Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rohan Dandage, Caroline M. Berger, Isabelle Gagnon-Arsenault, Kyung-Mee Moon, Richard Greg Stacey, Leonard J. Foster, Christian R. Landry
Summary: The study investigated protein-protein interactions in hybrids between yeast species, finding that most interactions are similar to those of the parents but with some altered instances. It suggests that the occurrence of chimeric protein complexes is frequent, potentially due to incompatibilities or imbalances between parental proteomes.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bisant A. Labib, DeGaulle Chigbu
Summary: Allergic conjunctivitis is a common condition caused by exposure to allergens. Understanding the immune mechanisms is vital for identifying therapeutic targets. Treatment options are diverse but often require multiple agents.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xizhe Zhang, Chunyu Pan, Xinru Wei, Meng Yu, Shuangjie Liu, Jun An, Jieping Yang, Baojun Wei, Wenjun Hao, Yang Yao, Yuyan Zhu, Weixiong Zhang
Summary: The study focused on cancerous cells and genes that maintained abnormal cell growth, known as cancer-keeper genes (CKGs). Intervening CKGs can rectify aberrant cell growth, making them potential cancer therapeutic targets. In bladder cancer, all genes on the cell-cycle and p53 pathways were identified as CKGs, highlighting their importance in cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ira Buntenbroich, Vincent Anton, Daniel Perez-Hernandez, Tania Simoes, Felix Gaedke, Astrid Schauss, Gunnar Dittmar, Jan Riemer, Mafalda Escobar-Henriques
Summary: Defects in mitochondrial fusion play a role in many diseases. Mitofusins use self-interaction and GTP hydrolysis to drive membrane remodeling events. The mechanisms by which mitofusins mediate outer membrane fusion are still not fully understood, but structural studies provide insights and possible therapeutic interventions for mitofusin-associated diseases.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Binxin Cui, Lin Lin, Bangmao Wang, Wentian Liu, Chao Sun
Summary: This review focuses on the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of S. boulardii as a probiotic, and summarizes its potential efficacy in various liver diseases and future prospects.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Liu, Zi-Qing Gao, Juan Li, Qi Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the key changes in gene expression associated with Fuchs' endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and identified potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for FECD. The findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of FECD and offer potential targets for treatment.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cristobal A. Onetto, Anthony R. Borneman, Simon A. Schmidt
Summary: Interactions between non-Saccharomyces yeast species and Saccharomyces cerevisiae can impact fermentation performance, with strain selection playing a key role in optimizing fermentation outcomes when using non-Saccharomyces species.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hae Jin Kee, Inkyeom Kim, Myung Ho Jeong
Summary: This article provides an overview of the pathogenesis of hypertension, current anti-hypertensive drugs, and the need for novel drugs. It focuses on the role and regulatory mechanisms of HDACs in hypertension and discusses the progress in developing HDAC inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elsa P. Bianchini, Claire Auditeau, Mahita Razanakolona, Marc Vasse, Delphine Borgel
Summary: Disorders related to bleeding and thrombosis are caused by imbalances in coagulation or fibrinolysis. Inhibitors from the serpin family play a crucial role in regulating these physiological events and are considered as potential therapeutic targets. The review discusses various serpin-targeting strategies in hemostasis and suggests the use of modified serpins and inhibitors for treating or preventing bleeding or thrombosis.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frances V. Hundley, Nerea Sanvisens Delgado, Harold C. Marin, Kaili L. Carr, Ruilin Tian, David P. Toczyski
Summary: By conducting chemical-genetic CRISPR-Cas9 screens, we identified interactions between certain E3s/DUBs genes and compounds, which clustered functionally. Some genes interacted with multiple compounds, while others interacted primarily with a single compound or related compounds.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaku Tsuji, Kazuhiko Yamamura, Koji Kawamura, Makiko Kido-Nakahara, Takamichi Ito, Takeshi Nakahara
Summary: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis involving skin barrier dysfunction, type II immune response, and pruritus. Advances in understanding the immunological mechanisms of AD have identified multiple novel therapeutic targets. New biologic agents targeting various cytokines and pathways are being developed for systemic and topical therapy, including JAK inhibitors, histamine H4 receptor antagonists, and microbiome modulation. This review provides insights into the current and future directions of novel therapies for AD and highlights their mechanisms of action and efficacy, supporting the advancement of precision medicine in the treatment of AD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Riccardo Milanesi, Farida Tripodi, Jacopo Vertemara, Renata Tisi, Paola Coccetti
Summary: This study reveals that glucose-dependent inactivation of Snf1/AMPK is unrelated to the Ras/PKA pathway, and demonstrates a strong coordination between glycolytic metabolism and Snf1/AMPK. The findings support a model in which Snf1/AMPK senses glucose flux independently from PKA activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabio Hedayioglu, Emma J. Mead, Patrick B. F. O'Connor, Matas Skiotys, Owen J. Sansom, Giovanna R. Mallucci, Anne E. Willis, Pavel Baranov, C. Mark Smales, Tobias von der Haar
Summary: The study validates two experimental tools for assessing ribosome binding to mRNAs, highlighting the usefulness of polysome profile reconstructions in evaluating dataset quality.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benno Traub, Aileen Roth, Marko Kornmann, Uwe Knippschild, Joachim Bischof
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with poor survival rates, prompting the need for new therapeutic approaches. Protein kinases play crucial roles in development and pathogenesis, making them potential targets for precision medicine in patients with deregulated kinase pathways.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theodora A. Constantin, Kyle K. Greenland, Anabel Varela-Carver, Charlotte L. Bevan
Summary: Transcriptional deregulation is a characteristic feature of various cancer types. In metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, the addiction of transcriptional activity to the androgen receptor is maintained in most patients. Transcription associated cyclin-dependent kinases (tCDKs), a group of protein kinases, have shown great potential as therapeutic targets for prostate cancer and other solid tumors.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
A. Haris, V. B. C. Tan
Summary: Thinner laminates have a higher specific ballistic limit, suggesting that deploying multiple stacks of thin laminated panels is more effective than bonding all laminas into a single thick laminate. Multiple laminate systems consistently outperformed a single laminate with the same number of laminas, showing that spacing the laminates apart enhances ballistic performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Enquan Chew, J. L. Liu, T. E. Tay, L. Q. N. Tran, V. B. C. Tan
Summary: The study demonstrates that adopting a helicoidal laminate stacking configuration can improve the mechanical performance of NFRP laminates, making them exhibit better performance under loads and impacts, thus suitable for the development and application of environmentally friendly materials.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhi, Karthikayen Raju, Tong-Earn Tay, Vincent Beng Chye Tan
Summary: Multiscale thermal analysis aims to model complex microstructural responses efficiently without fully resolved simulations. It typically uses the FE2 method to couple two levels of finite element simulations in a nested manner. The Direct FE2 method proposed in this article achieves scale transitions through temperature/nodal thermal force and allows for easy implementation in standard FE packages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Jia Long Liu, Lorenzo Mencattelli, Jie Zhi, Ping Yee Chua, Tong-Earn Tay, Vincent Beng Chye Tan
Summary: This study presents a novel structure for glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates, which significantly improves their impact performance and fiber damage resistance. Compared to conventional laminates, this structure is lighter and effectively reduces fiber damage.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Khadidja Bourahla, Solene Guiheneuf, Emmanuelle Limanton, Ludovic Paquin, Remy Le Guevel, Thierry Charlier, Mustapha Rahmouni, Emilie Durieu, Olivier Lozach, Francois Carreaux, Laurent Meijer, Jean-Pierre Bazureau
Summary: A method for synthesizing new compounds was reported, and their activity against protein kinases as well as inhibition of tumor cell proliferation was tested. Two compounds were identified as potential DYRK1A inhibitors, offering new directions for drug development in neurological or oncological disorders.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mohammad S. Rouhi, Vincent B. C. Tan, Tong-Earn Tay
Summary: The study focuses on predicting mechanical properties of unidirectional composites using multiscale manufacturing simulation and micromechanical models. It considers the coupling effects between macro-scale preform processes and mesoscale ply processes, as well as between the solid and fluid phases. An integrated platform is designed for analysis and property calculation, enabling design and optimization of composites.
JOURNAL OF MULTISCALE MODELLING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhi, Leong Hien Poh, Tong-Earn Tay, Vincent Beng Chye Tan
Summary: This paper presents a concurrent multilevel modeling approach called Direct FE2, which connects the macroscopic and microscopic behaviors of materials and allows for accurate prediction of deformation in composite materials.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jiaqin Wang, Vincent B. C. Tan
Summary: The study suggests that stress concentrations around inherent defects in materials can sometimes be reduced by adding nanoparticles to improve material strength. However, experiments coating nanoinclusions with a layer of rubbery material aiming for higher energy absorption did not computationally achieve the expected strength enhancement.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
J. L. Liu, J. Zhi, H. L. Wong, E. S. Sugeng, T. E. Tay, V. B. C. Tan
Summary: The effect of ply blocking on high-speed impact of CFRP laminates is investigated. It is found that ply blocking significantly affects the ballistic limit and modes of damage. As the level of ply blocking increases, resistance to fiber damage increases but it becomes easier for projectiles to slip through between fibers. A new laminate layup is designed to mitigate the effects of ply blocking.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
J. L. Liu, E. W. L. Lim, Z. P. Sun, J. Wang, T. E. Tay, V. B. C. Tan
Summary: Inspired by the fibre layup in the exoskeleton of mantis-shrimp, this study demonstrates that controlling the printing direction can significantly improve the out-of-plane strength and impact toughness of 3D printed plates. The helicoidal layup of the printed plates surpasses conventional plates in terms of strength and impact energy dissipation. The study also reveals that the damage mechanisms of 3D printed plates differ under static loading and dynamic impact, and the helicoidal layup excels in both conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Jun Koyanagi, Asa Mochizuki, Ryo Higuchi, V. B. C. Tan, T. E. Tay
Summary: In this study, a novel model is developed to simulate the reductions in strength and fracture energy for carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) plies, allowing for comprehensive simulation of various failures. The model defines reductions in strength and fracture energy as functions of entropy generation, and incorporates them into the conventional Hashin's criterion for validation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yehui Cui, Xiangguo Zeng, Vincent B. C. Tan, Zhilang Zhang
Summary: In this study, the dynamic fracture performances of NiTi alloy were comprehensively investigated through experiments and simulations. The fracture behavior was found to exhibit quasi-brittle features. A novel constitutive model was proposed to accurately reproduce the crack propagation process. Additionally, it was demonstrated that a smaller grain size could improve the intergranular fracture toughness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jie Zhi, Karh Heng Leong, Kirk Ming Yeoh, Tong -Earn Tay, Vincent Beng Chye Tan
Summary: A multiscale method is proposed in this study to model thin-walled fiber reinforced composite laminates using Mindlin-Reissner shell theory and Direct FE2. The method employs a first-order homogenization framework to handle the scale transitions and considers in-plane and through-thickness periodicity. It avoids the upscaling of macroscopic stresses and tangents in the conventional nested FE2 scheme, making it useful for modeling damage propagation in composite structures.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Ang Zhao, Vincent Beng Chye Tan, Pei Li, Kui Liu, Zhendong Hu
Summary: This paper proposes a filtering-based reconstruction method to solve the checkerboard problem and provides an important solution for the practical application of multiscale topology optimization.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Kirk Ming Yeoh, Leong Hien Poh, Tong-Earn Tay, Vincent Beng Chye Tan
Summary: In finite element analyses, composite laminates are often homogenised and modelled using beam and plate elements. However, these structural elements are inaccurate for laminates with distinct in-plane stiffnesses, such as sandwich structured composites. To address this issue, a multiscale layerwise beam model based on the Timoshenko-Ehrenfest beam theory is proposed, which captures the key deformation modes of bending and transverse shear. The model is implemented using Direct FE2, a versatile computational homogenisation scheme that also captures deformation mechanisms at the mesoscale. The proposed approach provides accurate macroscale responses and resolution to mesoscale deformations in significantly less computation time.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)