary: Chromosome gains and losses are common in human cancers, but how they can counteract the effects of aneuploidy remains unclear. Research using mouse models suggests that clonal selection and specific gene properties can drive cancer development.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Tadahide Izumi, Piotr Rychahou, Li Chen, Molly H. Smith, Joseph Valentino
Summary: This study analyzed the CNVs, expression, and clinical outcomes of PRMT5 and APE1 genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. The findings showed that PRMT5 and APE1 share almost identical CNV values in cancer tissues, and their high expression levels are associated with poor survival outcomes after radiation therapy. Simultaneous inhibition of PRMT5 and APE1 increases the sensitivity of OSCC cells to radiation therapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui-Ching Wang, Leong-Perng Chan, Chun-Chieh Wu, Shu-Jyuan Chang, Sin-Hua Moi, Chi-Wen Luo, Mei-Ren Pan
Summary: Most patients with oral squamous cell cancer have a locally advanced stage at diagnosis, with diverse treatment strategies such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, low expression of POLB is associated with advanced tumor stage and poor overall survival in OSCC patients, indicating its potential role in regulating cell growth through cell cycle modulation and chromosomal instability. Studies also suggest that POLB is important in maintaining karyotypic stability in OSCC cells, affecting outcomes and survival rates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Tovini, Sarah C. Johnson, Molly A. Guscott, Alexander M. Andersen, Diana Carolina Johanna Spierings, Rene Wardenaar, Floris Foijer, Sarah E. McClelland
Summary: Cancer cells exhibit persistent chromosomal instability, with different tumor types showing characteristic subsets of aneuploidies. Researchers used dCas9 as a carrier to recruit the kinetochore-nucleating domain of CENP-T protein to ectopically assemble kinetochores near specific genomic loci, resulting in increased chromosome instability and partial aneuploidies of target chromosomes in various cell types. The study also analyzed potential endogenous repeats that could support ectopic kinetochore formation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew N. Clarke, Theodor Marsoner, Manuel Alonso Y. Adell, Madhwesh C. Ravichandran, Christopher S. Campbell
Summary: Both an increased frequency of chromosome missegregation (chromosomal instability, CIN) and the presence of an abnormal complement of chromosomes (aneuploidy) are hallmarks of cancer. We previously studied yeast cells lacking the gene BIR1, a member of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), and found that they quickly adapted to high levels of CIN by acquiring specific combinations of beneficial aneuploidies. In this study, we monitored these yeast strains over a longer period of time and identified suppressor mutations that reduce chromosomal instability but not the negative effects of aneuploidy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Klaske M. Schukken, Yinan Zhu, Petra L. Bakker, Mirjam H. Koster, Liesbeth Harkema, Sameh A. Youssef, Alain de Bruin, Floris Foijer
Summary: This study induced systemic high-grade CIN in adult mice and found that it is most toxic to the high cell turnover intestinal epithelia, causing rapid villous atrophy, atypia, and apoptosis. Despite severe intestinal phenotype, most other tissues are unaffected, except for minor abnormalities in the spleen.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Laura J. Jilderda, Lin Zhou, Floris Foijer
Summary: Chromosomal instability leads to cells with abnormal numbers of chromosomes, which is detrimental during development and in primary cells, but is also a hallmark of cancer cells. It is believed that premalignant cells need to overcome this instability to become tumorigenic, and some aneuploidy-tolerating pathways may be therapeutically beneficial.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Miguel Santibanez-Andrade, Yesennia Sanchez-Perez, Yolanda Chirino, Rocio Morales-Barcenas, Raul Quintana-Belmares, Claudia M. Garcia-Cuellar
Summary: This study found that PM10 regulates SETD2 and SAC components in A549 lung cancer cells, leading to abnormal mitotic process and chromosomal instability.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ana P. Ferragut Cardoso, Alexandra N. Nail, Mayukh Banerjee, Sandra S. Wise, J. Christopher States
Summary: Chronic inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure in drinking water is a global issue affecting over 225 million people, with skin being the major target organ for iAs. Dysregulation of miRNA and chromosomal instability (CIN) are proposed mechanisms of iAs-induced carcinogenesis. This study suggests that overexpression of miR-186 contributes to iAs-induced transformation of keratinocytes by targeting mitotic regulators and inducing CIN.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ana Caruntu, Liliana Moraru, Mihaela Surcel, Adriana Munteanu, Daniel Octavian Costache, Cristiana Tanase, Carolina Constantin, Cristian Scheau, Monica Neagu, Constantin Caruntu
Summary: This study assessed the proportions of different lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and found immune changes associated with the development of OSCC, providing new insights into the complex connections between immuno-inflammatory processes and carcinogenesis.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Daniela Adamo, Elena Calabria, Noemi Coppola, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Michele Giuliani, Maria Eleonora Bizzoca, Lorenzo Azzi, Fabio Croveri, Giuseppe Colella, Ciro Emiliano Boschetti, Lucio Montebugnoli, Davide Gissi, Mario Gabriele, Marco Nisi, Andrea Sardella, Giovanni Lodi, Elena M. Varoni, Amerigo Giudice, Alessandro Antonelli, Marco Cabras, Alessio Gambino, Paolo Vescovi, Alessandra Majorana, Elena Bardellini, Giuseppina Campisi, Vera Panzarella, Spadari Francesco, Sonia Marino, Monica Pentenero, Marco Ardore, Matteo Biasotto, Margherita Gobbo, Luca Guarda Nardini, Umberto Romeo, Gianluca Tenore, Rosario Serpico, Carlo Lajolo, Gioele Gioco, Massimo Aria, Michele Davide Mignogna
Summary: The study analyzed psychological profiles, pain, and oral symptoms in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and found that OLP patients commonly experience mood disorders, higher levels of pain, and poor correspondence between symptoms and oral lesions.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Monica Pentenero, Samuele Sutera, Giovanni Lodi, Jose V. Bagan, Camile S. Farah
Summary: Oral Medicine is a young dental specialty that deals with orofacial conditions not directly related to common tooth pathologies like dental caries or periodontal diseases. Survey data from practitioners in Europe and Australia show that clinical practice in Oral Medicine commonly involves immune-mediated disorders, potentially malignant disorders, oral mucosal infections, and chronic pain disorders, with geographical variabilities.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Daniela Adamo, Elena Calabria, Noemi Coppola, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Michele Giuliani, Lorenzo Azzi, Vittorio Maurino, Giuseppe Colella, Raffaele Rauso, Lucio Montebugnoli, Davide Bartolomeo Gissi, Mario Gabriele, Marco Nisi, Andrea Sardella, Giovanni Lodi, Elena Maria Varoni, Amerigo Giudice, Alessandro Antonelli, Marco Cabras, Alessio Gambino, Paolo Vescovi, Alessandra Majorana, Elena Bardellini, Giuseppina Campisi, Vera Panzarella, Francesco Spadari, Sonia Marino, Monica Pentenero, Samuele Sutera, Matteo Biasotto, Margherita Gobbo, Luca Guarda Nardini, Umberto Romeo, Gianluca Tenore, Rosario Serpico, Alberta Lucchese, Carlo Lajolo, Cosimo Rupe, Massimo Aria, Agostino Gnasso, Michele Davide Mignogna
Summary: The study found that oral lichen planus patients had significantly higher scores in sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and pain compared to the control group. Gender, anxiety, depression, and intensity of pain were identified as independent predictors of poor sleep quality in K-OLPs and nK-OLPs. The validation of PSQI demonstrated good internal consistency and reliability in OLP patients.
JOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Monica Pentenero, Lorenzo Azzi, Giovanni Lodi, Maddalena Manfredi, Elena Varoni
Summary: This systematic review aimed to assess whether chronic mechanical trauma can be considered a risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The study found that there is currently not enough evidence to support the role of trauma in oral carcinogenesis and more prospective cohort studies are needed to better assess the relationship between trauma and OSCC.
Article
Immunology
Mariangela Rutigliani, Matteo Bozzo, Andrea Barberis, Marco Greppi, Emanuela Anelli, Luca Castellaro, Alessandro Bonsignore, Antonio Azzinnaro, Silvia Pesce, Marco Filauro, Gian Andrea Rollandi, Patrizio Castagnola, Simona Candiani, Emanuela Marcenaro
Summary: We present a case of inflammatory colitis resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection, leading to the death of a patient with no additional co-morbidity within three weeks of hospitalization. Our findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause immunological alterations, with increased expression of the inhibitory checkpoint PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 in inflamed mucosal tissue. The presence of the virus in colon tissue was confirmed, and the altered expression of PD-1/PD-L1 indicates a potential link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and an aberrant autoinflammatory response, contributing to early mortality.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Monica Pentenero, Lorenzo Azzi, Giovanni Lodi, Maddalena Manfredi, Elena Maria Varoni
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Daniela Adamo, Elena Calabria, Federica Canfora, Noemi Coppola, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Francesca Spirito, Michele Giuliani, Lorenzo Azzi, Vittorio Maurino, Giuseppe Colella, Chiara Colella, Lucio Montebugnoli, Davide Bartolomeo Gissi, Mario Gabriele, Marco Nisi, Andrea Sardella, Giovanni Lodi, Elena Maria Varoni, Amerigo Giudice, Alessandro Antonelli, Paolo Giacomo Arduino, Alessio Gambino, Paolo Vescovi, Alessandra Majorana, Elena Bardellini, Giuseppina Campisi, Vera Panzarella, Francesco Spadari, Umberto Garagiola, Monica Pentenero, Samuele Sutera, Matteo Biasotto, Giulia Ottaviani, Margherita Gobbo, Luca Guarda Nardini, Umberto Romeo, Gianluca Tenore, Rosario Serpico, Alberta Lucchese, Carlo Lajolo, Cosimo Rupe, Massimo Aria, Luca D'Aniello, Michele Davide Mignogna
Summary: The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in clinical, psychological profile, and symptoms between OLP patients in the North and Central-South of Italy. The results showed that pain and mood disorders are predominant in OLP patients in the Central-South of Italy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maurizio Viale, Giovanni Lentini, Rosaria Gangemi, Patrizio Castagnola, Gualtiero Milani, Silvia Ravera, Nadia Bertola, Antonio Carrieri, Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi
Summary: This study investigated the potential of the anti-ischemic drug Lube S as an enhancer of anticancer chemotherapy. The results showed that Lube S can effectively improve the antitumor activity of doxorubicin through various mechanisms, including the inhibition of MDR1 gene expression and increased accumulation of doxorubicin in resistant cells.
Article
Oncology
Elia Bari, Francesca Ferrera, Tiziana Altosole, Sara Perteghella, Pierluigi Mauri, Rossana Rossi, Giulia Passignani, Luca Mastracci, Martina Galati, Giuseppina Iliana Astone, Maddalena Mastrogiacomo, Patrizio Castagnola, Daniela Fenoglio, Dario Di Silvestre, Maria Luisa Torre, Gilberto Filaci
Summary: By using silk fibroin nanoparticles as carriers, researchers found that they can promote the uptake of non-tumor antigens by tumor cells, thus generating an immune response against the tumor, which can enhance the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Adriana Agnese Amaro, Rosaria Gangemi, Laura Emionite, Patrizio Castagnola, Gilberto Filaci, Martine. J. J. Jager, Enrica Teresa Tanda, Francesco Spagnolo, Matteo Mascherini, Ulrich Pfeffer, Michela Croce
Summary: It has been found that driver mutations GNAQ and GNA11 activate MAP kinase and YAP/TAZ pathways, and MEK inhibitors do not effectively block UM progression. Combined treatment of trametinib and different drugs targeting YAP/TAZ can overcome resistance. The combined treatment of trametinib and cerivastatin can inhibit the growth of BAP1 mutated and chromosome 3 monosomic uveal melanoma cell lines in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuele Sutera, Daniela Francesca Giachino, Alessandra Pelle, Roberta Zuntini, Monica Pentenero
Summary: PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) is a group of disorders caused by mutations of the PTEN gene, resulting in the development of non-cancerous growths called hamartomas in various parts of the body, including the oral mucosa. PHTS is also associated with an increased risk of malignancies, as PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene that inhibits the progression of several cancers. This study identifies patients with gingival or mucosal enlargements, which led to the diagnosis of PHTS associated with novel PTEN pathogenic variants.
Article
Biology
Wei Wang, Elena Di Nisio, Valerio Licursi, Emanuele Cacci, Giuseppe Lupo, Zaal Kokaia, Sergio Galanti, Paolo Degan, Sara D'Angelo, Patrizio Castagnola, Sara Tavella, Rodolfo Negri
Summary: The study found that exposure to simulated microgravity induced significant morphological and gene expression changes in human neural stem progenitor cells cultured at low-cell-density, but these effects were much less prominent in cultures with high-cell-density. Additionally, genes modulated by reduced gravity also showed similar changes in cells grown without laminin in non-adherent culture conditions under normal gravity.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Monica Pentenero, Patrizio Castagnola, Faride Victoria Castillo, Elena Isaevska, Samuele Sutera, Sergio Gandolfo
Summary: This prospective observational study examined the factors associated with malignant transformation in localized oral leukoplakia (OL) and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL). Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, histology, and DNA ploidy status were collected. The presence of OED, DNA ploidy, clinical presentation, and lesion site were found to be associated with malignant transformation in patients with OL, while none of these predictors were associated with PVL. The study suggests that DNA ploidy may be able to identify a subset of OL with low or minimal risk of malignant transformation, but it is not a reliable predictor in PVL patients.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Daniela Adamo, Elena Calabria, Federica Canfora, Noemi Coppola, Stefania Leuci, Martina Mignogna, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Francesca Spirito, Michele Giuliani, Lorenzo Azzi, Marta Dani, Giuseppe Colella, Chiara Colella, Lucio Montebugnoli, Davide Bartolomeo Gissi, Mario Gabriele, Marco Nisi, Andrea Sardella, Giovanni Lodi, Elena Maria Varoni, Amerigo Giudice, Alessandro Antonelli, Alessio Gambino, Giuliana Antonucci, Paolo Vescovi, Marco Meleti, Alessandra Majorana, Elena Bardellini, Giuseppina Campisi, Vera Panzarella, Francesco Spadari, Umberto Garagiola, Monica Pentenero, Samuele Sutera, Matteo Biasotto, Giulia Ottaviani, Margherita Gobbo, Luca Guarda Nardini, Umberto Romeo, Gianluca Tenore, Rosario Serpico, Alberta Lucchese, Carlo Lajolo, Gioele Gioco, Massimo Aria, Luca D'Aniello, Michele Davide Mignogna
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with keratotic reticular, papular, and/or plaque-like lesions (K-OLP) and analyze potential predictors affecting mental health. The results showed that K-OLP patients had higher scores on various scales compared to the healthy control group, indicating poorer mental health.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lara Calcagno, Maria M. Ciriello, Monica Maccarini, Massimo Mogni, Massimo Maffei, Giuseppina Barberio, Sauro Maoggi, Domenico Coviello, Giovanni Ivaldi
Summary: We report a novel mutation in the beta-globin gene of a Sicilian woman living in Italy, resulting in a hemoglobin variant. The mutation does not affect the patient's clinical presentation and erythrocyte parameters.
