Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sajad Ghaemifar, Hamed Mirzadeh
Summary: The high cooling rate in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing can suppress the formation of niobium carbide (NbC) phase in Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy parts. However, the NbC phase may precipitate during elevated temperature exposure. This study investigates the precipitation kinetics of NbC carbide during homogenization heat treatment and finds that increasing the homogenization temperature accelerates its formation. The diffusion of C and Nb atoms in the Ni matrix is identified as the underlying mechanism for NbC carbide formation during homogenization heat treatment.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Nebeal Faris, Jason White, Flynn Magazowski, Adam Fischmann, Lathe A. Jones, James Tardio, Srinivasan Madapusi, Stephen Grocott, Suresh K. Bhargava
Summary: The study revealed that during partial neutralisation, nickel and cobalt primarily occur through adsorption onto the surfaces of aluminum and iron precipitates, rather than precipitation as hydroxides. The molar ratio of aluminum to iron is a key variable controlling the loss of nickel and cobalt during the process.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lucia B. B. Martinez, Rodolfo G. G. Pereyra, Eldo E. E. Avila
Summary: Raindrop size distributions observed with a particle size velocity disdrometer are compared with the size distributions of charged raindrops obtained with a special device. The measurements were conducted during three thunderstorms in Cordoba, Argentina. The results show a systematic difference between the two distributions, suggesting that the larger raindrops recorded by the disdrometer might have also been melted ice particles.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shenglong Liang, Xiang Wang, Carmen Andrei, Hatem S. Zurob
Summary: The precipitation behavior during two-pass hot deformation in a 70Ni-30Fe-Nb-C model alloy was studied. It was found that precipitation only occurred heterogeneously on dislocations after the first deformation pass, and no precipitation took place after the second pass. A physics-based model analysis revealed that this phenomenon was due to the depletion of the thermodynamic driving force and the dissolution of newly formed precipitates.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Roberta Parigi, Eva Pakostova, Joel W. Reid, Emily M. Saurette, Joyce M. McBeth, Carol J. Ptacek, David W. Blowes
Summary: This study investigates nickel isotope fractionation during the precipitation of nickel sulfides in the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria. The results show multiple reaction mechanisms occurring in the complex SRB-Ni system, providing insights into nickel isotope fractionation during interaction with SRB and offering a foundation for the use of nickel stable isotopes as tracers in environmental applications.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Y. Tzeng, C. -Y. Jhan, K. -M. Chiu, Y. -C. Wu, G. -Y. Chen, P. -S. Wang
Summary: Silicon is investigated as an active material for the anode of lithium-ion battery due to its higher specific capacity. Metal foams are used as current collectors to achieve low resistance and high capacity, but loose adhesion and loss of electrical contacts with the collector are issues unless the foam is densely compressed. By pyrolysis, silicon reacts with nickel on a nickel foam to form nickel silicide while the selected binder is graphitized, resulting in a conductive and porous anode. The reported silicon-based anode with nickel foam exhibits excellent cycling performance and high retained capacity after 50 cycles under specific discharge/charge conditions.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Alex Fontana, Richard Pedurand, Vincent Dolique, Ghaouti Hansali, Ludovic Bellon
Summary: The study applied the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem to explain the behavior of a heated microcantilever, showing that the lack of thermal noise arises from dissipation shared between clamping losses and distributed damping.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Fan Liao, Siyu Chen, Yuwei Shen, Yanqing Li, Huixian Shi, Lai Xu, Wenxiang Zhu, Kui Yin, Mingwang Shao
Summary: The surface fluorinated nickel-graphene nano-composites synthesized via reduction of Si-H bonds in hydrothermal condition exhibit higher activity and kinetics for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). The introduction of fluorine leads to the formation of nickelic, decreasing the reaction energy barrier for MOR. The strong electronegativity of fluorine atoms facilitates the attraction of OH- groups and repulsion of protons, contributing to the enhanced performance of F-Ni-G nanocomposites as MOR catalysts.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Konstantina Fani, Sotiris Lycourghiotis, Kyriakos Bourikas, Eleana Kordouli
Summary: In this study, activated natural mordenite was used as a support to prepare two metallic nickel catalysts for the production of green diesel from biodiesel. The optimized mordenite support exhibited enhanced surface area and pore size, ease of nickel reduction, high active surface, balanced distribution of acid sites, resistance to sintering, and low coke formation. The catalyst achieved a liquid product consisting of 94 wt.% renewable diesel after 9 hours of reaction at 350°C and 40 bar H-2 pressure under solvent-free conditions.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Si-qi Zeng, Jing-jing Tian, Shu-bing Hu, Ming Xiao, Bo Peng
Summary: Laser surface melting was used to improve the cavitation performance of nickel aluminum bronze. The microstructure was characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Cavitation behavior was tested on an ultrasonic vibratory machine. The results showed that the optimal process parameters were a laser power of 3 kW and a scanning speed of 10 mm/s, which resulted in increased corrosion resistance and reduced cavitation mass loss compared to the cast sample. The enhanced cavitation resistance was attributed to the synergistic mechanism of grain refinement strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and precipitate strengthening, as well as the elimination of selective corrosion through a homogeneous structure.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Woo Jin Hwang, Gyung Bae Bang, Sung-Hoon Choa
Summary: Selective laser melting (SLM) is a promising additive manufacturing (AM) technique for producing complex and high-density three-dimensional structures at high speeds. This study investigated the changes in microstructure, residual stress, mechanical properties, and electrical properties of AlSi7Mg and AlSi10Mg materials after heat treatment. The heat treatment reduced residual stress and led to the complete precipitation of silicon (Si) as independent spherical precipitates. The mechanical properties of both materials decreased in terms of tensile and yield strength, while the elongation increased after heat treatment. However, the electrical conductivity improved due to the presence of Si as an impurity. The electrical and mechanical properties of the AlSi alloy can be enhanced by optimizing the Si content.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
E. A. Eliseev, A. Leonov, N. M. Voznesenskaya, I. O. Bannykh, E. Lukin, K. Yu Demin
Summary: The structure of specimens at different stages of thin strip fabrication is investigated, and the properties of Alloy 97NL-VI strip specimens, including strength properties and specific electrical resistance, are studied. The strip microstructure is examined using X-ray structural analysis after various heat treatment versions, and the effect of different heat treatment regimes on the level of physicomechanical properties is studied.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Young-Sik An, Hye-Young Shin, Jong-Yea Kim
Summary: This study optimized the coprecipitation method for encapsulating hydrophobic active compounds using starch nanoparticles (SNP). Various conditions were tested, and the encapsulation efficiency was influenced by the reaction conditions. The optimized method resulted in efficient encapsulation and higher storage stability for the encapsulated compounds.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pengting Li, Lian Dong, Zhiqiang Hu, Shiqiang Ren, Yi Tan, Dachuan Jiang, Xiaogang You
Summary: This paper presents a method of using electron beam melting coupled with directional solidification to purify silicon scraps. Hard particles are effectively removed by the collision and clustering under the action of melt convection. Metal impurities are concentrated in the top center of the ingot due to the accelerated convection caused by the electron beam. The obtained silicon ingot has low impurity content and can be used for high-performance polycrystalline silicon production.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Liangliang Zhang, Martin Oestreich
Summary: A new nickel/zinc-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling reaction has been reported, utilizing alkyl electrophiles activated by an alpha-cyano group and chlorosilanes. Elemental zinc serves as the stoichiometric reductant in this reductive coupling process, allowing for the formation of a C(sp(3))-Si bond starting from two electrophilic reactants. This method differs from previous approaches that rely on the combination of carbon nucleophiles and silicon electrophiles.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
D. P. Fenning, J. Hofstetter, M. I. Bertoni, S. Hudelson, M. Rinio, J. F. Lelievre, B. Lai, C. del Canizo, T. Buonassisi
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2011)
Article
Physics, Applied
D. M. Powell, J. Hofstetter, D. P. Fenning, R. Hao, T. S. Ravi, T. Buonassisi
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2013)
Article
Physics, Applied
D. P. Fenning, A. S. Zuschlag, M. I. Bertoni, B. Lai, G. Hahn, T. Buonassisi
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2013)
Article
Physics, Applied
J. Lindroos, D. P. Fenning, D. J. Backlund, E. Verlage, A. Gorgulla, S. K. Estreicher, H. Savin, T. Buonassisi
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2013)
Article
Physics, Applied
D. P. Fenning, J. Hofstetter, M. I. Bertoni, G. Coletti, B. Lai, C. del Canizo, T. Buonassisi
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2013)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jasmin Hofstetter, David P. Fenning, Jean-Francois Lelievre, Carlos del Canizo, Tonio Buonassisi
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2012)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sarah Bernardis, Bonna K. Newman, Marisa Di Sabatino, Sirine C. Fakra, Mariana I. Bertoni, David P. Fenning, Rune B. Larsen, Tonio Buonassisi
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2012)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vidya Ganapati, David P. Fenning, Mariana I. Bertoni, Chito E. Kendrick, Alexandria E. Fecych, Joan M. Redwing, Tonio Buonassisi
Article
Chemistry, Physical
David P. Fenning, Jasmin Hofstetter, Ashley E. Morishige, Douglas M. Powell, Annika Zuschlag, Giso Hahn, Tonio Buonassisi
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2014)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jonas Schoen, Antti Haarahiltunen, Hele Savin, David P. Fenning, Tonio Buonassisi, Wilhelm Warta, Martin C. Schubert
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2013)
Article
Energy & Fuels
David P. Fenning, Annika S. Zuschlag, Jasmin Hofstetter, Alexander Frey, Mariana I. Bertoni, Giso Hahn, Tonio Buonassisi
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2014)
Proceedings Paper
Physics, Applied
Jasmin Hofstetter, David P. Fenning, Douglas M. Powell, Ashley E. Morishige, Tonio Buonassisi
GETTERING AND DEFECT ENGINEERING IN SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY XV
(2014)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jasmin Hofstetter, Jean-Francois Lelievre, David P. Fenning, Mariana I. Bertoni, Tonio Buonassisi, Carlos del Canizo
GETTERING AND DEFECT ENGINEERING IN SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY XIV
(2011)
Article
Energy & Fuels
H. J. Choi, M. I. Bertoni, J. Hofstetter, D. P. Fenning, D. M. Powell, S. Castellanos, T. Buonassisi
IEEE JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2013)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Liu, K. Zweiacker, C. Liu, J. T. McKeown, J. M. K. Wiezorek
Summary: The evolution of rapid solidification microstructure and solidification interface velocity of hypereutectic Al-20at.%Cu alloy after laser melting has been studied experimentally. It was found that the formation of microstructure was dominated by eutectic, alpha-cell, and banded morphology grains, and the growth modes changed with increasing interface velocity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bharat Gwalani, Julian Escobar, Miao Song, Jonova Thomas, Joshua Silverstein, Andrew Chihpin Chuang, Dileep Singh, Michael P. Brady, Yukinori Yamamoto, Thomas R. Watkins, Arun Devaraj
Summary: Castable alumina forming austenitic alloys exhibit superior creep life and oxidation resistance at high temperatures. This study reveals the mechanism behind the enhanced creep performance of these alloys by suppressing primary carbide formation and offers a promising alloy design strategy for high-temperature applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jian Song, Qi Zhang, Songsong Yao, Kunming Yang, Houyu Ma, Jiamiao Ni, Boan Zhong, Yue Liu, Jian Wang, Tongxiang Fan
Summary: Recent studies have shown that achieving an atomically flat surface for metals can greatly improve their oxidation resistance and enhance their electronic-optical applications. Researchers have explored the use of graphene as a covering layer to achieve atomically flat surfaces. They found that high-temperature deposited graphene on copper surfaces formed mono-atomic steps, while annealed copper and transferred graphene on copper interfaces formed multi-atomic steps.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jennifer A. Glerum, Jon-Erik Mogonye, David C. Dunand
Summary: Elemental powders of Al, Ti, Sc, and Zr are blended and processed via laser powder-bed fusion to create binary and ternary alloys. The microstructural analysis and mechanical testing show that the addition of Ti results in the formation of primary precipitates, while the addition of Sc and Zr leads to the formation of fine grain bands. The Al-0.25Ti-0.25Zr alloy exhibits comparable strain rates to Al-0.5Zr at low stresses, but significantly higher strain rates at higher stresses during compressive creep testing. Finite element modeling suggests that the connectivity of coarse and fine grain regions is a critical factor affecting the creep resistance of the alloys.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Jannotti, B. C. Hornbuckle, J. T. Lloyd, N. Lorenzo, M. Aniska, T. L. Luckenbaugh, A. J. Roberts, A. Giri, K. A. Darling
Summary: This work characterizes the thermo-mechanical behavior of bulk nanocrystalline Cu-Ta alloys under extreme conditions. The experiments reveal that the alloys exhibit unique mechanical properties, behaving differently from conventional nanocrystalline Cu. They do not undergo grain coarsening during extrusion and exhibit behavior similar to coarse-grained Cu.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yiqing Wei, Jingwei Li, Daliang Zhang, Bin Zhang, Zizhen Zhou, Guang Han, Guoyu Wang, Carmelo Prestipino, Pierric Lemoine, Emmanuel Guilmeau, Xu Lu, Xiaoyuan Zhou
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy to modify microstructure by phase regulation, which can simultaneously enhance carrier mobility and reduce lattice thermal conductivity. The addition of Cu in layered SnSe2 induces a phase transition that leads to increased grain size and reduced stacking fault density, resulting in improved carrier mobility and lower lattice thermal conductivity.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jia Chen, Zhengyu Zhang, Eitan Hershkovitz, Jonathan Poplawsky, Raja Shekar Bhupal Dandu, Chang-Yu Hung, Wenbo Wang, Yi Yao, Lin Li, Hongliang Xin, Honggyu Kim, Wenjun Cai
Summary: In this study, the structural origin of the pH-dependent repassivation mechanisms in multi-principal element alloys (MPEA) was investigated using surface characterization and computational simulations. It was found that selective oxidation in acidic to neutral solutions leads to enhanced nickel enrichment on the surface, resulting in reduced repassivation capability and corrosion resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
X. Y. Xu, C. P. Huang, H. Y. Wang, Y. Z. Li, M. X. Huang
Summary: The limited slip systems of magnesium (Mg) and its alloys hinder their wide applications. By conducting tensile straining experiments, researchers discovered a rate-dependent transition in the dislocation mechanisms of Mg alloys. At high strain rates, glissile dislocations dominate, while easy-glide dislocations dominate at low strain rates. Abundant glissile dislocations do not necessarily improve ductility.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. S. Szczerba, M. J. Szczerba
Summary: Inverse temperature dependences of the detwinning stress were observed in face-centered cubic deformation twins in Cu-8at.%Al alloy. The detwinning stress increased with temperature when the pi detwinning mode was involved, but decreased when the pi/3 mode was involved. The dual effect of temperature on the detwinning stress was due to the reduction of internal stresses pre-existing within the deformation twins. The complete reduction of internal stresses at about 530 degrees C led to the equivalence of the critical stresses of different detwinning modes and a decrease in the yield stress anisotropy of the twin/matrix structure.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Taowen Dong, Tingting Qin, Wei Zhang, Yaowen Zhang, Zhuoran Feng, Yuxiang Gao, Zhongyu Pan, Zixiang Xia, Yan Wang, Chunming Yang, Peng Wang, Weitao Zheng
Summary: The interaction between the electrode and the electric double layer (EDL) significantly influences the energy storage mechanism. By studying the popular alpha-Fe2O3 electrode and the EDL interaction, we find that the energy storage mechanism of the electrode can be controlled by modulating the EDL.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew R. Barnett, Jun Wang, Sitarama R. Kada, Alban de Vaucorbeil, Andrew Stevenson, Marc Fivel, Peter A. Lynch
Summary: The elastic-plastic transition in magnesium alloy Mg-4.5Zn exhibits bursts of deformation, which are characterized by sudden changes in grain orientation. These bursts occur in a coordinated manner among nearby grains, with the highest burst rate observed at the onset of full plasticity. The most significant burst events are associated with twinning, supported by the observation of twinned structures using electron microscopy. The bursts are often preceded and followed by a stasis in peak movement, indicating a certain "birth size" for twins upon formation and subsequent growth at a later stage.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vaidehi Menon, Sambit Das, Vikram Gavini, Liang Qi
Summary: Understanding solute segregation thermodynamics is crucial for investigating grain boundary properties. The spectral approach and thermodynamic integration methods can be used to predict solute segregation behavior at grain boundaries and compare with experimental observations, thus aiding in alloy design and performance control.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Feiyu Qin, Lei Hu, Yingcai Zhu, Yuki Sakai, Shogo Kawaguchi, Akihiko Machida, Tetsu Watanuki, Yue-Wen Fang, Jun Sun, Xiangdong Ding, Masaki Azuma
Summary: This study reports on the negative and zero thermal expansion properties of Cd2Re2O7 and Cd1.95Ni0.05Re2O7 materials, along with their ultra-low thermal conductivity. Through investigations of their structures and phonon calculations, the synergistic effect of local structure distortion and soft phonons is revealed as the key to achieving these distinctive properties.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Beerli, Christian C. Roth, Dirk Mohr
Summary: A novel testing system for miniature specimens is designed to characterize the plastic response of materials for which conventional full-size specimens cannot be extracted. The system has an automated operation process, which reduces the damage to specimens caused by manual handling and improves the stability of the test results. The experiments show that the miniature specimens extracted from stainless steel and aluminum have high reproducibility, and the results are consistent with those of conventional-sized specimens. A correction procedure is provided to consider the influence of surface roughness and heat-affected zone caused by wire EDM.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rani Mary Joy, Paulius Pobedinskas, Nina Baule, Shengyuan Bai, Daen Jannis, Nicolas Gauquelin, Marie-Amandine Pinault-Thaury, Francois Jomard, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran, Rozita Rouzbahani, Fernando Lloret, Derese Desta, Jan D'Haen, Johan Verbeeck, Michael Frank Becker, Ken Haenen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of film microstructure and composition on the Young's modulus and residual stress in nanocrystalline diamond thin films. The results provide insights into the mechanical properties and intrinsic stress sources of these films, and demonstrate the potential for producing high-quality nanocrystalline diamond films under certain conditions.