Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhi-Kai Yang, Da-Wei Li, Liang Peng, Chen-Fei Liu, Zhi-Yuan Wang
Summary: Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses were used to investigate the molecular responses of A. mycotoxinivorans to ZEN exposure and the genetic basis of ZEN detoxification. ZEN-induced genes were significantly associated with xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress response, and active transport systems, while ZEN-inhibited genes were mainly related to cell division, cell cycle, and fungal development.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yaling Cai, Zhiqi Zhang, Fang Dong, Zefeng Ma, Kai Fan, Zheng Han, Zhizhong Li, Zhihui Zhao
Summary: A reliable HPLC-MS/MS method was established for simultaneous detection of ZEN-14G and ZEN in rats. The method showed good selectivity, linearity, sensitivity, recovery, precision, and stability. The study revealed the kinetic and distribution profiles of ZEN-14G and ZEN in plasma, urine, and various tissues of rats after oral administration of ZEN-14G. Continuous attention should be paid to the co-exposure of ZEN and ZEN-14G due to their potential health risks.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaochen Huang, Xinyang Zhang, Yanyan Huang, Xuping Xu
Summary: The study aimed to enhance tetracycline degradation efficiency by Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans XPY-10 using statistical experimental designs. The maximum tetracycline degradation efficiency of 95.18% was achieved under optimized conditions. This provides theoretical support for remediating tetracycline-contaminated environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jian Ji, Jian Yu, Wei Xu, Yi Zheng, Yinzhi Zhang, Xiulan Sun
Summary: Zearalenone and its derivatives pose a serious threat to food quality and animal health. The use of enzymes to degrade mycotoxins has become a popular method to counter this threat. In this study, a novel enzyme FSZ derived from Aspergillus niger was found to effectively degrade Zearalenone and its derivatives, providing potential application value.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mingzhe Yuan, Chu Zeng, Huijie Lu, Yiming Yue, Ting Sun, Xianqing Zhou, Gang Li, Nana Ai, Wei Ge
Summary: BPA disrupts otolith formation during zebrafish early development through nonestrogenic pathways, involving epigenetic control of key genes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuan Lou, Sarah A. Woodson
Summary: This study shows that self-cleavage of the glmS ribozyme riboswitch can occur during transcription before the ribozyme is fully synthesized. Co-transcriptional folding of the RNA allows the ribozyme catalytic core to react without the downstream stability domain. Slow sequential folding promotes the formation of the native core structure. Ribozyme self-cleavage at an early stage of transcription is important for the regulation of glmS in B. subtilis.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rivi Halimi, Smadar Levin-Zaidman, Vered Levin-Salomon, Shani Bialik, Adi Kimchi
Summary: The role of programmed cell death during embryonic development has been investigated in this study. New findings show that a novel type of cell elimination occurs in post-implantation mouse embryos, which controls the number of epiblast cells and is independent of caspase-dependent apoptosis. This research sheds light on the mechanisms of cell death during embryonic development.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zongshuai Li, Yali Liu, Tian Ma, Chen Lv, Yina Li, Hongwei Duan, Xingxu Zhao, Jianlin Wang, Yong Zhang
Summary: Zearalenone (ZEN), a fungal toxin widely present in forage and food, poses a threat to animal and human reproductive health. This study using Smart-seq2 technology revealed that ZEN inhibits the in vitro maturation of ovine oocytes and reduces the proliferation of cumulus cells.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yan Zhu, Pascal Drouin, Dion Lepp, Xiu-Zhen Li, Honghui Zhu, Mathieu Castex, Ting Zhou
Summary: In this study, a purified bacterial isolate, Bacillus sp. S62-W, was found to transform the mycotoxin ZEA to a novel microbial transformation product, ZEA-14-phosphate, with high efficacy. Further testing on other Bacillus strains showed that the phosphorylation functionality is widely conserved in this genus. The results suggest a potential application for controlling ZEA using this new transformation system.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Consiglia Longobardi, Sara Damiano, Gianmarco Ferrara, Serena Montagnaro, Valentina Meucci, Luigi Intorre, Samanta Bacci, Luigi Esposito, Nadia Piscopo, Antonio Rubino, Antonio Raffaele, Salvatore Florio, Roberto Ciarcia
Summary: This study conducted the first assessment of the concentrations of ZEN and its metabolites in different tissues of wild boars in the Campania region of Italy. The results showed the presence of ZEN and alpha-Zearalenol in most of the samples, highlighting the importance of monitoring these mycoestrogens.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongxia Tan, Hongyuan Zhou, Ting Guo, Yuhao Zhang, Liang Ma
Summary: This study investigated the formation of ZEN-zein complex using ultrafiltration, multi-spectroscopic, and molecular modeling techniques. The results showed that ZEN can interact with zein to form a complex driven by hydrophobic force and hydrogen bonds. The conformational changes induced by binding with ZEN were revealed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yongpei Wang, Xingxing Liu, Liheng Dong, Kian-Kai Cheng, Caigui Lin, Xiaomin Wang, Jiyang Dong, Lingli Deng, Daniel Raftery
Summary: Drug combinations are commonly used in medical treatment for synergistic therapeutic effects or to alleviate drug resistance. However, some combinations may lead to adverse effects, so it is important to understand the mechanisms of drug interactions. This study proposes a complementary strategy called iMSEA, based on metabolomics, to decipher drug interactions.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yongpei Wang, Xingxing Liu, Liheng Dong, Kian-Kai Cheng, Caigui Lin, Xiaomin Wang, Jiyang Dong, Lingli Deng, Daniel Raftery
Summary: Drug combinations are commonly used in clinical treatment to achieve synergistic therapeutic effects. In this study, a metabolomics-based strategy called iMSEA was proposed to explore drug interactions. A digraph-based heterogeneous network model was constructed to simulate the biological metabolic network. The iMSEA strategy highlighted the synergistic effects of combined drug treatments by analyzing pathway activity and identifying drug interactions.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lyndon Naidoo, Gloria Ebube Uwaya, Florian Meier, Krishna Bisetty
Summary: This study investigates the impact of PEGylated Fe3O4 nanoparticles intercalated with carboxylic acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes on the design of an electrochemical sensor for zearalenone (ZEN) analysis. The nanocomposite-enhanced electrode exhibits a strong cathodic redox response of ZEN and provides significantly low limits of detection and quantification. Spike recoveries for real samples of rice and corn flour are excellent. The incorporation of the nanocomposite-enhanced electrode shows potential in preventing ZEN mycotoxin exposure.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yuanyuan Fang, Zhaolin Huang, Wei Xu, Chengfei Wang, Yurong Sun, Wenli Zhang, Cuie Guang, Wanmeng Mu
Summary: In this study, two potential hotspots were identified in the zearalenone lactonase from Gliocladium roseum. Mutants with increased thermostability were obtained and showed improved performance in high temperature conditions for efficient elimination of zearalenone.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Rudolf Krska, John F. Leslie, Simon Haughey, Moira Dean, Yoneal Bless, Oonagh McNerney, Michelle Spence, Chris Elliott
Summary: This paper discusses the issue of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts and effective methods for prevention and mitigation. It covers a range of measures and technologies from preharvest to postharvest stages to ensure the safety of peanuts and smooth trade.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Heidi Udnes Aamot, Hesam Mousavi, Jafar Razzaghian, Guro Brodal, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Simon G. Edwards, Ingerd S. Hofgaard
Summary: High levels of mycotoxins are occasionally found in Norwegian oat grain, and different oat varieties show varying levels of resistance to different pathogens. Late inoculation of Fusarium spp. can result in higher levels of mycotoxins, and there may be additional risks from other toxins close to harvest.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Urszula Wachowska, Michael Sulyok, Marian Wiwart, Elzbieta Suchowilska, Wolfgang Kandler, Rudolf Krska
Summary: This study determined the content of Fusarium mycotoxins in wheat grain and analyzed the interaction between antagonistic microorganisms and Fusarium pathogens. Integrated fungicide and biological treatments were effective in reducing the production of Fusarium toxins.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Abdi Mohammed, Zelalem Bekeko, Mawardi Yusufe, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska
Summary: The study aimed to assess fungal species and multi-mycotoxins associated with sorghum grain in post-harvest samples from eastern Ethiopia. The findings revealed significant contamination of sorghum grains with multiple mycotoxins, emphasizing the importance of improved sorghum production management training for farmers.
Article
Food Science & Technology
David Steiner, Armin Humpel, Eleonore Stamminger, Anna Schoeberl, Gerlinde Pachschwoell, Anita Sloboda, Christy Swoboda, Jolene Rigg, Dawei Zhang, Yahong Wang, Joshua Davis, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Brian Quinn, Brett Greer, Christopher T. Elliott, Zbynek Dzuman, Jana Hajslova, Andreas Gschaider, Carina Fechner, Lisa Forstner, Elisabeth Varga, Piotr Jedziniak, Katarzyna Pietruszka, Adrianna Rudawska, Alexandra Malachova
Summary: This interlaboratory comparison study involved nine laboratories from around the world testing for 24 regulated and non-regulated mycotoxins. The overall success rate for testing all compounds was 70%. The study also showed that the design is suitable for providing future certified reference materials.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Felipe Penagos-Tabares, Ratchaneewan Khiaosa-ard, Marlene Schmidt, Eva-Maria Bartl, Johanna Kehrer, Veronika Nagl, Johannes Faas, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Qendrim Zebeli
Summary: Dairy cows in Austria are commonly exposed to a mixture of mycotoxins and phytoestrogens in their diets, with Fusarium-derived metabolites being the most prevalent and diverse. Maize silage and straw are the major dietary factors influencing the contamination with fungal toxins and metabolites, while temperature plays a significant role among the geo-climatic factors.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Valentina Scarpino, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Amedeo Reyneri, Massimo Blandino
Summary: This study investigated the role of soil fertility resulting from different nitrogen fertilization rates on the contamination of mycotoxins and fungal metabolites in maize grains. The results showed that poor soil fertility was associated with increased contamination of certain fungal metabolites, while nitrogen overload led to higher contamination of other fungal metabolites. A balanced use of nitrogen fertilizer was found to be the best solution to reduce mycotoxin and fungal metabolite contamination.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna K. Atanasoff-Kardjalieff, Bernhard Seidl, Katharina Steinert, Constantin G. Daniliuc, Rainer Schuhmacher, Hans-Ulrich Humpf, Svetlana Kalinina, Lena Studt-Reinhold
Summary: Fusarium mangiferae causes the economically significant mango malformation disease (MMD) on young mango trees and seedlings, leading to crop losses. Additionally, it produces secondary metabolites (SMs) that may contaminate the harvest. This study identifies the impact of the H3 K9-specific histone methyltransferase FmKmt1 on the expression of FmPKS8, a previously unknown polyketide synthase. The biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) of FmPKS8 is determined, and its activity is linked to the production of fusamarins.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kolawole I. Ayeni, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Benedikt Warth, Chibundu N. Ezekiel
Summary: This study evaluated the presence of mycotoxins and other contaminants in complementary foods consumed by Nigerian infants and young children. The results showed that some foods exceeded the EU safety threshold for aflatoxin and fumonisin. Other mycotoxins were also detected. The study emphasizes the importance of storage and hygiene practices during food preparation and feeding.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Elzbieta Suchowilska, Wolfgang Kandler, Marian Wiwart, Rudolf Krska
Summary: Tritordeum grain has lower thousand kernel weight and ash content compared to durum wheat and barley, but it contains higher levels of potassium, magnesium, copper, zinc, and cobalt.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Felipe Penagos-Tabares, Michael Sulyok, Juan-Ignacio Artavia, Samanta-Irais Flores-Quiroz, Cesar Garzon-Perez, Ezequias Castillo-Lopez, Luis Zavala, Juan-David Orozco, Johannes Faas, Rudolf Krska, Qendrim Zebeli
Summary: This study analyzed a wide range of mycotoxins, phytoestrogens, and other metabolites in dairy feeds from Mexican farms, and found widespread contamination. Fusarium-derived secondary metabolites were the most frequently detected fungal compounds. The most commonly detected mycotoxins in the feeds were zearalenone, fumonisin B1, and deoxynivalenol.
Article
Agronomy
Urszula Wachowska, Michael Sulyok, Marian Wiwart, Elzbieta Suchowilska, Weronika Giedrojc, Dariusz Gontarz, Wolfgang Kandler, Rudolf Krska
Summary: The efficacy of Debaryomyces hansenii (Dh) yeast in reducing the content of secondary fungal metabolites in durum wheat spikes grown in southern and northern Poland was evaluated. The results showed that the Dh yeast strain significantly decreased mycotoxin concentration in the grain and also reduced the content of other fungal metabolites in northern Poland.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Maisl, Maria Doppler, Bernhard Seidl, Christoph Bueschl, Rainer Schuhmacher
Summary: Lyophilization is commonly used to stabilize biological samples or concentrate extracts. However, it may alter the metabolic composition or cause the loss of metabolites. This study investigated the performance of lyophilization in wheat root samples and found that it altered the metabolic composition and led to the loss or change of metabolite abundances.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Oluwadamilola M. M. Makinde, Michael Sulyok, Rasheed A. A. Adeleke, Rudolf Krska, Chibundu N. N. Ezekiel
Summary: A comprehensive study was conducted to analyze bacterial and biotoxin contaminants in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods in Nigeria. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and dilute-and-shoot LC-MS/MS method were used to profile bacteria and biotoxins, respectively. The study discovered new bacterial isolates and detected various metabolites in the RTE foods. It also found different types of contamination in artisanal and industrially-processed foods, highlighting the need for routine surveillance and food safety education.
Article
Microbiology
Kristina Missbach, Daniel Flatschacher, Christoph Bueschl, Jonathan Matthew Samson, Stefan Leibetseder, Martina Marchetti-Deschmann, Susanne Zeilinger, Rainer Schuhmacher
Summary: Many studies have neglected the influence of light on fungal secondary metabolite production. In this study, the effect of different light regimes on Trichoderma atroviride secondary metabolite production was systematically determined using metabolomics analysis. It was found that reduced light conditions maximize secondary metabolite production.