Intestinal microbiota: a potential target for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Alterations to the Gut Microbiome Impair Bone Strength and Tissue Material Properties

(2017) Jason D Guss et al.   JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH

A combination of soy isoflavones and cello-oligosaccharides changes equol/O-desmethylangolensin production ratio and attenuates bone fragility in ovariectomized mice

(2016) Shungo Fujii et al.   BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

Direct quantification of transendothelial electrical resistance in organs-on-chips

(2016) Marinke W. van der Helm et al.   BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS

The combined effects of soya isoflavones and resistant starch on equol production and trabecular bone loss in ovariectomised mice

(2016) Yuko Tousen et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

The Role of Probiotics in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Autophagy in Intestinal Epithelial Cells

(2016) Chaoqun Han et al.   CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

The effect of experimental osteoporosis on bone regeneration: part 2, proteomics results

(2016) E. Calciolari et al.   CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Regulate Cytokines and Th17/Treg Cells in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cellsin vitro

(2016) M. Asarat et al.   IMMUNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

Gut microbiota and inflammatory joint diseases

(2016) Maxime Breban   JOINT BONE SPINE

Sex steroid deficiency–associated bone loss is microbiota dependent and prevented by probiotics

(2016) Jau-Yi Li et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Antibiotic effects on gut microbiota and metabolism are host dependent

(2016) Shiho Fujisaka et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Phytoestrogen Metabolism by Adult Human Gut Microbiota

(2016) Pilar Gaya et al.   MOLECULES

Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

(2016) Dennis M. Black et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Association between the gut microbiota and diet: Fetal life, early childhood, and further life

(2016) Daria A. Kashtanova et al.   NUTRITION

Safety ofBifidobacterium breve(BBG-01) in preterm infants

(2016) Hiroyuki Kitajima et al.   PEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL

Gut microbiota induce IGF-1 and promote bone formation and growth

(2016) Jing Yan et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Gut bacteria that prevent growth impairments transmitted by microbiota from malnourished children

(2016) L. V. Blanton et al.   SCIENCE

Correlations of Host Genetics and Gut Microbiome Composition

(2016) Krystyna Dąbrowska et al.   Frontiers in Microbiology

Lifestyle and geographic insights into the distinct gut microbiota in elderly women from two different geographic locations

(2016) Ji-Hee Shin et al.   Journal of Physiological Anthropology

Bone Loss in Surgically Ovariectomized Premenopausal Women Is Associated With T Lymphocyte Activation and Thymic Hypertrophy

(2016) Saira Adeel et al.   JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE

Lactobacillus reuteri 6475 Increases Bone Density in Intact Females Only under an Inflammatory Setting

(2016) Fraser L. Collins et al.   PLoS One

Influence of differences in the hardness and calcium content of diets on the growth of craniofacial bone in rats

(2015) Shota Goto et al.   ANGLE ORTHODONTIST

Oestrogen regulates bone resorption and cytokine production in the maxillae of female mice

(2015) Soraia Macari et al.   ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY

Safety and acceptability of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis 35624 in Bangladeshi infants: a phase I randomized clinical trial

(2015) Yana Emmy Hoy-Schulz et al.   BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

The safety and feasibility of probiotics in children and adolescents undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation

(2015) E J Ladas et al.   BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION

Indigenous Bacteria from the Gut Microbiota Regulate Host Serotonin Biosynthesis

(2015) Jessica M. Yano et al.   CELL

Immune homeostasis, dysbiosis and therapeutic modulation of the gut microbiota

(2015) C. T. Peterson et al.   CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY

Immune–microbiota interactions in health and disease

(2015) Noah W. Palm et al.   CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

Bioactivation of Phytoestrogens: Intestinal Bacteria and Health

(2015) J. M. Landete et al.   CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Independent Effects of Growth Hormone on Growth Plate Chondrogenesis and Longitudinal Bone Growth

(2015) Shufang Wu et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Genetic and environmental control of host-gut microbiota interactions

(2015) Elin Org et al.   GENOME RESEARCH

Short-chain fatty acids produced by synbiotic mixtures in skim milk differentially regulate proliferation and cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

(2015) M. Asarat et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION

Effects of an equol-producing bacterium isolated from human faeces on isoflavone and lignan metabolism in mice

(2015) Motoi Tamura et al.   JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

Relationship between inflammation, the gut microbiota, and metabolic osteoarthritis development: studies in a rat model

(2015) K.H. Collins et al.   OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE

Pyrosequencing Analysis Reveals Changes in Intestinal Microbiota of Healthy Adults Who Received a Daily Dose of Immunomodulatory Probiotic Strains

(2015) Julio Plaza-Díaz et al.   Nutrients

Probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum) Increase Bone Mass Density and UpregulateSparcandBmp-2Genes in Rats with Bone Loss Resulting from Ovariectomy

(2015) Kolsoom Parvaneh et al.   Biomed Research International

Osteoimmunology: Major and Costimulatory Pathway Expression Associated with Chronic Inflammatory Induced Bone Loss

(2015) Tania N. Crotti et al.   Journal of Immunology Research

Diet, Gut Microbiome, and Bone Health

(2015) Connie M. Weaver   Current Osteoporosis Reports

Genome-Wide Association Studies of the Human Gut Microbiota

(2015) Emily R. Davenport et al.   PLoS One

Epithelial Adhesion Mediated by Pilin SpaC Is Required for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG-Induced Cellular Responses

(2014) Courtney S. Ardita et al.   APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Paracellular calcium transport across renal and intestinal epithelia

(2014) R. Todd Alexander et al.   Biochemistry and Cell Biology

The effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus hsryfm 1301 on the intestinal microbiota of a hyperlipidemic rat model

(2014) Dawei Chen et al.   BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Human Genetics Shape the Gut Microbiome

(2014) Julia K. Goodrich et al.   CELL

Altering the Intestinal Microbiota during a Critical Developmental Window Has Lasting Metabolic Consequences

(2014) Laura M. Cox et al.   CELL

454 pyrosequencing reveals changes in the faecal microbiota of adults consumingLactobacillus caseiZhang

(2014) Jiachao Zhang et al.   FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY

Equol promotes rat osteoblast proliferation and differentiation through activating estrogen receptor

(2014) J. Wang et al.   GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH

Pharmacokinetics of Equol, a Soy Isoflavone Metabolite, Changes with the Form of Equol (Dietary versus Intestinal Production) in Ovariectomized Rats

(2014) LeeCole L. Legette et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

ProbioticL. reuteriTreatment Prevents Bone Loss in a Menopausal Ovariectomized Mouse Model

(2014) Robert A. Britton et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

Associations of the Fecal Microbiome With Urinary Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites in Postmenopausal Women

(2014) Barbara J. Fuhrman et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Modulation of Fecal Clostridiales Bacteria and Butyrate by Probiotic Intervention with Lactobacillus paracasei DG Varies among Healthy Adults

(2014) Chiara Ferrario et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Dietary modulation of the microbiome affects autoinflammatory disease

(2014) John R. Lukens et al.   NATURE

The biomaterial-mediated healing of critical size bone defects in the ovariectomized rat

(2014) S. F. Durão et al.   OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL

Probiotics Protect Mice from Ovariectomy-Induced Cortical Bone Loss

(2014) Claes Ohlsson et al.   PLoS One

Short-Term Effect of Antibiotics on Human Gut Microbiota

(2014) Suchita Panda et al.   PLoS One

Fecal Bacterial Community Changes Associated with Isoflavone Metabolites in Postmenopausal Women after Soy Bar Consumption

(2014) Cindy H. Nakatsu et al.   PLoS One

The Associations of Serum Serotonin with Bone Traits Are Age- and Gender-Specific

(2014) Qin Wang et al.   PLoS One

Ethnic differences in calcium, phosphate and bone metabolism

(2014) J. Redmond et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY

Intestinal microbiota in health and disease: Role of bifidobacteria in gut homeostasis

(2014) Rafael Tojo   WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Autocrine and Paracrine Actions of IGF-I Signaling in Skeletal Development

(2014) Yongmei Wang et al.   Bone Research

Galacto-oligosaccharides increase calcium absorption and gut bifidobacteria in young girls: a double-blind cross-over trial

(2013) Corrie M. Whisner et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Symbiotic lactobacilli stimulate gut epithelial proliferationviaNox-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species

(2013) Rheinallt M Jones et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

(2013) Nelson Watts et al.   Endocrine Practice

Probiotic use decreases intestinal inflammation and increases bone density in healthy male but not female mice

(2013) Laura R. McCabe et al.   JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY

Possible role of S-equol on bone loss via amelioration of inflammatory indices in ovariectomized mice

(2013) Yoriko Nishide et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION

Isoflavone metabolism and bone-sparing effects of daidzein-metabolites

(2013) Mariko Uehara   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Increase the Level of Calbindin-D9k Messenger RNA in Caco-2 Cells

(2013) Akiko FUKUSHIMA et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY

The Effect of Different Amounts of Calcium Intake on Bone Metabolism and Arterial Calcification in Ovariectomized Rats

(2013) Umon AGATA et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE AND VITAMINOLOGY

High prevalence of increased interleukin-17A serum levels in postmenopausal estrogen deficiency

(2013) Ildikó Molnár et al.   MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY

IL-17A-mediated sRANK ligand elevation involved in postmenopausal osteoporosis

(2013) I. Molnár et al.   OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL

Quantitative Genetic Background of the Host Influences Gut Microbiomes in Chickens

(2013) Lele Zhao et al.   Scientific Reports

Associations between the human intestinal microbiota,Lactobacillus rhamnosusGG and serum lipids indicated by integrated analysis of high-throughput profiling data

(2013) Leo Lahti et al.   PeerJ

Temporal Changes in Bone Composition, Architecture, and Strength Following Estrogen Deficiency in Osteoporosis

(2012) Orlaith Brennan et al.   CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL

Calcium and bone

(2012) Kun Zhu et al.   CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

The induction of Treg cells by gut-indigenous Clostridium

(2012) Yuji Nagano et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY

Probiotics stimulate enterocyte migration and microbial diversity in the neonatal mouse intestine

(2012) Geoffrey A. Preidis et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

The gut microbiota regulates bone mass in mice

(2012) Klara Sjögren et al.   JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH

Role of T cells in ovariectomy induced bone loss-revisited

(2012) Roberto Pacifici   JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH

A probiotics-containing biscuit modulates the intestinal microbiota in the elderly

(2012) S. Rampelli et al.   Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Five-Year Changes in Periodontal Disease Measures Among Postmenopausal Females: The Buffalo OsteoPerio Study

(2012) Michael J. LaMonte et al.   JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY

Fecal microbial determinants of fecal and systemic estrogens and estrogen metabolites: a cross-sectional study

(2012) Roberto Flores et al.   Journal of Translational Medicine

Regulatory role of suppressive motifs from commensal DNA

(2012) N Bouladoux et al.   Mucosal Immunology

Antibiotics in early life alter the murine colonic microbiome and adiposity

(2012) Ilseung Cho et al.   NATURE

Osteoporosis/osteopenia as an independent factor associated with periodontitis in postmenopausal women: a case–control study

(2012) J. S. Passos et al.   OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL

Histamine Derived from Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Suppresses TNF via Modulation of PKA and ERK Signaling

(2012) Carissa M. Thomas et al.   PLoS One

Interleukin-17A upregulates receptor activator of NF-κB on osteoclast precursors

(2012) Iannis E Adamopoulos et al.   ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY

Estrogen enhances the functions of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells that suppress osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption in vitro

(2011) CY Luo et al.   Cellular & Molecular Immunology

Claudins and renal salt transport

(2011) Shigeaki Muto et al.   Clinical and Experimental Nephrology

Antiosteoporotic Effects ofLactobacillus-Fermented Soy Skim Milk on Bone Mineral Density and the Microstructure of Femoral Bone in Ovariectomized Mice

(2011) Shen-Shih Chiang et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Interferon-γ plays a role in bone formation in vivo and rescues osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice

(2011) Gustavo Duque et al.   JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH

Functional Specializations of Intestinal Dendritic Cell and Macrophage Subsets That Control Th17 and Regulatory T Cell Responses Are Dependent on the T Cell/APC Ratio, Source of Mouse Strain, and Regional Localization

(2011) T. L. Denning et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Estrogen Receptor   Signaling in T Lymphocytes Is Required for Estradiol-Mediated Inhibition of Th1 and Th17 Cell Differentiation and Protection against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

(2011) K. Lelu et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Regulation of Tight Junction Permeability by Intestinal Bacteria and Dietary Components

(2011) Dulantha Ulluwishewa et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Genistein, a phytoestrogen, improves total cholesterol, and Synergy, a prebiotic, improves calcium utilization, but there were no synergistic effects

(2011) LeeCole L. Legette et al.   MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY

Natural S-equol decreases bone resorption in postmenopausal, non-equol-producing Japanese women

(2011) Yuko Tousen et al.   MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY

Establishment of Normal Gut Microbiota Is Compromised under Excessive Hygiene Conditions

(2011) Bettina Schmidt et al.   PLoS One

Regulatory T cells as a potent target for controlling bone loss

(2010) Feng-Lai Yuan et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Lactobacillus plantarum MB452 enhances the function of the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of genes involved in tight junction formation

(2010) Rachel C Anderson et al.   BMC MICROBIOLOGY

Prebiotic effects: metabolic and health benefits

(2010) Marcel Roberfroid et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Molecular mechanisms for regulation of intestinal calcium absorption by vitamin D and other factors

(2010) James C. Fleet et al.   CRITICAL REVIEWS IN CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES

Update in Serotonin and Bone

(2010) Michael Bliziotes   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Dietary Equol and Bone Metabolism in Postmenopausal Japanese Women and Osteoporotic Mice

(2010) Yoshiko Ishimi   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Genotype Is a Stronger Determinant than Sex of the Mouse Gut Microbiota

(2010) Amir Kovacs et al.   MICROBIAL ECOLOGY

The antimicrobial compound reuterin (3-hydroxypropionaldehyde) induces oxidative stress via interaction with thiol groups

(2010) L. Schaefer et al.   MICROBIOLOGY-SGM

The Estrogen Receptor-α in Osteoclasts Mediates the Protective Effects of Estrogens on Cancellous But Not Cortical Bone

(2010) Marta Martin-Millan et al.   MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY

A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing

(2010) Junjie Qin et al.   NATURE

A Novel Probiotic Mixture Exerts a Therapeutic Effect on Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mediated by IL-10 Producing Regulatory T Cells

(2010) Shahram Lavasani et al.   PLoS One

Individuality in gut microbiota composition is a complex polygenic trait shaped by multiple environmental and host genetic factors

(2010) A. K. Benson et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Generation of regulatory dendritic cells and CD4+Foxp3+ T cells by probiotics administration suppresses immune disorders

(2010) H.-K. Kwon et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Claudin-2–deficient mice are defective in the leaky and cation-selective paracellular permeability properties of renal proximal tubules

(2010) Shigeaki Muto et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Induction of Colonic Regulatory T Cells by Indigenous Clostridium Species

(2010) K. Atarashi et al.   SCIENCE

Experimental Evidence for the Effects of Calcium and Vitamin D on Bone: A Review

(2010) Howard A. Morris et al.   Nutrients

Probiotic mixture VSL#3 protects the epithelial barrier by maintaining tight junction protein expression and preventing apoptosis in a murine model of colitis

(2009) Rudolf Mennigen et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY

Estrogens Maintain Bone Mass by Regulating Expression of Genes Controlling Function and Life Span in Mature Osteoclasts

(2009) Yuuki Imai et al.   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

L. plantarum prevents Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli-induced tight junction proteins changes in intestinal epithelial cells

(2009) Huanlong Qin et al.   BMC MICROBIOLOGY

Influence of long-term consumption of a Lactococcus lactis strain on the intestinal immunity and intestinal flora of the senescence-accelerated mouse

(2009) Hiromi Kimoto-Nira et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Induction of Intestinal Th17 Cells by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria

(2009) Ivaylo I. Ivanov et al.   CELL

Probiotics

(2009) V Gupta et al.   Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Cosupplementation of Isoflavones, Prenylflavonoids, and Lignans Alters Human Exposure to Phytoestrogen-Derived 17β-Estradiol Equivalents

(2009) Selin Bolca et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Butyrate Enhances the Intestinal Barrier by Facilitating Tight Junction Assembly via Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Caco-2 Cell Monolayers

(2009) Luying Peng et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Changes in the Histomorphometric and Biomechanical Properties of the Proximal Femur of Ovariectomized Rat after Treatment with the Phytoestrogens Genistein and Equol

(2009) Mohammad Tezval et al.   PLANTA MEDICA

Estrogen modulates permeability and prostaglandin levels in the rabbit urinary bladder

(2009) Martha A. Hass et al.   PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS

Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediatorsby regulating prostaglandin E2 and cytokines

(2009) Mary Ann Cox et al.   WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Secreted bioactive factors from Bifidobacterium infantis enhance epithelial cell barrier function

(2008) Julia B. Ewaschuk et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY

Estrogen deficiency increases osteoclastogenesis up-regulating T cells activity: A key mechanism in osteoporosis

(2008) Patrizia D'Amelio et al.   BONE

The Magnitude and Rate of Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice Differs Among Inbred Strains as Determined by Longitudinal In vivo Micro-Computed Tomography

(2008) Josh Klinck et al.   CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL

Estrogen protects bone by inducing Fas ligand in osteoblasts to regulate osteoclast survival

(2008) Susan A Krum et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Growth Hormone, Insulin-Like Growth Factors, and the Skeleton

(2008) Andrea Giustina et al.   ENDOCRINE REVIEWS

Comparison of native or reformulated chicory fructans, or non-purified chicory, on rat cecal fermentation and mineral metabolism

(2008) Christian Demigné et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Comparative activities of daidzein metabolites, equol and O-desmethylangolensin, on bone mineral density and lipid metabolism in ovariectomized mice and in osteoclast cell cultures

(2008) Takuya Ohtomo et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Isolation and identification of equol-producing bacterial strains from cultures of pig faeces

(2008) Zhuo-Teng Yu et al.   FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS

Short-Chain Fatty Acids Induce Intestinal Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 6 Expression in Rats and Caco-2 Cells

(2008) Akiko Fukushima et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Probiotic prophylaxis in predicted severe acute pancreatitis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

(2008) Marc GH Besselink et al.   LANCET

A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins

(2008) Peter J. Turnbaugh et al.   NATURE

Potential new drug targets for osteoporosis

(2008) Chad Deal   Nature clinical practice. Rheumatology

Crosstalk of tight junction components with signaling pathways

(2007) Lorenza González-Mariscal et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES