Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea E. Toth, Hans C. Helms, Andras Harazin, Kasper B. Johnsen, Charlotte Goldeman, Annette Burkhart, Maj S. Thomsen, Paul J. Kempen, Adrian Klepe, Dora V. Lipka, Peter L. Moller, Thomas L. Andresen, Mette Nyegaard, Torben Moos, Birger Brodin, Morten S. Nielsen
Summary: Sortilin acts as a crucial regulatory protein for maintaining the tightness of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Lack of sortilin results in BBB leakage, potentially due to alterations in signalling pathways, leading to compromised connections between brain endothelial cells.
Review
Neurosciences
Natalie Hudson, Matthew Campbell
Summary: The homeostatic balance of the brain and retina is maintained by the blood-brain and inner blood-retinal barrier, which are specialized barriers formed by interconnected endothelial cells with tight junctions. Disruption of the tight junction complex can lead to detrimental effects on brain and retinal pathology by allowing harmful substances to enter neural tissues.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ningbo Cai, Bingtian Xu, Xing Li, Yunyun Qin, Mengfan Li, Kechun Chen, Jiangping Xu, Haitao Wang
Summary: PDE4 inhibitor Roflumilast protects against neuronal damage caused by immune ischemia and activates Notch1/Hes1 signaling, leading to increased expression of TJ and AJ proteins and maintenance of blood-brain barrier integrity. Roflu also improves neurobehavioral outcomes and ameliorates BBB disruption in rats.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fionn O'Leary, Matthew Campbell
Summary: The blood-retina barrier (BRB) separates the systemic circulation from the retina, consisting of the inner blood-retina barrier (iBRB) and the outer blood-retina barrier (oBRB). The integrity of the BRB is crucial for maintaining the function and structural integrity of the retina. Tight junction proteins play a key role in the iBRB, and disruption of the BRB can lead to retinal diseases.
Review
Immunology
Brandon C. Smith, Rachel A. Tinkey, Benjamin C. Shaw, Jessica L. Williams
Summary: The blood-brain barrier is a barrier with selective permeability that separates the periphery from the central nervous system. The neurovascular unit, consisting of multiple cells, regulates the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Understanding the contributions of each member of the neurovascular unit can lead to novel methods for delivering neurotherapies to the central nervous system.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruicheng Yang, Jundan Wang, Fen Wang, Huipeng Zhang, Chen Tan, Huanchun Chen, Xiangru Wang
Summary: Despite advances in treatment, bacterial meningitis remains a serious infection that poses a risk to life. The blood-brain barrier plays an important role in the pathogenesis of bacterial meningitis through increased permeability. Recent studies have shown that targeting the factors contributing to enhanced blood-brain barrier permeability is an effective complement to antimicrobial therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yunfei Li, Yifan Xia, Huixiang Zhu, Eric Luu, Guangyao Huang, Yan Sun, Kevin Sun, Sander Markx, Kam W. Leong, Bin Xu, Bingmei M. Fu
Summary: The integrity of the blood-brain barrier is compromised in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome associated with schizophrenia, leading to increased solute permeability, decreased trans-endothelial electrical resistance, and disruption of tight junction proteins and endothelial glycocalyx.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Erika Wakayama, Taiki Kuzu, Keisuke Tachibana, Ryuichi Hirayama, Yoshiaki Okada, Masuo Kondoh
Summary: The blood-brain barrier poses a challenge to drug delivery to the central nervous system. Among the components of the tight junctions in the blood-brain barrier, claudin-5 has been studied extensively as a target for enhancing drug permeation into the brain. However, sustained knockdown of claudin-5 is lethal in mice and administration of an anti-claudin-5 antibody can cause convulsions in nonhuman primates.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Esther Sasson, Shira Anzi, Batia Bell, Oren Yakovian, Meshi Zorsky, Urban Deutsch, Britta Engelhardt, Eilon Sherman, Gad Vatine, Ron Dzikowski, Ayal Ben-Zvi
Summary: Through super-resolution microscopy, new structural and functional properties of BBB TJs were revealed, showing a compacting arrangement of claudin-5 proteins during mouse development. The clustering of ZO1 was found to be independent of claudin-5 in vivo, and contrary to previous knowledge, total levels of claudin-5 were inversely correlated with TJ functionality in the developmental context.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atul K. Srivastava, Bharat Somireddy Venkata, Yan Y. Sweat, Heather R. Rizzo, Lea Jean-Francois, Li Zuo, Kathleen W. Kurgan, Patrick Moore, Nitesh Shashikanth, Izabela Smok, Joseph R. Sachleben, Jerrold R. Turner, Stephen C. Meredith
Summary: This study investigates the effects of S408 phosphorylation on occludin protein structure and demonstrates its role in regulating intercellular junction function through interactions with other components.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chun Li, Weining Ma, Yajuan Zhao, Hua Wang
Summary: The study observed changes in the expression of EMAP II, as well as the numbers and tight junction protein levels of microvascular endothelial cells in the hippocampus of rats with pilocarpine-induced SE. The results showed that SE led to an upregulation of EMAP II expression, which may promote angiogenesis and alter the tight junction integrity of brain microvascular endothelial cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian Yue, Xinhua Zhou, Zaijun Zhang, Maggie Pui Man Hoi
Summary: The study found that murine sA beta (1-42) oligomers had moderate toxicity on an endothelial and astrocyte co-culture, leading to endothelial barrier disruptions induced by deleterious soluble factors released from astrocytes which disrupted endothelial VEGFR2 signaling and perturbed cell survival and barrier stabilization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chelsea M. Phillips, Allison M. Johnson, Svetlana M. Stamatovic, Richard F. Keep, Anuska V. Andjelkovic
Summary: This study reveals that the absence of CCM3 leads to structural defects in the brain endothelial barrier, increasing the risk of vascular leakage. The upregulation of GJA1-20 k is found to disrupt the balance between gap junctions and tight junctions, destabilizing the tight junction complex and increasing brain endothelial barrier permeability.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xin Wang, Jia-ying Yu, Yan Sun, Heng Wang, Hu Shan, Shubai Wang
Summary: Baicalin, a bioactive extract from Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative functions, and its preventive protection can improve cell apoptosis and Fluorescein sodium infiltration in the brain tissue. Baicalin can also inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines production, up-regulate Claudin-5 and ZO-1 protein expression, reduce ROS and MDA production, promote SOD production, and activate Nrf2-mediated antioxidant stress pathway to protect blood-brain barrier damage.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoqing Li, Vamsidhara Vemireddy, Qi Cai, Hejian Xiong, Peiyuan Kang, Xiuying Li, Monica Giannotta, Heather N. Hayenga, Edward Pan, Shashank R. Sirsi, Celine Mateo, David Kleinfeld, Chris Greene, Matthew Campbell, Elisabetta Dejana, Robert Bachoo, Zhenpeng Qin
Summary: The study successfully synthesized gold nanoparticles for increasing blood-brain barrier permeability, demonstrating that transcranial picosecond laser stimulation can regulate BBB permeability, enabling drug delivery without disrupting the structure of the neurovascular unit.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.