Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mandy V. V. Bartsch, Christian Merkel, Hendrik Strumpf, Mircea A. Schoenfeld, John K. Tsotsos, Jens-Max Hopf
Summary: This study analyzes the spatiotemporal dynamics of neuromagnetic activity in the human visual cortex during focus shifts. The findings suggest that large focus shifts elicit activity modulations starting from higher hierarchical levels and progressing to lower levels, while smaller shifts start at lower levels. Successive shifts involve backward progressions through the hierarchy. The study concludes that covert focus shifts arise from a cortical coarse-to-fine process, which improves spatial resolution and resolves coding issues.
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Joanita F. D'Souza, Nicholas S. C. Price, Maureen A. Hagan
Summary: Visual neuroscientists have utilized technology, methodology, and models to gain insights into the structure and function of individual brain areas, but complex cognitive functions in the brain arise from networks of multiple interacting cortical areas. Key regions in the frontal-parietal network, such as the frontal eye fields and lateral intraparietal area, have been associated with functions like oculomotor control and decision-making, with strong anatomical connections between them. The common marmoset is proposed as an ideal model for studying how anatomical connections contribute to complex cognitive visual behaviors, due to its cortical network homology with humans and macaques, transgenic technology compatibility, and lissencephalic brain structure allowing for advanced techniques like electrophysiology and optogenetics.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Miguel Dasilva, Christian Brandt, Marc Alwin Gieselmann, Claudia Distler, Alexander Thiele
Summary: The study found that in the frontal eye field of male macaques, both broad-spiking and narrow-spiking cells relied on N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor activation for excitability, but attentional control signals were not affected by glutamatergic receptor types.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Clement M. Garin, Marie Garin, Leonardo Silenzi, Rye Jaffe, Christos Constantinidis
Summary: The size of the prefrontal cortex in humans is not disproportionately enlarged compared to other catarrhini species. However, humans have the most relatively enlarged frontal and parietal lobes in an infraorder exhibiting a disproportionate expansion of these areas.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Selene Schintu, Catherine A. Cunningham, Michael Freedberg, Paul Taylor, Stephen J. Gotts, Sarah Shomstein, Eric M. Wassermann
Summary: Hemispatial neglect is believed to be caused by disruption of interhemispheric balance, where right hemisphere lesions deactivate the right frontoparietal network and hyperactivate the left. Evidence from neuropsychological research and TMS studies in healthy subjects support this mechanism. Inhibition of the right PPC leads to neglect-like, rightward visuospatial bias.
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph P. Happer, Laura C. Wagner, Lauren E. Beaton, Burke Q. Rosen, Ksenija Marinkovic
Summary: Inhibitory control relies on integrated functions across neural networks, which are better captured using aMEG that combines MEG with MRI. Experimental results show that visually salient stimuli can facilitate response withholding on certain trials and hinder responding to others, highlighting the interplay between attention and inhibitory processes. The study emphasizes the role of neural synchrony in theta band in underlying inhibitory control and attentional processes.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yunsong Li, Meili Luo, Xilin Zhang, Suiping Wang
Summary: Deaf adults have better visual attentional orienting, especially when the target is located in the periphery. Both exogenous and endogenous cues can facilitate visual attentional orienting in deaf individuals, with exogenous cues having a stronger effect.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Julia W. Y. Kam, Randolph F. Helfrich, Anne-Kristin Solbakk, Tor Endestad, Pal G. Larsson, Jack J. Lin, Robert T. Knight
Summary: Decades of research on top-down control of attention have shown that the lateral frontal cortex plays a key role in facilitating attention to external inputs. However, the specific involvement of the frontal cortex in directing attention externally versus internally remains poorly understood. This study used electrocorticography to investigate this issue, finding that the frontal cortex showed enhanced target effects during external attention compared to internal attention, while both frontal and temporal cortices showed target effects regardless of attention states.
Review
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Marcelo Bigliassi
Summary: Controlling attention during endurance exercises can be challenging due to the influence of internal bodily cues like discomfort processed by subcortical regions. The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may become active to mitigate fatigue symptoms. Frontal and parietal regions function in harmony to prioritize task-related information and filter irrelevant signals during endurance tasks.
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SPORT AND EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolas Legrand, Olivier Etard, Fausto Viader, Patrice Clochon, Franck Doidy, Francis Eustache, Pierre Gagnepain
Summary: This study used machine learning to decode brain activity and uncover the hidden emergence of intrusive memories, highlighting the importance of reflexive attention. The conscious detection of intrusive activity decoded from the brain signal is crucial for the suppression and later forgetting of memories.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Melinda Sabo, Daniel Schneider
Summary: This study independently assessed the pattern reinstatement and attentional control processes during long-term memory retrieval by measuring alpha-beta-band activity in the EEG. Results showed that attentional control processes during retrieval were associated with the suppression of alpha-beta power contralateral to the to-be-reported imagination position and with the increase of activity contralateral to the irrelevant presentation position.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Panagiotis Sapountzis, Sofia Paneri, Sotirios Papadopoulos, Georgia G. Gregoriou
Summary: Recent work has shown that neural representations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are changing to adapt to task demands, but it is still unclear how this dynamic coding depends on the encoded variable and anatomical constraints. In this study, using a cued attention task and multivariate classification methods, the researchers found that neuronal ensembles in the PFC encode and retain spatial and color attentional instructions in a specific manner. Spatial instructions were decoded from both the frontal eye field (FEF) and the ventrolateral PFC (vlPFC) populations, while color instructions were decoded more robustly from vlPFC. The results suggest that dynamic population coding of attentional instructions in the PFC is influenced by anatomical constraints and can coexist with stable subspace coding.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Alessandro Zanini, Audrey Dureux, Janahan Selvanayagam, Stefan Everling
Summary: The study found that the observation of others' actions activates a network of temporal, parietal and premotor/prefrontal areas in macaque monkeys and humans, which plays important roles in social action monitoring, learning by imitation, and social cognition. The researchers used ultra-high field fMRI at 9.4 T to observe common marmosets while they watched videos of goal-directed or non-goal-directed actions. The results showed that the observation of goal-directed actions activates a temporo-parieto-frontal network, which overlaps with the AON in humans and macaques, suggesting the existence of an evolutionarily conserved network that predates the separation of Old and New-World primates.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Jan Churan, Andre Kaminiarz, Jakob C. B. Schwenk, Frank Bremmer
Summary: The study found that the lateral intra-parietal area (LIP) of the brain has information about the motion of the saccade target for generating accurate interceptive saccades, but there is a delay in prediction. Selecting neurons with the strongest representation of target motion can reduce this delay to approximately 30 milliseconds.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Tingting Wu, Melissa-Ann Mackie, Chao Chen, Jin Fan
Summary: The study found that overt and covert attention orientations are represented by interdependent functional clusters of neuronal populations in regions of the frontoparietal network, which may reflect a generalizable principle in the nervous system for the functional organization of closely associated processes.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Niloufar Zarinabad, Laurence J. Abernethy, Shivaram Avula, Nigel P. Davies, Daniel Rodriguez Gutierrez, Tim Jaspan, Lesley MacPherson, Dipayan Mitra, Heather E. L. Rose, Martin Wilson, Paul S. Morgan, Simon Bailey, Barry Pizer, Theodoros N. Arvanitis, Richard G. Grundy, Dorothee P. Auer, Andrew Peet
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2018)
Article
Oncology
Alan Mackay, Anna Burford, Valeria Molinari, David T. W. Jones, Elisa Izquierdo, Jurriaan Brouwer-Visser, Felice Giangaspero, Christine Haberler, Torsten Pietsch, Thomas S. Jacques, Dominique Figarella-Branger, Daniel Rodriguez, Paul S. Morgan, Pichai Raman, Angela J. Waanders, Adam C. Resnick, Maura Massimino, Maria Luisa Garre, Helen Smith, David Capper, Stefan M. Pfister, Thomas Wuerdinger, Rachel Tam, Josep Garcia, Meghna Das Thakur, Gilles Vassal, Jacques Grill, Tim Jaspan, Pascale Varlet, Chris Jones
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Milad Yazdani, Zoran Rumboldt, Ali Tabesh, Pierre Giglio, Chiara Schiarelli, Paul S. Morgan, Maria V. Spampinato
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hilmar P. Sigurdsson, Sophia E. Pepes, Georgina M. Jackson, Amelia Draper, Paul S. Morgan, Stephen R. Jackson
Article
Oncology
Jacques Grill, Maura Massimino, Eric Bouffet, Amedeo A. Azizi, Geoffrey McCowage, Adela Canete, Frank Saran, Marie-Cecile Le Deley, Pascale Varlet, Paul S. Morgan, Tim Jaspan, Chris Jones, Felice Giangaspero, Helen Smith, Josep Garcia, Markus C. Elze, Raphael F. Rousseau, Lauren Abrey, Darren Hargrave, Gilles Vassal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gary G. Adams, Andrew Meal, Paul S. Morgan, Qushmua E. Alzahrani, Hanne Zobel, Ryan Lithgo, M. Samil Kok, David T. M. Besong, Shahwar I. Jiwani, Simon Ballance, Stephen E. Harding, Naomi Chayen, Richard B. Gillis
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rob A. Dineen, Stefan Pszczolkowski, Katie Flaherty, Zhe K. Law, Paul S. Morgan, Ian Roberts, David J. Werring, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman, Tim England, Philip M. Bath, Nikola Sprigg
Article
Pediatrics
Karen A. Manias, Lisa M. Harris, Nigel P. Davies, Kal Natarajan, Lesley MacPherson, Katharine Foster, Marie-Anne Brundler, Darren R. Hargrave, Geoffery S. Payne, Martin O. Leach, Paul S. Morgan, Dorothee Auer, Tim Jaspan, Theodoros N. Arvanitis, Richard G. Grundy, Andrew C. Peet
PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Maren Prass, Bianca de Haan
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2019)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shivaram Avula, Andrew Peet, Giovanni Morana, Paul Morgan, Monika Warmuth-Metz, Tim Jaspan
Summary: Standardisation of imaging acquisition is crucial for multicentre studies on childhood CNS tumours. The SIOPE brain tumour imaging protocol ensures consistent imaging across multiple centres involved in research.
CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nadia Mock, Christian Balzer, Klemens Gutbrod, Bianca De Haan, Lutz Jancke, Thierry Ettlin, Wiebke Trost
Summary: This study utilized lesion-symptom mapping in patients with cerebrovascular accidents to identify the anatomical correlates of verbal and nonverbal memory, confirming the material-specific lateralization of memory function in the brain. The results indicated a robust association between right temporal lobe lesions and nonverbal memory dysfunction.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anne-Carina Scharf, Janine Gronewold, Olga Todica, Christoph Moenninghoff, Thorsten R. Doeppner, Bianca de Haan, Claudio L. A. Bassetti, Dirk M. Hermann
Summary: This study prospectively evaluated the cognitive deficits in patients with acute thalamic stroke and found that the deficits varied depending on the location of the stroke lesions.
Article
Neuroimaging
Amjad Altokhis, Abdulmajeed Alotaibi, Paul Morgan, Radu Tanasescu, Nikos Evangelou
Summary: MRI measures such as inter-caudate diameter (ICD) and third ventricular width (TVW) are correlated with long-term disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. They show potential as simple and fast predictors of disease progression.
NEURORADIOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Stefan Smaczny, Dominik Bauder, Christoph Sperber, Hans-Otto Karnath, Bianca de Haan
Summary: The effect of alertness on spatial attention is more sensitive in neurotypical participants when assessed with tasks requiring a speeded response.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology
Eric Ghelfi, Cody D. Christopherson, Heather L. Urry, Richie L. Lenne, Nicole Legate, Mary Ann Fischer, Fieke M. A. Wagemans, Brady Wiggins, Tamara Barrett, Michelle Bornstein, Bianca de Haan, Joshua Guberman, Nada Issa, Joan Kim, Elim Na, Justin O'Brien, Aidan Paulk, Tayler Peck, Marissa Sashihara, Karen Sheelar, Justin Song, Hannah Steinberg, Dasan Sullivan
ADVANCES IN METHODS AND PRACTICES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.