Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Poyu Chen, Hsin-Yi Hung, Joshua Oon Soo Goh
Summary: This study examines age-related differences in the temporal dynamics of neural processing in decision-making. Using a lottery-choice task and event-related potentials, the researchers found that younger adults showed greater P2 ERP-response positivity and later P3 positivity, which increased with win probability. Older adults displayed lower P2 responses and P3 amplitudes, with higher positivity for extreme win probabilities. Both age groups exhibited similar reward prediction error representations and salience integration. However, older adults showed more complex sensitivity to expectancy violations, indicating subjective uncertainty about reward expectations. The findings suggest that older adults' risk-taking behaviors may be influenced by reduced early neural processing of objective stimulus value and increased reliance on subjective processes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Marlies Gillis, Jill Kries, Maaike Vandermosten, Tom Francart
Summary: Through EEG measurements on 52 normal-hearing adults, the study examined the effects of aging on speech processing. The results showed that linguistic speech processing declines with age, as well as acoustic neural tracking. However, older adults had shorter latencies for early acoustic responses to speech. These findings may reflect structural and/or functional changes associated with aging.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Luca Rapino, Ling Liu, Arianna Dinosio, Francesco Ripamonti, Roberto Corradi, Simone Baro
Summary: This paper discusses a statistical modeling approach for identifying and processing noise-related tyre/road parameters in order to support the design of quieter products. The workflow for developing a statistical tyre/road noise model is described and applied to predict sound intensity levels in indoor tests. Input and output data measurement and processing are discussed to create a suitable database. The proposed approach is tested using a neural network, showing potential in parameter selection and feature extraction.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Yuanyi Zheng, Panke Gao, Xiaoqing Li
Summary: This study investigated whether musical expertise enhances high-level lexical-semantic prediction in speech comprehension in noisy backgrounds. The results showed that musicians had stronger predictive processing and faster response to noun predictability compared to nonmusicians. This suggests that musical expertise enhances lexical-semantic predictive processing in speech-in-noise comprehension.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yang Gao, Pingqi Zhao, Guofa Li, Hao Li
Summary: The study uses machine learning to attenuate random noise in seismic data via a signal reconstruction strategy. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms traditional methods, confirming its feasibility and applicability in seismic data processing.
GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lechuan Li, Chonghao Zhang, Shiyu Liu, Hannah Guan, Yu Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a neural network model that uses Spearman correlation for feature pre-processing, which outperforms traditional linear models and other neural network models in predicting aging. The study also discovers the associations between epigenetic age and schizophrenia, as well as Down Syndrome.
IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Manal R. Abd-Elhamied, Wael A. Hashima, Sherien ElKateb, Ibrahim Elhawary, Adel El-Geiheini
Summary: Machine learning and computer vision technologies were used to evaluate textile quality, analyzing different parameters through image processing and artificial neural networks for ring-spun and compact cotton yarns.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rachel M. Brown, Stefan L. K. Gruijters, Sonja A. Kotz
Summary: This article explores a hypothesis about cognitive aging, suggesting that the aging brain becomes more effective at prediction compared to learning. By integrating evidence from behavioral, computational, and neurological domains, the authors provide potential explanations, including evolutionary models and principles of senescence and plasticity. The authors discuss potential reasons for the learning-to-prediction shift, such as the optimization of resource allocation and late-life knowledge transfer.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Simon G. J. Dobri, Bernhard Ross
Summary: The study revealed that older adults have lower GABA levels compared to young adults, and the GABA level in the right auditory cortex is associated with age and performance in noisy environments. The relationship between age and hearing loss in older adults is partially moderated by the GABA level in the right auditory cortex.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jesse A. Harris
Summary: Research in linguistics, psychology, and philosophy suggests that speakers and hearers are sensitive to perspectives and viewpoints that are not their own, even though perspectival information is not directly encoded in languages like English. The paper presents a model of perspective discourse processing based on economy principles, where perspectives may shift from a speaker-default to a non-speaker perspective if contextual cues are provided. The model's predictions are tested in studies manipulating attitude report forms and sentence tense, exploring implications for processing perspective in speech and narrative forms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Tjerk T. Dercksen, Maria V. Stuckenberg, Erich Schroger, Nicole Wetzel, Andreas Widmann
Summary: This study investigated the influence of stimulus repetition on the elicitation of the prediction error signal and found that higher-level associations applied in a top-down manner are involved in the generation of the prediction error signal, independent from local contingencies.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Alice Foucart, Robert J. Hartsuiker
Summary: The study found that the speaker's identity as perceived from voice impacts semantic processing, with foreign accents leading to reduced N100 and P200 responses compared to native accents. Processing of sentences containing unknown information or knowledge violations differed between native and foreign conditions, suggesting shallower processing of foreign-accented speech. Additionally, N100 was a significant predictor for N400, indicating a relationship between early voice processing and later semantic processing.
Article
Acoustics
Sang-Kwon Lee, Hwajin Lee, Jiseon Back, Kanghyun An, Youngsam Yoon, Kiho Yum, Sungdae Kim, Sung-Uk Hwang
Summary: In this study, a method using convolutional neural network (CNN) for predicting tire pattern noise based on unsupervised training was developed. The research showed that the RMSProp algorithm is recommended for the CNN model, and the trained CNN can effectively predict tire pattern noise in the early design stage.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hatice Varol Ozkavak, Murat Ince, Ezgi Eylem Bicakli
Summary: Al alloys have wide applications but suffer from lower strength compared to steels. Heat treatment, specifically aging heat treatment, is applied to increase their strength. Determining the appropriate temperature and time values requires numerous experiments. Therefore, artificial intelligence methods have been employed to predict the mechanical properties of materials. This study aims to determine the change in mechanical properties of AA 2024 material after aging using machine learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural network (CNN), artificial neural network (ANN), and random forest regression (RFR).
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jing Sun, Song Hou
Summary: This study explores the performance of deep neural network methods on synthetic data and finds that injecting random noise into the input and output channels can improve global feature learning and preserve data information, proposing a new method to enhance signal fidelity in seismic signal separation tasks.
GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Megan A. Boudewyn, Debra L. Long, Matthew J. Traxler, Tyler A. Lesh, Shruti Dave, George R. Mangun, Cameron S. Carter, Tamara Y. Swaab
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2015)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Shruti Dave, Trevor A. Brothers, Matthew J. Traxler, Fernanda Ferreira, John M. Henderson, Tamara Y. Swaab
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Trevor Brothers, Shruti Dave, Liv J. Hoversten, Matthew J. Traxler, Tamara Y. Swaab
Article
Neurosciences
Shruti Dave, Stephen VanHaerents, Joel L. Voss
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Shruti Dave, Trevor Brothers, Liv J. Hoversten, Matthew J. Traxler, Tamara Y. Swaab
Summary: This study examined the flexibility of prediction in young and older adults regarding global contextual cues. Young adults were able to adapt local predictive processes based on cues provided by the global communicative environment, while older adults did not show the same flexibility. Cognitive control played a crucial role in mediating age-related reductions in sensitivity to global contextual cues.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Shruti Dave, Ann M. Mastergeorge, Lesley B. Olswang
JOURNAL OF CHILD LANGUAGE
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.
