Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiurun Yu, Yi Huang
Summary: The all-sky Aerosol Direct Radiative Effect (ADRE) varies considerably among global climate models (GCMs) due to differences in aerosol and atmospheric states and the sensitivity of ADRE to aerosol-related radiative processes. This study uses a regression method to analyze the inter-model spread of ADRE in the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects (CMIP6), finding that differences in state variables and radiative sensitivity explain a significant portion of the global ADRE anomaly. The primary factors driving the ADRE anomaly vary among models, leading to spatial variance in global ADRE spread.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Tyler J. Thorsen, David M. Winker, Richard A. Ferrare
Summary: This study quantified the lower bound of uncertainty in observational estimates of global aerosol direct radiative effect and direct radiative forcing, finding that most previous studies have underestimated the uncertainty. The potential reduction in observational uncertainty with future satellite observations leveraging aerosol typing and refined vertical information was also discussed.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alok Kumar Pandey, Pawan Kumar Singh, Muhammad Nawaz, Amrendra Kumar Kushwaha
Summary: Renewable energy plays an important role in providing reliable power supplies and diversifying fuel sources, while also helping to conserve natural resources. Solar energy has become increasingly prominent in India. This study forecasts the development of renewable energy and finds that wind power is growing faster than hydropower, solar energy, and bioenergy.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
W. Lin, L. Bi, F. Weng, Z. Li, O. Dubovik
Summary: A comprehensive dust-particle geometry model is crucial for accurate computations in radiative transfer simulations and remote sensing applications. This study introduces a superspheroidal model for simulating polarized radiation at TOA under dusty-sky conditions and finds that it outperforms the spheroidal model with an additional degree of freedom. The concave superspheroidal model with large roundness parameters shows favorable performances in fitting the angular distribution of polarized radiance, suggesting its potential applicability for polarized remote sensing applications.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael r. Needham, David a. Randalla
Summary: In this study, a large group of climate model simulations from 1850 to 2014 were analyzed, and it was found that historical pollution changed the way heat was transported from the tropics to Earth's poles. This change in heat transport was also observed when analyzing an atmospheric reanalysis, which combines many meteorological observations into a best estimate of the past climate state. The reflection of sunlight from polluted clouds cooled the Northern Hemisphere, leading to more heat transport out of the tropics. However, pollution emitted from China and India in recent decades did not result in a change in Earth's heat transport due to counteracting changes in snow and ice in the Northern Hemisphere.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shih-Wei Wei, Cheng-Hsuan (Sarah) Lu, Benjamin T. Johnson, Cheng Dang, Patrick Stegmann, Dustin Grogan, Guoqing Ge, Ming Hu
Summary: This study investigates the impacts of aerosols on the sensitivity of IR radiance simulations, Jacobians, and analysis increments. The results show that dust aerosols have the strongest cooling effect on simulated BTs under similar aerosol optical depths, and that BTs and Jacobians are most sensitive to aerosol loading and peak altitude. Additionally, aerosol-induced differences in atmospheric Jacobians lead to significant changes in temperature and moisture increments.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pei Zhou, Yang Wang, Jane Liu, Linglin Xu, Xiang Chen, Likun Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the difference between global and regional aerosol models and their impact on satellite AOD retrieval. It found that aerosols can be classified into five types with different optical and physical parameters. The regional aerosol model performed better than the global model in simulating air pollution events and AOD.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Business
Chao Liang, Muhammad Umar, Feng Ma, Toan L. D. Huynh
Summary: This paper uses the GARCH-MIDAS model to explore the predictive power of climate policy uncertainty on the volatility of renewable energy, and introduces other uncertainty indices for discussion. The results show that climate policy exhibits a strong ability to predict the volatility of renewable energy.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilias Fountoulakis, Kyriakoula Papachristopoulou, Emmanouil Proestakis, Vassilis Amiridis, Charalampos Kontoes, Stelios Kazadzis
Summary: Default aerosol extinction coefficient profiles are commonly used instead of measured profiles in radiative transfer modeling, increasing the uncertainties in the simulations. The present study aimed to determine the magnitude of these uncertainties and contribute towards the understanding of the complex interactions between aerosols and solar radiation. Using measured instead of default profiles for the simulations led to more significant differences in the atmosphere, especially during dust episodes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chloe Radice, Helene Brogniez, Pierre-Emmanuel Kirstetter, Philippe Chambon
Summary: This study presents a novel method of comparing an atmospheric model and satellite probabilistic estimates of relative humidity using probability density functions. It shows the need for a finer assessment at the individual case level to characterize specific situations beyond the classical bulk comparison using deterministic best reference estimates. The probabilistic comparison allows for a more contrasted assessment than the deterministic one, highlighting the shortcomings of the Gaussian assumption of the reference distributions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Igor B. Konovalov, Nikolai A. Golovushkin, Matthias Beekmann, Guillaume Siour, Tatyana B. Zhuravleva, Ilmir M. Nasrtdinov, Irina N. Kuznetsova
Summary: Shortcomings and uncertainties in the model representation of organic aerosol (OA) aging have been identified as a potential source of uncertainty in OA simulations. This study focuses on the importance of model representation of OA for simulating the radiative effect of Siberian BB aerosol in the eastern Arctic.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yanxia Tang, Xiaochuan Liu, Xiaohang Wang, Keyong Zhu, Yong Huang
Summary: Research on the polarized radiative transfer of black carbon (BC) aerosol particles is important for climate change monitoring. However, existing studies have not considered the effects of complex morphology and heterogeneity of BC aerosol particles. This study proposes a general method for calculating the polarized radiative transfer of heterogeneous BC aerosol particles with arbitrary coating shapes. The results show that coating shapes, volumes, and wavelengths significantly affect the polarized radiative transfer characteristics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chi Zhang, Ran Li, Zhong Zhang, Canbing Li, Yuankai Bian, Furong Li
Summary: Energy forecasting at the individual level is a technical barrier for the P2P energy market. This paper proposes a method based on hierarchical energy forecasting to reduce the energy imbalances caused by forecasting errors. The paper introduces a novel closed-loop clustering algorithm that aligns clustering and imbalance reduction through a feedback mechanism. The results show that the proposed method could reduce up to 25.70% energy imbalance compared to individual trading, with minor impact from network constraints.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
H. Chen-Chen, S. Perez-Hoyos, A. Sanchez-Lavega
Summary: The study evaluates the radiative effects of dust aerosol on Mars, finding that the highly efficient two-stream methods provide accurate estimations under low-to-medium dust opacity scenarios, but errors increase with opacity; the size of dust particles has a significant impact on radiative forcing estimations, while the shape of particles has a minor influence.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Karim Ali, David m. Schultz, Alistair Revell, Timothy Stallard, Pablo Ouro
Summary: To simulate the large-scale impacts of wind farms, parameterizations of wind turbines were implemented in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model v4.3.3. Simulation results were verified against various measurements for operational wind farms in the North Sea. The different parameterizations showed variations in the prediction of turbulence, wind speed deficits, and power generation, highlighting the need for improved prediction of near-surface wind speed, temperature, and turbulence in wind-farm parameterizations. The study also revealed that wakes from offshore wind farms can extend significant distances and reduce downwind power production.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Seyed Mohsen Hashem Zadeh, Maryam Ghodrat, Kasra Ayoubi Ayoubloo, Nima Sedaghatizadeh, Robert A. Taylor
Summary: This study numerically analysed the performance of a circular LHTES under partial charging/discharging modes, revealing the significant impact of the angle and thickness of metal foam sheets on the charging/discharging process. The configuration with maximum complete charging power may not exhibit the best performance during partial charging, and a Y-shaped design can achieve optimal performance by charging in the upright orientation and then rotating 60 degrees.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
N. O. Bell, J. I. Bilbao, M. Kay, A. B. Sproul
Summary: This study aims to assess traditional HVAC system sizing methods under extreme conditions by using extreme weather datasets in building simulation, investigate the impact of climate change on energy use, peak demand, and thermal comfort for commercial buildings, and propose methods for future-proofing HVAC system design against climate change impacts across the most populated global climates.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Lina Stein, S. Karthik Mukkavilli, Thorsten Wagener
Summary: This article provides recommendations for authors and journals on writing future-proof articles that contribute to knowledge accumulation and synthesis in a field like hydrology.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Nouman Rafique Mirza, Debra Fernandes, Qiyuan Li, Amr Omar, Shuaifei Zhao, Zongli Xie, Robert Taylor, Jessica Allen, Paul Feron
Summary: In this study, the integration of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) with direct air capture (DAC) process was evaluated as a sustainable combined water-CO2 recovery approach. Four different VMD modules were used in the experiments, and the results showed that a commercially available LiquiCel module and a custom-made hollow fiber module were the most durable and produced the highest distillate fluxes. These modules also exhibited high removal rates of salinity, dissolved oxygen, and showed some basic species moving across the membranes. Furthermore, the results indicated that coupling DAC with VMD represents a viable pathway for sustainably reclaiming water from industrial processes and carbon capture systems for power plants.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
David Saldivia, Robert A. Taylor
Summary: This study investigates a novel rotating receiver-storage unit that could enable high-temperature concentrated solar thermal (CST) plants. The design, using cast steel as the storage medium, achieves >70% receiver efficiency for operation temperatures of 850-1000 K. This design is best for relatively small CST systems and can be effectively employed as an efficient peaking plant.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Peter Ellersdorfer, Amr Omar, Robert A. Taylor, Rahman Daiyan, Greg Leslie
Summary: The study compares the water demands and operating costs of a solar-driven electrolyser facility using reverse osmosis or low-temperature multi-effect distillation. The results show that low-temperature multi-effect distillation has lower costs and produces surplus water for other uses. This suggests that thermal desalination is a compelling option for large-scale production of green hydrogen.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Alejandra Isaza, Merlinde Kay, Jason P. Evans, Abhnil Prasad, Stephen Bremner
Summary: The Black Summer bushfires in 2019-2020 had significant impacts on health, wildlife, and infrastructure in eastern Australia. The smoke-related aerosols generated from these fires also had a negative effect on solar energy production. This study examines the effects of high particulate matter (PM) concentrations on photovoltaic (PV) energy production in New South Wales during the bushfire season, finding that polluted conditions led to reductions in PV generation, especially in areas near the burning bushfires. High-speed winds carried the smoke hundreds of kilometers, affecting air quality and PV energy generation in Sydney.
Article
Thermodynamics
Long Xu, Moucun Yang, Xinhe Wang, Kelong Diao, Yuezhao Zhu, Robert Taylor
Summary: In order to reduce carbon emissions in the energy sector, a hybrid renewable energy system was studied, which consists of wind, solar, and biogas-fueled combined cooling, heating, and power components. The system's thermal and electrical energy are closely linked, making it challenging to optimize. To address this issue, a novel approach combining orthogonal design and intelligent algorithms was proposed to optimize the capacity of each unit within the system. The results showed significant cost reduction and emission reduction rate increase compared to the optimal orthogonal capacity, and taking into account part-load operation and local resource endowment further improved the system's comprehensive value and reduced investment cost.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Bai Liu, Dazhi Yang, Martin Janos Mayer, Carlos F. M. Coimbra, Jan Kleissl, Merlinde Kay, Wenting Wang, Jamie M. Bright, Xiang'ao Xia, Xin Lv, Dipti Srinivasan, Yan Wu, Hans Georg Beyerj, Gokhan Mert Yagli, Yanbo Shenl
Summary: Current solar forecast verification processes mainly focus on performance comparison of competing methods. However, it is important to evaluate the best method relative to the best-possible performance under specific forecasting situations, and quantify predictability and forecast skill. Unfortunately, there is a lack of literature on the quantification of relative performance of solar irradiance, and few studies on the spatial distributions of predictability and forecast skill. This study quantifies and maps the predictability and forecast skill of solar irradiance in the United States, refutes misconceptions, and revives the formulation of skill score.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shukla Poddar, Jason P. Evans, Merlinde Kay, Abhnil Prasad, Stephen Bremner
Summary: Increasing levels of photovoltaic penetration pose challenges to the grid design and operation due to its vulnerability to climate change. This study characterizes future solar power ramps across Australia up to 2100 using climate projections. Results show a reduction in ramp magnitude with changes in frequency and period length varying by location. The findings emphasize the importance of considering future climate changes when designing large-scale solar farms to ensure reliable power supply through frequency control devices and storage plans.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ehsan Golab, Behzad Vahedi, Ankur Jain, Robert A. Taylor, Kambiz Vafai
Summary: This study investigates the potential of NEPCM mixtures in convective heat transfer and exergy losses. The effect of various parameters on the melting process, heat transfer, and exergy losses is evaluated. The findings show that NEPCM can enhance heat transfer rate, but it also increases exergy losses. However, an optimal value of omega = 0.02 provides a reasonable improvement in heat transfer with no exergy losses. The location of the phase change and the mass concentration of NEPCM substantially affect the percentage of molten NEPCM and the latent heat efficacy.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiyuan Li, Lixue Jiang, Gan Huang, Da-Wei Wang, Jack Shepherd, Rahman Daiyan, Christos N. Markides, Robert A. Taylor, Jason Scott
Summary: A solar-driven system is proposed for hydrogen production from waste biomass with low carbon and water footprints. The system consists of a waste biomass concentrator, a biomass preconditioning reactor integrated with hybrid PV-thermal collectors, and a flow electrolysis cell equipped with a high-performance electrode. The system achieved an overall solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 7.5% and also produced clean water and a value-added chemical by-product. This work presents a new route towards efficient and economically feasible renewable hydrogen production.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
David Rolnick, Priya L. Donti, Lynn H. Kaack, Kelly Kochanski, Alexandre Lacoste, Kris Sankaran, Andrew Slavin Ross, Nikola Milojevic-Dupont, Natasha Jaques, Anna Waldman-Brown, Alexandra Sasha Luccioni, Tegan Maharaj, Evan D. Sherwin, S. Karthik Mukkavilli, Konrad P. Kording, Carla P. Gomes, Andrew Y. Ng, Demis Hassabis, John C. Platt, Felix Creutzig, Jennifer Chayes, Yoshua Bengio
Summary: This article discusses the importance of machine learning in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and helping society adapt to climate change. It identifies existing gaps and proposes solutions and opportunities.
ACM COMPUTING SURVEYS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Energy & Fuels
Amr Omar, David Saldivia, Amir Nashed, Qiyuan Li, Robert A. Taylor
Summary: The study finds that sCO(2)-MED cogeneration plants are a promising sustainable technological solution for the energy-water nexus. The approach can achieve lower energy consumption without significantly reducing thermal efficiency for low water production levels. Economic sustainability is mainly influenced by electricity costs and direct normal irradiance resources, with minimal impact from seawater pumping costs.
SOLARPACES 2020 - 26TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER AND CHEMICAL ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2022)