Review
Immunology
Kok Fei Chan, Jessica Da Gama Duarte, Simone Ostrouska, Andreas Behren
Summary: γδ T cells play a crucial role in clearing tumors and pathogen-infected cells through their distinct recognition and immune response properties. They interact with other immune cells upon activation, influencing the outcome of immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Metzner, F. Hoersch, C. Mark, T. Czerwinski, A. Winterl, C. Voskens, B. Fabry
Summary: The study introduces an objective method for distinguishing between chemotactic approach and blind migration based on the analysis of time-lapse recorded cell migration trajectories. The method was validated with simulated data and successfully applied to detect long-range interactions in collective systems of self-driven agents in experiments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nathan G. Hedrick, Zhongmin Lu, Eric Bushong, Surbhi Singhi, Peter Nguyen, Yessenia Magana, Sayyed Jilani, Byung Kook Lim, Mark Ellisman, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: Learning induces the formation of new dendritic spines, which bind new presynaptic inputs into preexisting clusters, generating locally coherent inputs representing learned behaviors. Successful connections are selected based on co-activity with nearby task-related spines, ensuring the functional clustering of new spines. Furthermore, a majority of new spines synapse with previously unrepresented axons, suggesting the binding of new information into functional synaptic clusters.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Sara Ness, Shiming Lin, John R. Gordon
Summary: Dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells that interact with T cells to regulate adaptive immune responses. Under certain conditions, dendritic cells can develop into anti-inflammatory cells, inducing immunologic tolerance. Studies have shown that regulatory dendritic cells induce T cell tolerance by suppressing effector T cells and inducing regulatory T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xiaowu Bai, Chi Chun Wong, Yasi Pan, Huarong Chen, Weixin Liu, Jianning Zhai, Wei Kang, Yu Shi, Masami Yamamoto, Tetsuya Tsukamoto, Sachiyo Nomura, Philip Chiu, Jun Yu, Enders Kwok-wai Ng
Summary: YTHDF1 is overexpressed in gastric cancer and promotes cancer growth by inducing cell proliferation and suppressing dendritic cell-mediated anti-tumor immune response. YTHDF1 is a promising therapeutic target for gastric cancer treatment.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Cagla Defterali, Mireia Moreno-Estelles, Carlos Crespo, Eva Diaz-Guerra, Maria Diaz-Moreno, Eva Vergano-Vera, Vanesa Nieto-Estevez, Anahi Hurtado-Chong, Antonella Consiglio, Helena Mira, Carlos Vicario
Summary: In this study, injected EGFP-labeled retroviral particles in the adult olfactory bulb core of mice revealed that NSCs could generate multipotent neurons and glial cells. These newly generated neurons were able to establish synaptic contacts and be integrated into the olfactory bulb circuits.
Article
Immunology
Mary Canavan, Viviana Marzaioli, Vipul Bhargava, Sunil Nagpal, Phil Gallagher, Conor Hurson, Ronan Mullan, Douglas J. Veale, Ursula Fearon
Summary: In patients with Inflammatory Arthritis, synovial CD1c(+)DCs exhibit distinct transcriptional and maturation signatures compared to peripheral CD1c(+)DCs and synovial CD141(+)DCs, with functional differences in TLR7/8 response, antigen processing, and MMP production.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ildefonso Sanchez-Cerrillo, Diego Calzada-Fraile, Ana Triguero-Martinez, Marta Calvet-Mirabent, Olga Popova, Cristina Delgado-Arevalo, Mariel Valdivia-Mazeyra, Marta Ramirez-Huesca, Enrique Vazquez de Luis, Alberto Benguria, Teresa Acena-Gonzalo, Roberto Moreno-Vellisca, Magdalena Adrados de Llano, Hortensia de la Fuente, Ilya Tsukalov, Pablo Delgado-Wicke, Elena Fernandez-Ruiz, Emilia Roy-Vallejo, Reyes Tejedor-Lazaro, Almudena Ramiro, Salvador Iborra, Francisco Sanchez-Madrid, Ana Dopazo, Isidoro Gonzalez Alvaro, Santos Castaneda, Enrique Martin-Gayo
Summary: This study reveals the increased proportion of CD16(+) CD56hi NK cell subset and CD64(+) conventional dendritic cells (cDC2) in pSS patients, suggesting their involvement in the progression of the disease. The cDC2 can activate NK cells ex vivo and are found in proximity to NK cells in the salivary glands. The expression of NKG2D ligands on cDC2 from pSS patients is regulated by the IFN signatures associated with the RIG-I/DDX60 pathway. Injection of poly I:C leads to increased proportions of CD64hi RAE-1(+) cDC2 and NKG2D(+) CD11b(+) CD27(+) NK cells in the salivary glands.
Review
Immunology
Matin Ghasemi, Laleh Abbasi, Leila Ghanbari Naeini, Pajman Kokabian, Najmeh Nameh Goshay Fard, Nozar Givtaj
Summary: Every type of cancer tissue is more susceptible to viral infection, which has been utilized as a new anti-cancer therapy using oncolytic viruses (OVs). OVs selectively infect and destroy cancer cells while causing no harm to the host. Research focuses on the interaction between OVs and the host immune system, particularly the role of dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells in the therapeutic response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jingjing Zhang, Xingli Xu, Suqin Duan, Yang Gao, Danjing Ma, Rong Yue, Fengyuan Zeng, Xueqi Li, Ziyan Meng, Xinghang Li, Zhenye Niu, Guorun Jiang, Li Yu, Yun Liao, Dandan Li, Lichun Wang, Heng Zhao, Ying Zhang, Qihan Li
Summary: This study revealed the strategy of how HSV-1 infection of dendritic cells interferes with the immune system, by investigating the impact of virus infection on both innate and adaptive immunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Cristina Donato, Daniella Balduino Victorino, Carolina Cabezas, Andrea Aguirre, Joana Lourenco, Marie -Claude Potier, Javier Zorrilla de San Martin, Alberto Bacci
Summary: In the neocortex, somatostatin-positive interneurons called Martinotti cells (MCs) inhibit pyramidal neurons (PNs) directly and also connect with other interneurons. These connections contribute to cortical network balance and play important roles in cognitive functions. This study found that MCs primarily connect with PNs, but also connect with other interneurons. Interestingly, the synapses between MCs and different targets exhibited specific short-term plasticity and used different GABAAR subunits. These findings provide new insights into the connectivity and molecular mechanisms of MCs in the cortical circuits.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Dawid Swieboda, Thomas F. Rice, Yanping Guo, Simon Nadel, Ryan S. Thwaites, Peter J. M. Openshaw, Beth Holder, Fiona J. Culley
Summary: Early life is a vulnerable period for infectious diseases and allergy development. This study compares the abundance and function of different subpopulations of innate lymphocytes in cord blood and adult blood. The results show that NKT cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells are less abundant in cord blood, while natural killer cells and other subsets of innate lymphocytes are similarly abundant. However, the functionality of NKT cells in cord blood, such as cytokine production and expression of granzyme B, is lower compared to adults. In contrast, cord blood natural killer cells and innate lymphoid cells are abundant and capable of producing their hallmark cytokines. These findings have important implications for early life immunity.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Yue Kris Wu, Christoph Miehl, Julijana Gjorgjieva
Summary: This article explores the role of inhibitory neurons in the brain, influencing neuronal activity through modulating synaptic plasticity and forming memories as well as novelty detection. Experimental and modeling studies have revealed the crucial role of inhibitory plasticity in circuit dynamics and connectivity shaping.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Francisco J. Solis, Luz M. Gonzalez
Summary: In this paper, a nonlinear advection-diffusion model is proposed to study the interaction between immune system cells and HPV-infected cells. The model considers both the innate and adaptive immune response. A numerical explicit scheme is presented to approximate the proposed model. Numerical simulations show the temporal evolution of the model cells and identify conditions for eliminating the infection.
NONLINEAR DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lorenzo Gesuita, Anna Cavaccini, Ali Ozgur Argunsah, Emilia Favuzzi, Leena Ali Ibrahim, Tevye Jason Stachniak, Martina De Gennaro, Sebastian Utz, Melanie Greter, Theofanis Karayannis
Summary: Microglia play a crucial role in the development of inhibitory networks, especially in the proper development of SST+ cell synapses. The molecules CX3CL1 and CXCL12 have opposing effects on the elaboration of SST+ cell axons. In terms of cortical activity development, microglia are essential for the activation of SST+ cells.
Article
Microbiology
Anita Murer, Julia Ruhl, Andrea Zbinden, Riccarda Capaul, Wolfgang Hammerschmidt, Obinna Chijioke, Christian Munz
Review
Oncology
Christian Munz
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Bithi Chatterjee, Yun Deng, Angelika Holler, Nicolas Nunez, Tarik Azzi, Liliana Danusia Vanoaica, Anne Mueller, Hana Zdimerova, Olga Antsiferova, Andrea Zbinden, Riccarda Capaul, Johannes H. Dreyer, David Nadal, Burkhard Becher, Mark D. Robinson, Hans Stauss, Christian Munz
Article
Cell Biology
Vojo Deretic, Eric Prossnitz, Mark Burge, Matthew J. Campen, Judy Cannon, Ke Jian Liu, Meilian Liu, Pamela Hall, Larry A. Sklar, Lee Allers, Luisa Mariscal, Sally Ann Garcia, John Weaver, Eric H. Baehrecke, Christian Behrends, Francesco Cecconi, Patrice Codogno, Guang-Chao Chen, Zvulun Elazar, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Bernard Fourie, Devrim Gozuacik, Wanjin Hong, Eun-Kyeong Jo, Terje Johansen, Gabor Juhasz, Adi Kimch, Nicholas Ktistakis, Guido Kroemer, Noboru Mizushima, Christian Muenz, Fulvio Reggiori, David Rubinsztein, Kevin Ryan, Kate Schroder, Han-Min Shen, Anne Simonsen, Sharon A. Tooze, Maria Vaccaro, Tamotsu Yoshimori, Li Yu, Hong Zhang, Daniel J. Klionsky
Article
Immunology
Peter O. Oluoch, Cliff I. Oduor, Catherine S. Forconi, John M. Ong'echa, Christian Munz, Dirk P. Dittmer, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Ann M. Moormann
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Review
Virology
Christian Munz
Review
Immunology
Christian Muenz
Review
Cell Biology
Christian Munz
Review
Virology
Christian Munz
Summary: The oncogenes encoded by EBV and KSHV manipulate cellular processes like autophagy, proliferation, and apoptosis to ensure their efficient persistence and dissemination in hosts without causing pathologies in most carriers. These mechanisms allow the viruses to strike a balance between infectivity and host immune response, preventing clearance and minimizing symptoms.
Review
Oncology
Yun Deng, Christian Muenz
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects over 95% of the adult human population, usually controlled by immune responses. Genetic variations affect cytotoxic lymphocytes' role in immune control against EBV. Humanized mice models offer insights into molecular mechanisms during EBV infection and potential vaccine development.
Review
Immunology
Christian Munz
Summary: Herpesviruses play a key role in shaping NK cell repertoires, with CMV driving NKG2C-positive NK cell accumulation and EBV expanding NKG2A-positive NK cells. While adaptive NK cells support immunity through antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, NKG2A-positive NK cells seem to target lytic EBV replicating B cells. The importance of restricting EBV replication during gamma-herpesvirus pathogenesis will be discussed, along with summarizing the impact of coinfections on EBV-driven NK cell expansion.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christian Muenz
Summary: The Epstein Barr virus can be controlled by the immune system in most carriers, but deficiencies in certain molecular pathways can lead to EBV-associated pathologies. Co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory molecules play a crucial role in EBV-specific immune control.
Review
Microbiology
Fabienne Laederach, Christian Muenz
Summary: This review summarizes epidemiological evidence supporting EBV infection as a prerequisite for MS development, describes altered EBV-specific immune responses in MS patients, and speculates on possible pathogenic mechanisms underlying the synergy between EBV infection and the MS-associated MHC class II haplotype. Therapies targeting EBV-infected B cells are being explored in MS patients, with a need for better mechanistic understanding and innovative experimental systems to test proposed mechanisms.
Review
Cell Biology
Fabienne Laederach, Christian Muenz
Summary: Strong epidemiologic evidence supports the association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and altered immune control to the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). The mechanisms linking the two remain largely unknown. Two main possibilities for this association are discussed. Immune responses induced during a symptomatic primary EBV infection might be amplified over time, leading to central nervous system inflammation and demyelination. Alternatively, genetic predisposition and environmental factors may result in insufficient immune control of EBV-infected B cells, leading to autoimmune T cell stimulation or CNS inflammation. Understanding EBV's contribution to MS could potentially open new treatment possibilities for this autoimmune disease.
Review
Microbiology
Blossom Damania, Christian Muenz
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2019)
