Review
Oncology
Siddharth Mehra, Nilesh Deshpande, Nagaraj Nagathihalli
Summary: Pancreatic cancer has a low survival rate and strong resistance to treatment, making targeted inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway crucial for reducing tumor burden and improving survival. Targeted therapy against PI3K signaling has shown significant impact on modulating tumor-stromal-immune interactions within the microenvironment of pancreatic cancer.
Review
Oncology
Eileen Carpenter, Sarah Nelson, Filip Bednar, Clifford Cho, Hari Nathan, Vaibhav Sahai, Marina Pasca di Magliano, Timothy L. Frankel
Summary: This review explores the molecular components responsible for the immune-privileged state in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and provides an overview of immunotherapeutic strategies for PDAC, including vaccine therapy, checkpoint blockade, myeloid-targeted therapy, and immune agonist therapy.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Zhenyu Liao, Longyun Ye, Tianjiao Li, Xing Jin, Xuan Lin, Qinglin Fei, Huiru Zhang, Saimeng Shi, Xianjun Yu, Kaizhou Jin, Weiding Wu
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value, immune profile, and functional role of CXCR4(+) macrophages in the tumor immune microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Through analysis of patient specimens and in silico analysis, it was found that high infiltration of CXCR4(+) macrophages was associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival in PDAC patients. These macrophages exhibited a protumor phenotype and inhibited CD8(+) T cells. Mechanistic analysis revealed that CXCR4(+) macrophages promoted tumor proliferation and migration through the secretion of SPARC via the CXCR4/PI3K/Akt pathway. Targeting these cells could be crucial in immunotherapy of PDAC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Benjamin M. MacCurtain, Ned P. Quirke, Stephen D. Thorpe, Tom K. Gallagher
Summary: PDAC, the most common form of pancreatic cancer, has a poor prognosis. Tumor stiffness and increased tissue heterogeneity, along with current diagnostics, may help predict prognosis and treatment response. Biomechanical changes in PDAC, factors behind these changes, and methods for assessing PDAC biomechanics are discussed in this review.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Weiliang Jiang, Congying Chen, Li Huang, Jie Shen, Lijuan Yang
Summary: The study revealed that overexpression of GATA4 exacerbates inflammation-induced pancreatic cancer cell invasion and growth, while silencing of GATA4 attenuates these processes. Inflammation-driven cancer progression is dependent on GATA4 expression and is mediated through the STAT3 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Giansante, Gianmarco Stati, Silvia Sancilio, Emanuela Guerra, Saverio Alberti, Roberta Di Pietro, Joerg D. Hoheisel
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related death, and its incidence is increasing each year. The low relative survival rate and challenges of heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer have emphasized the need for novel therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the role of necroptosis in pancreatic cancer progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Claudio Luchini, Lodewijk A. A. Brosens, Laura D. Wood, Deyali Chatterjee, Jae Il Shin, Concetta Sciammarella, Giulia Fiadone, Giuseppe Malleo, Roberto Salvia, Valentyna Kryklyva, Maria L. Piredda, Liang Cheng, Rita T. Lawlor, Volkan Adsay, Aldo Scarpa
Summary: Tumours with microsatellite instability (MSI)/defective DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) have low prevalence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), associated with specific histological and molecular features. The clinical identification of MSI/dMMR PDAC requires specific tests and consideration of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for precision oncology.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jinlu Liu, Wenbi Wu, Qing Zhu, Hong Zhu
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly tumor characterized by a tumor microenvironment consisting of fibroblasts and immunosuppressive cells. Traditional therapies are limited by poor drug delivery efficiency, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective and safe treatments. In recent years, hydrogel-based therapies have been developed as potential therapeutic options for PDAC, offering controlled drug delivery with excellent biocompatibility and high drug load capacity.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Samuel J. S. Rubin, Raoul S. Sojwal, John Gubatan, Stephan Rogalla
Summary: This review discusses the pro- and anticancer immune responses in the tumor immune microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and explores their potential for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Article
Oncology
Mundla Srilatha, Ramarao Malla, Megha Priya Adem, Jeremy B. Foote, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju
Summary: Obesity is closely associated with pancreatic health, and obese individuals have an increased risk for developing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Factors such as chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, immune suppression, hormone level changes, and genetic mutations contribute to the development and progression of PDAC in obese individuals.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hweixian Leong Penny, Je Lin Sieow, Sin Yee Gun, Mai Chan Lau, Bernett Lee, Jasmine Tan, Cindy Phua, Florida Toh, Yvonne Nga, Wei Hseun Yeap, Baptiste Janela, Dilip Kumar, Hao Chen, Joe Yeong, Justin A. Kenkel, Angela Pang, Diana Lim, Han Chong Toh, Tony Lim Kiat Hon, Christopher Johnson, Hanif Javanmard Khameneh, Alessandra Mortellaro, Edgar G. Engleman, Olaf Rotzschke, Florent Ginhoux, Jean-Pierre Abastado, Jinmiao Chen, Siew Cheng Wong
Summary: Inflammation in the tumor microenvironment promotes disease progression in PDAC. Macrophages from tumor-bearing individuals exhibit elevated glycolysis, and macrophage-specific deletion of GLUT1 reduces tumor burden significantly. Pharmacological inhibition of GLUT1 can decrease tumor burden and improve patient outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Rakesh Bhatia, Namita Bhyravbhatla, Andrew Kisling, Xiaoqi Li, Surinder K. Batra, Sushil Kumar
Summary: The tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) consists of various cell types that communicate through low molecular weight signaling molecules called cytokines. These cytokines play crucial roles in PDAC initiation, progression, metastasis, and colonization by malignant cells. They regulate the expression of oncogenic regulators and contribute to the formation of preneoplastic lesions, inflammation, deposition of extracellular matrix, and immunosuppression. During metastasis, cytokines are involved in the colonization of PDAC cells in the liver and lung. Therefore, understanding the role of cytokines in PDAC is important for the development of related therapies.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Nicole Lintern, Andrew M. Smith, David G. Jayne, Yazan S. Khaled
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is highly lethal with low survival rate. The resistance to current therapies is largely attributed to the dense tissue surrounding the cancer cells. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown potential in killing pancreatic cancer cells and altering the surrounding tissue.
Review
Oncology
Eric M. Anderson, Shant Thomassian, Jun Gong, Andrew Hendifar, Arsen Osipov
Summary: Pancreatic cancer, with its highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and dense stroma, presents challenges for traditional treatment approaches. Emerging treatment strategies have the potential to significantly improve outcomes for pancreatic cancer patients.
Review
Oncology
Ronnie Ren Jie Low, Wei Wen Lim, Paul M. Nguyen, Belinda Lee, Michael Christie, Antony W. Burgess, Peter Gibbs, Sean M. Grimmond, Frederic Hollande, Tracy L. Putoczki
Summary: PDO biobanks derived from PDAC patients have provided opportunities for developing new therapies and advancing our understanding of PDAC biology. Developing coculturing techniques for specific immune or stromal cell populations will help improve our understanding of the tumor microenvironment and its impact on treatment response.
Article
Oncology
Hung-Yuan Yu, Chung-Pin Li, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Shao-Jung Hsu, Yen-Po Wang, Yun-Cheng Hsieh, Wen-Liang Fang, Kuo-Hung Huang, Anna Fen-Yau Li, Rheun-Chuan Lee, Kang-Lung Lee, Yuan-Hung Wu, I-Chun Lai, Wan-Chin Yang, Yi-Ping Hung, Yu-Chao Wang, Shu-Hui Chen, Ming-Huang Chen, Yee Chao
Summary: Immunotherapy has shown benefits in selected cases of gastric cancer, with MSI-H and CPS >= 5 being useful biomarkers associated with better clinical responses and progression-free survival. EBER was only associated with improved outcomes in patients with CPS >= 1.
Article
Cell Biology
Chi-Shuan Fan, Chia-Chi Chen, Li-Li Chen, Kee Voon Chua, Hui-Chen Hung, John T-A Hsu, Tze-Sing Huang
Summary: This study found that extracellular HSP90α secreted from endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts can induce M2 polarization of macrophages and promote tumor growth. The signaling pathways involved in this process include CD91-TLR4-MyD88, IRAK1/4 IKKα/β-NF-κB/IRF3, and MyD88 JAK2/TYK2 STAT3 pathways.
Article
Oncology
Yuan-Hung Wu, Yi-Ping Hung, Nai-Chi Chiu, Rheun-Chuan Lee, Chung-Pin Li, Yee Chao, Yi-Ming Shyr, Shin-E Wang, Shih-Chin Chen, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Yi-Hsuan Chen, Yu-Mei Kang, Shih-Ming Hsu, Sang-Hue Yen, Jeng-You Wu, Kuan-Der Lee, Huey-En Tseng, Jia-Ruey Tsai, Jui-Hsiang Tang, Jeng-Fong Chiou, Thierry Burnouf, Yin-Ju Chen, Peng-Yuan Wang, Long-Sheng Lu
Summary: This study successfully expanded circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from liquid biopsies of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) using a laboratory-developed biomimetic cell culture system. Drug sensitivity profiles of CTC-derived organoid cultures correlated meaningfully with treatment response. This approach has the potential to be a predictive method for treatment response in PDAC patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tien-Hsin Wei, Bing-Wei Ye, Pei-Shan Wu, Chung-Pin Li, Yee Chao, Pei-Chang Lee, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Kuei-Chuan Lee, Ming-Chih Hou
Summary: This study found that self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) placement is a safe and effective treatment for malignant duodenal obstruction. Chemotherapy after SEMS implantation improves the survival rate for these patients, while a longer length of stenosis predicts higher mortality.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Yi-Hsin Yang, Chen-Hao Wu, Nai-Jung Chiang, Yan-Shen Shan, Li-Yuan Bai, Chung-Pin Li, Jen-Shi Chen, Li-Tzong Chen
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yung-Yeh Su, Nai-Jung Chiang, Chung-Pin Li, Chia-Jui Yen, Shih-Hung Yang, Wen-Chi Chou, Jen-Shi Chen, Tai-Jan Chiu, Yen-Yang Chen, Shih-Chang Chuang, Li-Yuan Bai, Chang-Fang Chiu, Cheng-Ming Peng, De-Chuan Chan, Sz-Chi Chiu, Yi-Hsin Yang, Yan-Shen Shan, Li-Tzong Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of early cumulative dose administration and dosing pattern of liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil/leucovorin (nal-IRI+5-FU/LV) in gemcitabine-refractory metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) patients. The results suggest that a lower starting dose followed by a re-escalation strategy can achieve clinical outcomes comparable to those with standard starting doses in real-world practice.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Margaret A. Tempero, Uwe Pelzer, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Jordan Winter, Do-Youn Oh, Chung-Pin Li, Giampaolo Tortora, Heung-Moon Chang, Charles D. Lopez, Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Andrew H. Ko, Armando Santoro, Joon Oh Park, Marcus S. Noel, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Yan-Shen Shan, Andrew Dean, Hanno Riess, Eric Van Cutsem, Jordan Berlin, Philip Philip, Malcolm Moore, David Goldstein, Josep Tabernero, Mingyu Li, Stefano Ferrara, Yvan Le Bruchec, George Zhang, Brian Lu, Andrew V. Biankin, Michele Reni
Summary: In this randomized, open-label trial, adjuvant nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine was compared with gemcitabine alone for resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The study found that although nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine showed favorable overall survival, it did not meet the primary endpoint of independently assessed disease-free survival.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yung-Yeh Su, Nai-Jung Chiang, Yi-Hsin Yang, Chia-Jui Yen, Li-Yuan Bai, Chang-Fang Chiu, Shih-Chang Chuang, Shih-Hung Yang, Wen-Chi Chou, Jen-Shi Chen, Tai-Jan Chiu, Yen-Yang Chen, De-Chuan Chan, Cheng-Ming Peng, Sz-Chi Chiu, Chung-Pin Li, Yan-Shen Shan, Li-Tzong Chen
Summary: The NAPOLI-1 nomogram, derived from a previous study, can predict the overall survival in gemcitabine-refractory metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil and leucovorin, and the timing and dose of treatment are important factors affecting prognosis.
Article
Oncology
Yen-Feng Chiu, Tsang-Wu Liu, Yan-Shen Shan, Jen-Shi Chen, Chung-Pin Li, Ching-Liang Ho, Ruey-Kuen Hsieh, Tsann-Long Hwang, Li-Tzong Chen, Hui-Ju Chang
Summary: The predictive value of CA19-9 in adjuvant chemotherapy for resected PDAC was explored. The study found that CA19-9 response can predict survival and distant failure of PDAC after resection, but it cannot select patients suited for additional adjuvant CRT. Monitoring CA19-9 levels during adjuvant therapy may guide therapeutic decisions to prevent distant failure in postoperative PDAC patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Takuji Okusaka, David Goldstein, Do-Youn Oh, Makoto Ueno, Tatsuya Ioka, Weijia Fang, Eric C. Anderson, Marcus S. Noel, Michele Reni, Hye Jin Choi, Jonathan S. Goldberg, Sang Cheul Oh, Chung-Pin Li, Josep Tabernero, Jian Li, Emma Foos, Cindy Oh, Eric Van Cutsem
Summary: In an open-label phase 3 study, it was found that the addition of napabucasin to nab-paclitaxel with gemcitabine did not improve efficacy in patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). However, the safety profile of napabucasin was consistent with previous reports. This study reinforced the value of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as a platform for novel therapeutic approaches in mPDAC.
Article
Oncology
E. Gabriela Chiorean, Vincent Picozzi, Chung-Pin Li, Marc Peeters, Joan Maurel, Jaswinder Singh, Talia Golan, Jean-Frederic Blanc, Sonya C. Chapman, Anwar M. Hussain, Erica L. Johnston, Howard S. Hochster
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of abemaciclib alone or in combination with other drugs in treating patients with PDAC. The results showed that abemaciclib-based therapy did not improve disease control rates or progression-free survival compared to standard of care chemotherapy, and none of the treatment arms advanced to Stage 2.
Article
Oncology
Nai-Jung Chiang, Yan-Shen Shan, Chung-Pin Li, Shih-Hung Yang, Yung-Yeh Su, Sz-Chi Chiu, Li-Yuan Bai, Shih-Chang Chuang, De-Chuan Chan, Chia-Jui Yen, Cheng-Ming Peng, Tai-Jan Chiu, Yen-Yang Chen, Jen-Shi Chen, Wen-Chi Chou
Summary: This study analyzed the treatment approach of liposomal irinotecan plus 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and examined the impact of starting dose and dose escalation on patient outcomes and toxicity profiles. The results showed that dose escalation led to significantly longer treatment cycles and improved survival in patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Wungki Park, Eileen Mary O'Reilly, Junji Furuse, Chung-Pin Li, Do-Youn Oh, Rocio Garcia-Carbonero, Gael Roth, Ho-Jin Lee, Futoshi Kunieda
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yen-Yang Chen, Shun-Wen Hsueh, Shih-Hung Yang, Sz-Chi Chiu, Nai-Jung Chiang, Tai-Jan Chiu, Chung-Pin Li, Li-Yuan Bai, Chang-Fang Chiu, Shih-Chang Chuang, Yan-Shen Shan, De-Chuan Chan, Li-Tzong Chen, Chia-Jui Yen, Cheng-Ming Peng, Jen-Shi Chen, Wen-Chi Chou
Summary: Combining albumin with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as the albumin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio score (ANS) can serve as a simple tool to predict survival and safety profiles in PDAC patients refractory to gemcitabine-based therapy. Higher ANS scores are associated with shorter overall survival and higher incidence of treatment-related adverse events.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Ya-Ting Chang, Ying-Ying Yang, Chung-Pin Li, Chen-Huan Chen
Summary: A study in Taiwan compared the patient care skills of postgraduate residents who learned under a new 6-year medical program to those who learned under a previous 7-year program. The study found that residents trained in the new program had higher scores in clinical reasoning and overall skills. However, residents educated in the previous system showed greater improvement in clinical reasoning. The new program emphasized clinical thinking and improved residents' clinical skills.
JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL EVALUATION FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONS
(2022)