Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soonkap Kim, Young Gyu Kang, Jaejin Kim, Pooja Dua, Dong-ki Lee
Summary: This study analyzed the gene-silencing ability and immunostimulatory capacity of asiRNAs with different guide strand lengths and found that lasiRNA structures have the potential to function as bifunctional siRNA, triggering a specific immune response combined with target gene silencing.
NUCLEIC ACID THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Aline Koch, Michael Wassenegger
Summary: Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) technology is a powerful alternative for plant protection, but its efficacy and specificity require more fundamental knowledge on molecular mechanisms. Contributions of host and target RNA interference machineries may be incompatible, and closing knowledge gaps will lead to novel concepts, precise risk assessment, and tailor-made HIGS therapy for plant diseases.
Review
Immunology
Lin Lei, Anchun Cheng, Mingshu Wang, Renyong Jia
Summary: This article discusses the relationships between miRNAs in host cells and RNA viruses, including the regulation of gene expression by miRNAs and their impact on RNA virus replication.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Arnaud Segers, Joachim Carpentier, Frederic Francis, Rudy Caparros Megido
Summary: This study investigated the potential use of RNA interference (RNAi) as a biotechnological tool for controlling the bruchid pest Callosobruchus maculatus. The researchers identified key proteins and genes involved in the RNAi mechanism and successfully reduced the expression of laccase 1 in C. maculatus using dsRNA injections. While no significant mortalities were observed, this study supports RNAi as a potential method for controlling bruchid pests.
Article
Virology
Aparajitha Vaidyanathan, Harry E. Taylor, Thomas J. Hope, Richard T. D'Aquila, Elizabeth T. Bartom, Judd F. Hultquist, Marcus E. Peter
Summary: HIV infection leads to depletion of CD4(+) T cells, but some cells can survive and become part of the latent reservoir. Understanding the mechanisms of HIV-mediated cell death could potentially help clear the latent reservoir.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Federico Betti, Maria Jose Ladera-Carmona, Daan A. Weits, Gianmarco Ferri, Sergio Iacopino, Giacomo Novi, Benedetta Svezia, Alicja B. Kunkowska, Antonietta Santaniello, Alberto Piaggesi, Elena Loreti, Pierdomenico Perata
Summary: Plants can uptake exogenous RNA to affect gene expression in nearby plants via RNAi mechanism, indicating a role of miRNA as signaling molecules for plant-to-plant communication. This communication mechanism requires the production of secondary siRNAs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana Zand Karimi, Roger W. Innes
Summary: This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of silencing pathogen and pest genes by expressing complementary RNAs in the host plant. Key unanswered questions are identified, and strategies for improving the efficacy and reproducibility of HIGS treatments in controlling crop diseases are explored.
Article
Microbiology
Hanbang Zhang, Juliana Veira, Sarah Twitty Bauer, Christopher Yip, Upinder Singh
Summary: This study characterizes, for the first time, the components of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) in Entamoeba, revealing multiple functional protein components and novel nuclear assembly protein-interacting partners. The research further enhances our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms of RNAi in this parasite.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julien Ouvrard, Lisa Muniz, Estelle Nicolas, Didier Trouche
Summary: siRNAs can induce transcriptional silencing of chromatin-associated noncoding RNA through base-pairing with the target sequence. Transcriptional silencing occurs only in cis, and both Ago1 and Ago2 are involved.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lu Gao, Yanli Wang, Mureed Abbas, Tingting Zhang, Enbo Ma, Hans Merzendorfer, Kun Yan Zhu, Jianzhen Zhang
Summary: The findings suggest that LmDicer-1 and two LmDicer-2s play important roles in the siRNA-mediated RNAi pathway in the insect L. migratoria, which contributes to efficient RNAi.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kiara Fairman, Miao Li, Baitang Ning, Annie Lumen
Summary: PBPK modeling is a powerful tool with potential applications in the development of RNAi therapeutics, a class of drugs with unique pharmacokinetic properties. While there is active research in this area, there are still challenges to fully evaluating the utility of PBPK models for RNAi therapeutics. The current computational modeling approaches can support efficient development and approval of RNAi therapeutics, but further exploration and standardization are needed to optimize their use.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Snigdha Ghosh, Snehanjana Patra, Sarmistha Ray
Summary: Recent research reports have shown that plant pests and pathogens have greatly reduced crop yield, leading to increased reliance on commercial pesticides and fungicides. However, the increased usage of these chemicals has negative effects on the environment. To address this issue, various techniques such as nanobioconjugates and RNA(i) have been implemented, with a more eco-friendly approach being spray induced gene silencing (SIGS). This review examines the combination of SIGS and nanobioconjugates for improved crop protection against different plant hosts and their pathogens, and highlights the importance of nanotechnological advancements in developing updated techniques.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ye Cao, Yang Fei Tan, Yee Shan Wong, Muhammad Aminuddin, Bhuthalingam Ramya, Melvin Wen Jie Liew, Jiaxin Liu, Subbu S. Venkatraman
Summary: Despite the challenges, this study presents a new nanogel system that can encapsulate and sustainably release siRNA, enhancing its efficiency and prolonging the gene silencing effect. This system shows promise for both fundamental biological studies and clinical applications in siRNA-based therapies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xueli Zhang, Amu Gubu, Jianfei Xu, Ning Yan, Wenbo Su, Di Feng, Qian Wang, Xinjing Tang
Summary: A new method for the bio-orthogonal chemical activation of siRNA based on tetrazine-induced bond-cleavage reaction was developed, successfully achieving conditional gene silencing and providing a new uncaging strategy with small molecules.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ida Juhl Corydon, Bjorn Kristensen Fabian-Jessing, Thomas Stax Jakobsen, Asbjorn Cortnum Jorgensen, Emilie Grarup Jensen, Anne Louise Askou, Lars Aagaard, Thomas Juhl Corydon
Summary: The year 2023 is the 25th anniversary of the discovery of RNAi. RNAi-based therapeutics have gained significant momentum in the past decade, with five approved therapeutics targeting the liver and ongoing trials indicating the availability of more RNAi-based medicines for extra-hepatic tissues in the future. This systematic review identified a total of 90 trials published in 81 articles and 48 ongoing trials, investigating the maturation of RNAi-based therapeutics and developments in delivery platforms, administration routes, and potential targets.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2023)