Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alexandre Aubry, Beatrice Bourdin
Summary: Intellectually gifted children outperformed intellectually average children in terms of accuracy in processing tasks and specifically excelled in executive control. This suggests that intellectually gifted children have better ability to focus and solve simple perceptual conflicts compared to intellectually average children.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Arianna N. LaCroix, McKayla Tully, Corianne Rogalsky
Summary: This study used the ANT to quantify three subtypes of attention in PWA and controls, finding significant differences in attention between the two groups, particularly in orienting attention. The study also observed a relationship between orienting and executive control in the aphasia group.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael K. Yeung
Summary: The study examined the neurocognitive effects of threatening facial expressions on three attention processes using the emotional Attention Network Test (ANT) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Results showed that threatening facial cues had different effects on the alerting, orienting, and executive control processes, particularly in the context of conflict. This study provides essential insights into the impact of various attributes of threatening faces on attention.
Article
Psychology, Applied
Daniel O. A. Gunnell, Melina A. Kunar, Rhiannon H. Richards, Derrick G. Watson
Summary: Previous research has shown that talking on a mobile phone impairs visual attention. This study investigated how phone conversations affect different attentional networks. The findings suggest that holding a conversation delays response time and reduces the amount of information that can be processed, particularly in the executive attentional network.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jeannette R. Mahoney, Joe Verghese, Claudene George
Summary: This study explores the impact of diabetes on multisensory integration and mobility in older adults, finding that diabetes is associated with reduced visual-somatosensory integration and negatively affects balance and gait. The results provide evidence of the adverse effect of diabetes on both multisensory and motor functioning in older adults.
Article
Neurosciences
James K. Moran, Julian Keil, Alexander Masurovsky, Stefan Gutwinski, Christiane Montag, Daniel Senkowski
Summary: This study found that patients with schizophrenia showed reduced intersensory attention effects for unisensory stimuli compared to healthy controls, but not for bisensory stimuli. At the neural level, schizophrenia patients exhibited decreased intersensory attention effects for bisensory stimuli. However, there were no significant differences between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls in terms of multisensory integration.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Jakub Limanowski
Summary: This paper evaluates how the flexibility of the brain's 'body model' is enhanced through 'top-down' sensory processing for adapting to novel visual feedback.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Yingnan Wu, Min Gao, Xueli Wang, Xiaoyu Tang
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between spatial attention and multisensory integration (MSI) through two experiments. The results showed that exogenous orienting, induced by cue directionality, decreased MSI, while endogenous orienting, induced by cue predictability, enhanced MSI. The study discussed the role of spatial orienting and spatial attention bias in modulating MSI processes.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Rodolfo Solis-Vivanco, Ole Jensen, Mathilde Bonnefond
Summary: The study found that in a bimodal attention task, the neuronal dynamics between the VAN and DAN mainly occur in the 12-20Hz frequency range, with the suppression of VAN aiding in better task performance. Furthermore, a power decrease and enhanced synchronization in both VAN and DAN were observed when multisensory integration enhanced attention involuntarily.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ivett E. Ortega-Mora, Ulises Caballero-Sanchez, Talia Roman-Lopez, Cintia B. Rosas-Escobar, Monica Mendez-Diaz, Oscar E. Prospero-Garcia, Alejandra E. Ruiz-Contreras
Summary: The study found that cannabis use enhances the alerting system but decreases the efficiency of the orienting system, and these effects appear to be associated with cannabis dependence. The age of onset of cannabis use significantly predicts the efficiency of the orienting and executive control systems.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Samuel A. Jones, Uta Noppeney
Summary: The processing of multisensory signals changes with age. Older adults often benefit as much as younger individuals from congruent multisensory stimuli, but are more negatively impacted by intersensory conflict.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hame Park, Julia Nannt, Christoph Kayser
Summary: As humans age, the way they exploit multisensory information for decision-making changes, attributed to factors such as reduced precision in peripheral sensory representations, changes in cognitive inference, and declines in memory. Research shows that biases in audio-visual integration differ between young and older adults, with age-related changes in ventriloquism bias being linked to decline in spatial hearing rather than cognitive processes. These findings suggest a shift from sensory-driven to behavior-driven influence of past multisensory experiences on perceptual decisions with age.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alexandra Begau, Laura-Isabelle Klatt, Edmund Wascher, Daniel Schneider, Stephan Getzmann
Summary: The study found that meaningful visual information in a multi-talker setting is beneficial for both younger and older adults in speech comprehension, especially when presented from the expected location.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Federico, Michela Mellone, Ferida Volpi, Margherita Orsolini
Summary: Researchers have long suggested a bilingual cognitive advantage, especially in tasks involving executive functions. However, recent studies have questioned this assumption, leading to conflicting data. This study compared the performance of bilingual and monolingual children on attentional and cognitive tasks and found that bilingualism and socioeconomic status influenced attentional networks, especially in tasks involving social stimuli. These findings suggest that social contexts primarily affect attentional functions.
Article
Neurosciences
Luuk P. H. van de Rijt, A. John van Opstal, Marc M. van Wanrooij
Summary: Our study demonstrates that in divided-attention tasks, unisensory speech listening and reading are negatively impacted for CI users, while this effect does not apply to normal-hearing individuals.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jeannette R. Mahoney, Joe Verghese
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sydney Jacobs, Roee Holtzer
Summary: The study found that individual personality traits and gender are important factors influencing changes in perceived social support among older adults, with males high in neuroticism and females low in extraversion more likely to experience declines in social support.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jennifer Lee, Roee Holtzer
Summary: The study revealed independent negative associations of apathy and depressive symptoms with perceived social support in older adults, indicating the importance of addressing both types of symptoms in maintaining social support for healthy aging.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Roee Holtzer, Meltem Izzetoglu
Article
Neurosciences
Brenda R. Malcolm, John J. Foxe, Sonja Joshi, Joe Verghese, Jeannette R. Mahoney, Sophie Molholm, Pierfilippo De Sanctis
Summary: Behavioral findings indicate that aging affects cortical sensorimotor mechanisms involved in postural control, with older adults showing increased sway in challenging balance tasks. Neuro-oscillatory modulations were observed in midfrontal and parietal regions, with younger adults exhibiting more pronounced changes in theta spectral power during tandem stance. Older adults displayed widespread mu and beta suppression as demands on postural control increased, particularly during tandem stance, highlighting potential early cortical correlates of balance impairments.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Jasmine C. Menant, Inbal Maidan, Lisa Alcock, Emad Al-Yahya, Antonio Cerasa, David J. Clark, Eling D. de Bruin, Sarah Fraser, Vera Gramigna, Dennis Hamacher, Fabian Herold, Roee Holtzer, Meltem Izzetoglu, Shannon Lim, Annette Pantall, Paulo Pelicioni, Sue Peters, Andrea L. Rosso, Rebecca St George, Samuel Stuart, Roberta Vasta, Rodrigo Vitorio, Anat Mirelman
Article
Anesthesiology
Hannah Pakray, Elizabeth Seng, Meltem Izzetoglu, Roee Holtzer
Summary: This study examined the effects of subjective pain on brain function in healthy older adults during cognitive and walking tasks. The results showed that pain influenced changes in oxygenated hemoglobin, but did not impact behavioral outcomes.
Review
Neurosciences
Alka Bishnoi, Roee Holtzer, Manuel E. Hernandez
Summary: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a useful tool for monitoring brain activation changes in adults with neurological disorders during walking. When combined with dual task walking paradigms, fNIRS can detect changes in brain activation when individuals perform multiple tasks concurrently. However, differences in task paradigms and baseline measures can lead to uncertainty in interpreting the results. Overall, older adults with neurological disorders show increased brain activation during dual task walking, indicating greater attentional demands and potentially increased fall risk and mobility impairments.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rebecca Kraut, Roee Holtzer
Summary: The study found that recurrent fear of falling (FOF) is a risk factor for cognitive decline in community-residing older adults, while single-report FOF does not have a significant impact.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Catherine O'Brien, Roee Holtzer
Summary: This study examined the role of cognitive reserve in predicting mobility impairments among older adults. The findings showed significant interaction effects of cognitive reserve with walking velocity, where slower gait predicted increased risk of incident mobility impairment among individuals with lower cognitive reserve. This highlights the critical role of cognitive reserve in identifying older adults at risk of developing mobility impairments.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Daliah Ross, Mark E. Wagshul, Meltem Izzetoglu, Roee Holtzer
Summary: This study found that thinner cortical thickness in specific brain regions involved in walking control was associated with increased oxygenated hemoglobin levels in the prefrontal cortex during dual-task walking. Thinner cortex indicated higher neural resource utilization without behavioral performance benefits.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Roee Holtzer, Daliah Ross, Catherine O'Brien, Meltem Izzetoglu, Mark E. Wagshul
Summary: The study demonstrated that higher cognitive reserve was associated with better neural efficiency in walking among older adults.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Joe Verghese, Jeannette R. Mahoney, Emmeline Ayers, Anne Ambrose, Cuiling Wang, Roee Holtzer
Summary: The study aimed to improve walking in older adults aged 70 years and older through a computerised cognitive remediation programme, but the results showed no significant difference in walking speed and walking while talking conditions between the intervention group and the control group. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal dose, frequency, intensity, and content of computerised cognitive remediation programmes.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sydney Jacobs, Giulia Mercuri, Roee Holtzer
Summary: This study found that greater word production in semantic fluency across all time intervals predicted a reduced risk of incident MCI, while for letter fluency, greater word production only within the third time interval was significantly associated with reduced risk of incident MCI. The clinical use of within-interval performance is supported due to evidence of predictive sensitivity and ease of administration.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Giulia Mercuri, Roee Holtzer
Summary: The study found a positive association between openness and attention/executive functions in healthy older adults, but not with verbal memory. Additionally, cognitive stimulating activities partially mediated the relationship between openness and attention/executive functions, but not with verbal memory.
ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.