Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Istvan Taisz, Erika Dona, Daniel Munch, Shanice N. Bailey, Billy J. Morris, Kimberly I. Meechan, Katie M. Stevens, Irene Varela-Martinez, Marina Gkantia, Philipp Schlegel, Carlos Ribeiro, Gregory S. X. E. Jefferis, Dana S. Galili
Summary: In Drosophila, a specific olfactory channel processes male pheromones, promoting female courtship and repelling males. The processing streams extract qualitative and positional information, with sensory neurons and projection neurons encoding concentration differences and angular positions of males. The third circuit layer consists of 47 cell types with diverse input-output connectivity, enabling behavioral responses in specific ethological contexts through multisensory integration.
Article
Immunology
Zhenjie Ma, Weihao Li, Liujing Zhuang, Tieqiao Wen, Ping Wang, Hongmeng Yu, Yongliang Liu, Yiqun Yu
Summary: In this study, TMEM59 is identified as a critical regulator in maintaining and regenerating the olfactory epithelium. TMEM59 deletion leads to transcriptional changes, affecting genes associated with olfactory transduction and inflammatory/immune response. Loss of TMEM59 impairs olfactory functions, decreases proliferation, and promotes infiltration of inflammatory cells. TMEM59 also plays a role in the regeneration of the olfactory epithelium, with reduced proliferative cells and sensory neurons. Anti-inflammatory treatment can recover neuronal generation and olfactory functions, suggesting a potential therapy for olfactory dysfunction associated with inflammation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kelsey E. Zuk, Hillary L. Cansler, Jinxin Wang, Julian P. Meeks
Summary: The accessory olfactory system (AOS) is crucial for social behavior development. In male and female mice, the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) displays plasticity in response to social experience. Internal granule cells (IGCs) in the AOB express the immediate-early gene Arc after aggression or mating. This study investigates the role of Arc-expressing IGCs in the processing of territorial aggression. Results show that these IGCs become more excitable after resident-intruder interactions and play a significant role in ramping aggression exhibited by resident male mice.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mona Khan, Seung-Jun Yoo, Marnick Clijsters, Wout Backaert, Arno Vanstapel, Kato Speleman, Charlotte Lietaer, Sumin Choi, Tyler D. Hether, Lukas Marcelis, Andrew Nam, Liuliu Pan, Jason W. Reeves, Pauline Van Bulck, Hai Zhou, Marc Bourgeois, Yves Debaveye, Paul De Munter, Jan Gunst, Mark Jorissen, Katrien Lagrou, Natalie Lorent, Arne Neyrinck, Marijke Peetermans, Dietmar Rudolf Thal, Christophe Vandenbriele, Joost Wauters, Peter Mombaerts, Laura Van Gerven
Summary: Anosmia, the loss of smell, is a common symptom of COVID-19, but it is caused by the virus attacking sustentacular cells in the olfactory mucosa rather than infecting olfactory sensory neurons. This suggests that SARS-CoV-2 is not a neurotropic virus.
Article
Neurosciences
Rebeca Hernandez-Soto, Ana Karen Pimentel-Farfan, Elva Adan-Castro, Carmen Clapp, Fernando Pena-Ortega
Summary: Prolonged passive olfactory experience induces a profound reconfiguration of the main olfactory bulb (MOB), leading to increased activated glomerular area and signal intensity, refined glomerular maps, and changes in MOB population activity. These changes are associated with increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and improved innate olfactory responses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Kazuhiro Omura, Bing Han, Hironobu Nishijima, Satoshi Aoki, Teru Ebihara, Kenji Kondo, Nobuyoshi Otori, Hiromi Kojima, Tatsuya Yamasoba, Shu Kikuta
Summary: The study revealed that the distribution and differentiation degree of mature olfactory sensory neurons are heterogeneous throughout the olfactory epithelium. Resection of the anterior or superior superior turbinate potentially damages olfactory function, while resection of the inferior or posterior superior turbinate or widening of the superior meatus is a safer alternative that does not damage mature olfactory sensory neurons or alter airflow to the olfactory cleft.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Wenwen Ren, Li Wang, Xiujuan Zhang, Xiaoyu Feng, Liujing Zhuang, Nan Jiang, Rui Xu, Xuewen Li, Ping Wang, Xicai Sun, Hongmeng Yu, Yiqun Yu
Summary: Research suggests that olfactory stem cells may be a promising tool for replacing inactive globose basal cells and generating sensory neurons, potentially providing a new source for cell replacement-based therapy against smell loss.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Allison D. Oliva, Rupali Gupta, Khalil Issa, Ralph Abi Hachem, David W. Jang, Sebastian A. Wellford, E. Ashley Moseman, Hiroaki Matsunami, Bradley J. Goldstein
Summary: This study identified inflammation-associated changes in the olfactory epithelium (OE) stem cells of presbyosmic patients, suggesting that these changes may contribute to olfactory loss by disrupting normal epithelial homeostasis. The findings suggest that OE stem cells could be a therapeutic target for restoring olfaction.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Amanda J. Barabas, Stephanie R. Dijak, Jane F. Yatcilla, Danielle N. Walker, Brianna N. Gaskill
Summary: Many species use olfaction as a primary form of communication, and odor signals could be a useful tool to improve captive animal welfare. However, existing literature on the effects of mammalian odors on non-reproductive social behavior is limited in quality, with a focus on urine treatments in sexually mature male rodents and their effects on aggression.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Rebeca Hernandez-Soto, Benjamin Villasana-Salazar, Laura Pinedo-Vargas, Fernando Pena-Ortega
Summary: The study found that exposure to CIH altered MOB network activity and response to odors in mice, leading to olfactory impairment. These changes suggest that CIH may be one of the reasons for olfactory problems in patients with OSA.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Xiaobing Huang, Meng Chen, Xiaolian Liu, Isaac Kofi Mensah
Summary: Social interactions have a positive impact on household entrepreneurship, especially when financial constraints are relaxed, and women are more motivated by social interactions to engage in entrepreneurship compared to men.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shani Haskal de la Zerda, Shai Netser, Hen Magalnik, Mayan Briller, Dan Marzan, Sigal Glatt, Yasmin Abergel, Shlomo Wagner
Summary: This study demonstrates that social recognition in rodents relies on the integration of olfactory, auditory, and somatosensory cues, requiring active behavior in response to social stimuli. Impairment of olfactory, somatosensory, or auditory systems prevents behavioral recognition of familiar stimuli.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Suzanne Macari, Anna Milgramm, Jessa Reed, Frederick Shic, Kelly K. Powell, Deanna Macris, Katarzyna Chawarska
Summary: Infants at high familial risk for ASD show reduced attention to faces during face-to-face interactions in specific contexts, which may serve as a potential early behavioral marker for ASD. This attentional difference is most pronounced in the Dyadic Bid and Tickle conditions and is correlated with the severity of autism symptoms at 18 months.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Masataka Narukawa, Yuko Mori, Riko Nishida, Suzuka Takahashi, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C. Saido, Takumi Misaka
Summary: Using an AD mouse model with an App gene knock-in, researchers investigated the expression of olfactory-related genes in olfactory impairment caused by AD. The study found that the olfactory behavior changed in the mice with App knock-in, but there was no significant difference in mRNA expression levels of olfactory-related genes between wild-type and App-KI mice. Furthermore, amyloid-beta deposition was observed throughout the olfactory pathway in App-KI mice, suggesting that the impairment of the olfactory pathway might contribute to the change in olfactory behavior.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qiang Sheng, Dongyang Wan, Boya Yu
Summary: The study investigated the associations between space configurational attributes and social interactions in urban parks using space syntax theory. It found that space type, scale factors, and configurational attributes have a strong joint effect on social interaction behaviors. Personal interaction group accounted for 23% of total observed people, while social interaction group accounted for 77%. Pathway length, zone area, and NACH-10K were positively associated with the number of people involved in personal interactions, while space scale and depth to main city road had influence on social interaction intensity.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.