Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhou Liu, Peter Julius, Guobin Kang, John T. West, Charles Wood
Summary: This study investigated the subtype C HIV-1 reservoirs and found variations in quantity and distribution of proviral copies, primarily detected in secondary lymphoid tissues. Unlike subtype B, subtype C provirus and HIV-1 RNA were rarely detectable in the central nervous system. In addition, HIV-1 RNA was detected in peripheral lymphoid tissues, and the appendix was identified as a potential previously unreported treatment-resistant reservoir for subtype C HIV-1.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Silvere D. Zaongo, Yue Wang, Ping Ma, Fang-Zhou Song, Yao-Kai Chen
Summary: Recent research has introduced a promising alternative therapeutic option for HIV/AIDS, known as selective elimination of host cells capable of producing HIV (SECH). This approach requires the simultaneous administration of drugs targeting specific cells to efficiently eliminate HIV replication-competent cellular reservoirs. However, there are still three major challenges that may restrict the application of the SECH strategy in HIV/AIDS patients.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Michelle K. Ash, Lena Al-Harthi, Jeffrey R. Schneider
Summary: Advances in antiretroviral therapy have prolonged the lives of people living with HIV by reducing viral levels, but challenges remain in eradicating the virus due to significant reservoirs in the central nervous system. Astraycytes and microglia in the CNS have been shown to harbor HIV even with treatment, emphasizing the need for optimization of curative strategies. Measuring the latent HIV reservoir and addressing neuroinflammation in the brain are crucial in developing effective treatment options for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.
Article
Biology
Ting Guo, Zhipeng Qiu, Kosaku Kitagawa, Shingo Iwami, Libin Rong
Summary: The study suggests that including both sequential cell-free virus infection and cell-to-cell transmission can well explain HIV multiple infection. Numerical simulations show that the majority of T cell infections are attributed to cell-to-cell transmission, which also accounts for more than half of cell's multiple infections.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haruki Kitamura, Sayaka Sukegawa, Kouki Matsuda, Kousuke Tanimoto, Takuya Kobayakawa, Kazuho Takahashi, Hirokazu Tamamura, Kiyoto Tsuchiya, Hiroyuki Gatanaga, Kenji Maeda, Hiroaki Takeuchi
Summary: Combinational antiretroviral therapy (cART) successfully suppresses viral load but fails to eliminate HIV-1 reservoirs. "Shock and Kill" strategy using latently-reversing agents (LRAs) is being developed to reactivate latent HIV-1 and induce cell death. This study identified 4-phenylquinoline-8-amine (PQA) as a novel LRA candidate that effectively reactivated HIV-1 and induced cell death in latently-infected cells.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Polymer Science
Leila Fotooh Abadi, Fouad Damiri, Mehrukh Zehravi, Rohit Joshi, Rohan Pai, Mohammed Berrada, Ehab El Sayed Massoud, Md Habibur Rahman, Satish Rojekar, Simona Cavalu
Summary: This article discusses the challenges in eradicating HIV infection completely, the limitations of current drug delivery systems, and introduces novel drug delivery strategies including nanotechnology-based approaches that have potential to target HIV reservoir sites for better treatment outcomes.
Article
Virology
Cristina Ceriani, Gabrielle S. Streeter, Kena J. Lemu, Katherine S. James, Simon Ghofrani, Brigitte Allard, Bonnie E. Shook-Sa, David M. Margolis, Nancie M. Archin
Summary: The study evaluated the stability of reference genes (RGs) after latency-reversing agent (LRA) exposure and found that TBP, UBE2D2, and RPL27A were the most stable RGs, while GAPDH showed the most variability. Using unstable RGs significantly impacted the accuracy of host gene and HIV gene expression data.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Azhar Iqbal Kashif Butt, Muhammad Imran, Javeria Aslam, Saira Batool, Saira Batool
Summary: In this article, a new nonlinear model is proposed to study the dynamics of the Hepatitis B Virus disease, with a focus on preventive measures such as vaccination and hospitalization. Mathematical properties of the model are proven, equilibrium points are determined, and various control strategies are presented and discussed. The effectiveness of these strategies is evaluated using MATLAB simulations.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luz del Carmen Garcia-Rodriguez, Juan Prado-Olivarez, Rosario Guzman-Cruz, Martin Antonio Rodriguez-Licea, Alejandro Israel Barranco-Gutierrez, Francisco Javier Perez-Pinal, Alejandro Espinosa-Calderon
Summary: This article analyzes the most relevant mathematical models for estimating photosynthesis and discusses their formulation, complexity, validation, number of samples, units of the input/output variables, and invasiveness in the estimation method.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gabriela Turk, Kyra Seiger, Xiaodong Lian, Weiwei Sun, Elizabeth M. Parsons, Ce Gao, Yelizaveta Rassadkina, Maria Laura Polo, Alejandro Czernikier, Yanina Ghiglione, Alejandra Vellicce, Joseph Varriale, Jun Lai, Yuko Yuki, Maureen Martin, Ajantha Rhodes, Sharon R. Lewin, Bruce D. Walker, Mary Carrington, Robert Siliciano, Janet Siliciano, Mathias Lichterfeld, Natalia Laufer, Xu G. Yu
Summary: The study evaluated persistent HIV-1 reservoir cells in an elite controller, revealing the absence of genome-intact and replication-competent HIV-1, suggesting a potential natural sterilizing cure of HIV-1 infection.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Sophia Y. Rong, Ting Guo, J. Tyler Smith, Xia Wang
Summary: HIV infection is a serious global public health problem, and the persistence of the virus despite long-term therapy can be explained by multiple infections and cell-to-cell spread. Mathematical modeling reveals that cell-to-cell spread plays a crucial role in the development of HIV multi-infection and low HIV persistence, shedding light on HIV pathogenesis and treatment strategies.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gui Liu, Nelly R. Mugo, Cara Bayer, Darcy White Rao, Maricianah Onono, Nyaradzo M. Mgodi, Zvavahera M. Chirenje, Betty W. Njoroge, Nicholas Tan, Elizabeth A. Bukusi, Ruanne Barnabas
Summary: Cervical cancer incidence is high in Kenya due to HIV and limited access to cancer prevention services. HPV vaccination can substantially reduce cervical cancer incidence in Kenya, particularly among women up to the age of 24.
Article
Immunology
Jillian S. Y. Lau, Deborah Cromer, Mykola Pinkevych, Sharon R. Lewin, Thomas A. Rasmussen, James H. McMahon, Miles P. Davenport
Summary: This study used mathematical models to explore ways to improve ATI study design to maximize statistical power and minimize risks to participants.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Virology
Priya Khetan, Yufeng Liu, Adit Dhummakupt, Deborah Persaud
Summary: This review provides a broad overview of key interventions aimed at reducing and controlling the latent reservoir in adults with HIV-1 and pediatric populations. The focus is primarily on early treatment in combination with broadly neutralizing antibodies. The review also summarizes current assays for measuring HIV-1 reservoirs and discusses their feasibility and considerations for studies involving children.
Article
Immunology
Lesley R. de Armas, Christina Gavegnano, Suresh Pallikkuth, Stefano Rinaldi, Li Pan, Emilie Battivelli, Eric Verdin, Ramzi T. Younis, Rajendra Pahwa, Sion L. Williams, Raymond F. Schinazi, Savita Pahwa
Summary: The study used the dual reporter virus HIVGKO to investigate latency establishment and maintenance in CD4(+) T cells, and analyzed latently infected cells using single cell technologies. The research found that JAK1/2 inhibitors could reduce HIV infection events and block HIV reactivation from latent cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Automation & Control Systems
Alma Y. Alanis, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
ANNUAL REVIEWS IN CONTROL
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Cesar Parra-Rojas, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Gustavo Hernandez-Mejia, Alma Y. Alanis, Miguel Hernandez-Gonzalez, Rolf Findeisen, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONTROL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
M. Hernandez-Gonzalez, M. V. Basin, E. A. Hernandez-Vargas
Summary: This paper introduces a method for identifying unknown discrete-time nonlinear systems using high-order neural networks and high-order sliding mode algorithms. The neural network model approximates system dynamics based on available system state information, and neural network weights are trained using the unscented Kalman filter and high-order sliding mode observer. A simulation example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Gustavo Hernandez-Mejia, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
Summary: The research team developed a stochastic model that successfully represents antibody cross-reactive data and validated it with cross-reaction data of different influenza strains. They found that changes in time of infection and the B-cells population are important for successful antibody cross-reaction, while the affinity threshold of B-cells between consecutive infections is a necessary condition.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Karin Sasaki, Dunja Bruder, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2020)
Review
Biology
Josephine N. A. Tetteh, Franziska Matthaeus, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
Article
Biology
Gustavo Hernandez-Mejia, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Alejandro L. Anderson, Pablo Abuin, Antonio Ferramosca, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas, Alejandro H. Gonzalez
Summary: The main contribution of this article is to provide the key concept of cyclic control equilibria and explain why typical permanence regions are not effective control targets for switched systems under waiting-time constraints. The theoretical results and proposed algorithm are tested through illustrative examples and simulation results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas, Gustavo Hernandez-Mejia, Miguel Hernandez-Gonzalez
Summary: This paper presents the application of control theoretical approaches to schedule drug therapies for infectious diseases. It introduces the adaptation of inverse optimal control to positive impulsive systems in discrete-time for scheduling purposes. The properties of positive systems are utilized to simplify the control design. The feasibility of the control algorithms is demonstrated through case studies of influenza and COVID-19.
OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS & METHODS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Josephine N. A. Tetteh, Sorin Olaru, Hans Crauel, Esteban A. A. Hernandez-Vargas
Summary: Drug resistant pathogens pose a global public health threat and their control is a challenging task. A new health paradigm called sequential use of drugs has been proposed, where resistance to one drug leads to sensitivity to another drug, known as collateral sensitivity. Tailoring the order and time of drug cycling to the pathogen population in the host is crucial. Through abstracting mutation networks of collateral sensitivity based on switched systems, this study explores the control theoretical aspects and implications of collateral sensitivity on the eradication of drug-resistant pathogens. Numerical simulations demonstrate the potential of this approach to mitigate drug resistance or even eradicate pathogenic populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Nancy F. Ramirez, Daniel Rios-Rivera, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas, Alma Y. Alanis
Summary: This paper proposes an impulsive control scheme for a complex network to reduce the spread of influenza and COVID-19. A neural identifier is trained to provide the appropriate nonlinear model, and simulations with different parameter values are conducted.
Article
Biology
Rodolfo Blanco-Rodriguez, Fernanda Ordonez-Jimenez, Alexis Erich S. Almocera, Gustavo Chinney-Herrera, Esteban Hernandez-Vargas
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant public health threat, and questions remain regarding the role of the immune system in determining the severity of the disease. Using antibody kinetic data, topological data analysis (TDA) reveals that severity levels are not binary. Differences in the shape of antibody responses allow for classification of COVID-19 patients into non-severe, severe, and intermediate cases. Mathematical models were developed based on the TDA results to represent the dynamics between severity groups, with the best model identified using the Akaike Information Criterion. These findings suggest that different immune mechanisms contribute to the variations in severity, highlighting the importance of considering various components of the immune system in combating COVID-19.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mara Perez, Alejandro Anderson, Pablo Abuin, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas, Alejandro H. Gonzalez, Marcelo Actis
Summary: This letter investigates how waiting-time constraints can be incorporated into optimization-based control formulations for switched systems. By introducing hard constraints, the stability analysis is affected and concepts such as equilibrium and invariance sets are modified. The paper explores general regions in the state space where switched system trajectories under waiting-time constraints can remain indefinitely, introducing the concept of permanence as a replacement for invariance. The study provides explicit algorithms for computing these regions and applies them to the glucose regulation problem for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus patients as an example to illustrate its main properties.
IEEE CONTROL SYSTEMS LETTERS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Automation & Control Systems
Miguel Hernandez-Gonzalez, Gustavo Hernandez-Mejia, Alma Y. Alanis, Esteban A. Hernandez-Vargas
2019 18TH EUROPEAN CONTROL CONFERENCE (ECC)
(2019)