Article
Environmental Sciences
Raimon M. Prats, Barend L. van Drooge, Pilar Fernandez, Joan O. Grimalt
Summary: The study demonstrates the feasibility of using PUF-PAS for air SVOC analysis in high-mountain areas, with in-situ calibration using PRCs providing suitable sampling rates. Results from PUF-PAS showed good agreement with those from PUF-AAS, with minor deviations observed for PAHs due to seasonal concentration variations.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elvio D. Amato, Fabienne Pfeiffer, Nicolas Estoppey, Dragan Subotic, Laure Herweyers, Tom Breugelmans, Maarten Weyn, Els Du Bois, Freddy Dardenne, Adrian Covaci, Raewyn M. Town, Ronny Blust
Summary: The novel APS sampling technique combines active and passive sampling methods, allowing independent measurement of various contaminants regardless of hydrodynamic conditions, with results consistent with traditional techniques.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuanyuan Shao, Chenchen Song, Zeyi Yue, Sheng Peng, Wuduo Zhao, Wenfen Zhang, Shusheng Zhang, Gangfeng Ouyang
Summary: A sensitive analytical method was established in this study to detect trace phthalate esters (PAEs) in ambient air by combining the needle trap device with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The optimized operating parameters resulted in satisfactory extraction stability and recovery, as well as low detection limits.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Heidi Ahkola, Petra Lindholm-Lehto, Noora Perkola, Pia Valitalo, Paivi Merilainen, Kimmo Maenpaa, Julio Alberto Alegre Stelzer, Ilse Heiskanen, Johanna Jarvisto, Jari Nuutinen, Matti T. Leppanen
Summary: Sewage sludge is an inevitable byproduct of wastewater treatment, and reusing it can reduce waste and promote circular economy. However, sludge contains potentially harmful chemicals. This study determined concentrations of various compounds in different sludge treatments, and found that bioassays and sampler extracts detecting contaminants in sludge are complementary tools for chemical analyses in assessing environmental risks.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Silvia Bianchelli, Francesco Martini, Marco Lo Martire, Roberto Danovaro, Cinzia Corinaldesi
Summary: This study tested the combined approach of passive and active restoration to restore a historically polluted industrial site in the Mediterranean Sea. The results showed that the use of cages could effectively reduce herbivory pressure on macroalgae growth, and the associated benthic communities exhibited different taxonomic compositions compared to controls.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Yaolin Lin, Luqi Zhao, Wei Yang, Xiaoli Hao, Chun-Qing Li
Summary: Passive building technology in China has been widely recognized and developed rapidly, maximizing the utilization of free energy from the ambient environment to reduce building energy consumption. However, there are still barriers such as policies and regulations that need to be overcome. Design tools and benefit analysis of passive buildings are gradually being applied in different climate zones.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Christian I. Rude, Lane G. Tidwell, Susan C. Tilton, Katrina M. Waters, Kim A. Anderson, Robyn L. Tanguay
Summary: Passive sampling device (PSD) with developmental toxicity assays in zebrafish can effectively detect the whole mixture toxicity of bioavailable non-polar organics in environmental sites. By incorporating RNA-Seq, this study investigated the toxicity of PSD extracts from two locations in Portland Harbor Superfund Site on zebrafish embryos. The results showed that RM 6.5W had higher concentrations of PAHs and exhibited higher toxicity, while the gene expression profiles were similar between the two extracts.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
D. Urupina, T. Leonardis, S. Crunaire, N. Locoge
Summary: The study found that radial passive sampling is not suitable for measuring 1,3-butadiene, while caution is needed when using active sampling to avoid exceeding safe sampling limits. The relatively low sampling times and high sampling volumes suggest the need to develop more suitable support materials for long-term environmental monitoring.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stefano Francesco Crino, Roberto Di Mitri, Nam Q. Nguyen, Ilaria Tarantino, Germana de Nucci, Pierre H. Deprez, Silvia Carrara, Masayuki Kitano, Vanessa M. Shami, Gloria Fernandez-Esparrach, Jan-Werner Poley, Francisco Baldaque-Silva, Takao Itoi, Erminia Manfrin, Laura Bernardoni, Armando Gabbrielli, Elisabetta Conte, Elettra Unti, Jeevinesh Naidu, Andrew Ruszkiewicz, Michele Amata, Rosa Liotta, Gianpiero Manes, Franca Di Nuovo, Ivan Borbath, Mina Komuta, Laura Lamonaca, Daoud Rahal, Keiichi Hatamaru, Masahiro Itonaga, Gianenrico Rizzatti, Guido Costamagna, Frediano Inzani, Mariangela Curatolo, Daniel S. Strand, Andrew Y. Wang, Angels Gines, Oriol Sendino, Marianna Signoretti, Lydi M. J. W. van Driel, Karoly Dolapcsiev, Yukitoshi Matsunami, Schalk van der Merwe, Hannah van Malenstein, Francesca Locatelli, Loredana Correale, Aldo Scarpa, Alberto Larghi
Summary: The study found that in evaluating solid pancreatic lesions, EUS-FNB without ROSE can achieve high diagnostic accuracy. EUS-FNB without ROSE showed higher tissue core rate and shorter sampling time. Therefore, when using new-generation FNB needles, ROSE should not be routinely recommended.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoki Furubayashi, Koji Inaka, Masayuki Kamo, Yasufumi Umena, Takeshi Matsuoka, Yukio Morimoto
Summary: The crystal structure of L-lactate oxidase in complex with L-lactate was solved at a resolution of 1.33 angstroms, revealing the binding mode of L-lactate to the enzyme complex. The observations demonstrate the involvement of L-lactate in enzymatic catalysis through interactions with FMN and an active site within the enzyme complex, as well as the dynamic response of enzyme structures to substrate binding and enzymatic reaction progression.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ryan P. Sweeney, Phillip M. Danby, Andreas Geissner, Ryan Karimi, Jesper Brask, Stephen G. Withers
Summary: Efforts have been made to find better amylase mutants through high-throughput screening, aided by the development of efficient active site titration reagents for quantitation of active mutants in crude cell lysates. The designed reagent incorporates a highly reactive fluorogenic leaving group onto unsaturated cyclitol ethers, providing a convenient titrant for alpha-amylases down to low nanomolar levels.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yixue Cao, Ping Chen, Yi Chen, Yuxuan Wen, Lei Hua, Yuanyuan Xie, Haiyang Li
Summary: This paper investigates the differences in mass range, resolution, sensitivity, and ion fragmentation of LIT/TOFMS driven by square and sinusoidal waveforms. It is found that the square mode has a wider mass range, better mass resolution, and higher sensitivity compared to the sinusoidal mode. Additionally, the square mode exhibits softer behavior and less ion fragmentation. Therefore, LIT/TOFMS driven by a square waveform shows greater potential in complex matrix systems with a wide mass range.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Primoz Auersperger, Anja Korosa, Nina Mali, Brigita Jamnik
Summary: The article presents an analytical method for qualitative monitoring of organic pollutants in water using a simple and cost-effective passive sampling device, and its applicability is tested in three hydrogeological studies.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Min Zhang, Shuai Yang, Zhifei Zhang, Caijuan Guo, Yan Xie, Xinzhe Wang, Lin Sun, Zhuo Ning
Summary: Millions of contaminated sites worldwide require remediation, but selecting the optimal technology for remediation is challenging. Existing decision-making methods mainly focus on specific areas rather than the entire contaminated site. In this study, a scientific screening and combination procedure was developed considering the distribution characteristics of contaminants for a petroleum-contaminated site. The proposed method identified a technology mix for different locations and strata, promising to enhance the effectiveness of contaminated site remediation. However, further testing and enrichment of the method are needed in future studies.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Melanie A. Snow, Michelle Feigis, Ying Duan Lei, Carl P. J. Mitchell, Frank Wania
Summary: The passive sampler for personal GEM monitoring introduced in this study combines a radial porous diffusive barrier with an activated carbon sorbent, providing high accuracy at low levels and high concentrations, wide applicability, and the ability to maintain low blank levels in high GEM environments.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Dominika Gruszecka, Jonathan Grandy, Emanuela Gionfriddo, Varoon Singh, Janusz Pawliszyn
Summary: A novel method using TF-SPME was developed to test for PCAs in commercial cod liver oil samples. The method showed effective extraction of contaminants from oily matrices and provided promising results in detecting specific pollutants in fish oil brands.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Nipunika H. Godage, Aghogho A. Olomukoro, Ronald Emmons, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: This review examines contemporary materials used for in vivo measurements through three common analytical methodologies, and describes each material in terms of adaptability, biocompatibility, and feasibility for precise measurement of desired properties/composition of a living system.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ronald Emmons, Govind Sharma Shyam Sunder, Tiffany Liden, Kevin A. Schug, Timnit Yosef Asfaha, Joseph G. Lawrence, Jon R. Kirchhoff, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: This study investigated various extraction methods for untargeted analysis of produced water, identifying numerous organic and elemental constituents, including hazardous metals. Chemometric analysis successfully discriminated different sources of produced water samples, paving the way for tracing the origin of produced water in the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nipunika H. Godage, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: This work proposes a new method for biomonitoring studies focused on the screening and quantification of xenobiotics in blood-derived samples. The performance of a polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS/DVB/PDMS) biocompatible extraction phase was investigated for extraction of pesticides and pharmaceuticals from plasma samples via direct immersion solid-phase microextraction (SPME) prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The optimized conditions were used to validate a quantitative method using matrix-matched calibration with isotopically labeled internal standard correction. The applicability of this method to plasma from different species (human, rat, rabbit) was also investigated. This work represents the first step toward broader use of the biocompatible PDMS/DVB/PDMS extraction phases for analysis of multiclass xenobiotics in plasma and other complex biofluids.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Daniel Rickert, German Augusto Gomez-Rios, Varoon Singh, Janusz Pawliszyn
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of spatial positioning of coated-blade spray (CBS) devices with respect to the mass spectrometry (MS) inlet when coupling to different MS platforms. The results showed that optimizing the MS parameters, such as the position of the CBS tip regarding the MS inlet, is vital to exploit the full quantitative potential of this technology.
RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Claus, Emanuela Gionfriddo, Jennifer Monahan, Rebecca J. Whelan, Mark F. Vitha
Summary: Interest in threshold concepts has increased in recent years. Chemistry educators believe that aha moments can help students achieve a new level of understanding and retain foundational knowledge. Identifying threshold concepts in subdisciplines of chemistry can guide the design of chemistry courses to promote a more comprehensive comprehension of the subdiscipline.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Juliana Crucello, Naiara M. F. M. Sampaio, Iris Medeiros Junior, Rogerio Mesquita Carvalho, Emanuela Gionfriddo, Philip J. Marriott, Leandro Wang Hantao
Summary: Naphthenic acids (NAs) are important for flow assurance during oil exploration and reducing negative impacts on the environment. This study developed a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC xGC-HRMS) method for qualitative analysis of NAs and a fully automated direct-immersion solid phase microextraction (DI-SPME) method for extraction, derivatization, and preconcentration of NAs. The proposed methods successfully identified 94 NAs with a wide extraction coverage range and enabled quantitative analysis.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ronald V. Emmons, Endri Karaj, Erasmus Cudjoe, David S. Bell, L. M. Viranga Tillekeratne, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: Effective retention and separation of BMAA and its isomers in their underivatized forms on liquid chromatography stationary phases has always been a challenge. This study evaluates the chromatographic behavior of BMAA and its isomers and achieves effective retention and separation using selected stationary phases. Extraction and quantification are achieved using solid phase microextraction and ion-trap mass spectrometry.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aghogho A. Olomukoro, Charlotte DeRosa, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: The C-F alkyl structural backbone of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances makes them resistant to heat and degradation, leading to their persistence and mobility in the environment. They can accumulate in living organisms. This study used solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) to preconcentrate 15 PFAS and analyzed them by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The adsorption and desorption mechanisms of PFAS onto ion-exchange extraction phases were evaluated using two SPME geometries, fibers, and thin films.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nipunika H. H. Godage, Erasmus Cudjoe, Tue Chau, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: In this study, a high-throughput method was developed using biocompatible solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of 79 commonly used pesticides in human plasma. The developed SPME method showed higher sensitivity and reduced matrix effects compared to the traditional QuEChERS method. Comparable accuracy and precision were achieved for both methods, with the SPME method successfully extracting 79 out of 82 monitored pesticides in human plasma.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ronald V. Emmons, William Fatigante, Aghogho A. Olomukoro, Brian Musselman, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: This work evaluates the performance of DART-MS for the screening and quantification of PFAS of different chemical classes, employing a central composite design (CCD) to better understand the interactions of DART parameters on their ionization. Preconcentration of PFAS from water samples was achieved by solid phase microextraction (SPME), and extracts were analyzed using the optimized DART-MS conditions, which allowed obtaining linear dynamic ranges (LDRs) within 10 and 5000 ng/L and LOQs of 10, 25, and 50 ng/L for all analytes. Instrumental analysis was achieved in less than 20 s per sample.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Madison L. Williams, Aghogho Abigail Olomukoro, Ronald V. Emmons, Nipunika H. Goodage, Emanuela Gionfriddo
Summary: Matrix effects pose significant challenges to separation techniques, affecting accuracy and reliability. It is crucial to address these effects throughout the analytical process, utilizing strategies such as changing ionization types and optimizing extraction methods.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Emanuela Gionfriddo
LC GC NORTH AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Emanuela Gionfriddo, German Augusto Gomez-Rios
Summary: The complexity and diversity of food matrices pose challenges for chemical analysis, but microextraction technology, particularly solid-phase microextraction (SPME), has revolutionized sample preparation. Coupled with mass spectrometry, microextraction allows for faster and more efficient analysis of complex matrices.
JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2021)