Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dongbo Yu, James K. Liao
Summary: This review discusses the development of statins, their non-lipid-lowering benefits, and proposes future research directions in this field.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
David M. Dolivo, Charlotte R. Reed, Kristine A. Gargiulo, Adrian E. Rodrigues, Robert D. Galiano, Thomas A. Mustoe, Seok Jong Hong
Summary: Fibrosis is a common pathological repair process in organs, but there is a lack of effective therapeutic methods. Repurposing existing drugs, such as statins, can be a complementary strategy to treat tissue fibrosis. Statins have been found to have anti-fibrotic effects through various mechanisms, and a better understanding of these effects can aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Man K. S. Lee, Olivia D. Cooney, Xuzhu Lin, Shaktypreya Nadarajah, Dragana Dragoljevic, Kevin Huynh, Danise-Ann Onda, Sandra Galic, Peter J. Meikle, Thomas Edlund, Morgan D. Fullerton, Bruce E. Kemp, Andrew J. Murphy, Kim Loh
Summary: The study revealed that the AMPK/HMGCR axis plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. Defects in AMPK regulation of HMGCR lead to increased aortic lesions, plaque-associated macrophages, lipid accumulation, and atherogenic monocytes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jia-Li Feng, Suzanne C. Dixon-Suen, Susan J. Jordan, Penelope M. Webb
Summary: The use of statins may provide a survival benefit for women with ovarian cancer, particularly for those with endometrioid cancers. However, bias in observational studies poses challenges in conclusively establishing this association.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xing-Zi Li, Shi-You Jiang, Guo-Qiang Li, Qian-Ru Jiang, Jue-Wan Li, Chen-Chen Li, Yu-Qin Han, Bao-Liang Song, Xin-Ran Ma, Wei Qi, Wen-Wei Qiu
Summary: A series of novel HMG499 analogs were synthesized and one of the compounds, 29 (QH536), showed potent activity in promoting HMGCR degradation without inducing cholesterol accumulation in cells. Compound 29 also exhibited effects on lowering cholesterol levels and suppressing various related genes, making it a potential candidate for the treatment of CVD and NASH.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Je-Wen Liou, Hemalatha Mani, Jui-Hung Yen
Summary: Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver caused by viral infections, most commonly hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Host lipid metabolism, particularly cholesterol metabolism, is crucial for hepatitis viral infection and life cycle. Manipulating host cholesterol metabolism-related genes and proteins, such as using cholesterol-lowering drugs, has shown promising results in the treatment of viral hepatitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tyler Bahr, Gavin Butler, Christian Rock, Kyle Welburn, Kathryn Allred, Damian Rodriguez
Summary: Mono- and sesquiterpenoids are the main chemical constituents of essential oils, which have lipid-lowering properties. Many essential oil compounds have similar effects on cholesterol metabolism, likely through direct agonism of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptors and direct interaction with sterol-sensing domains. Terpene derivatives in essential oils may have cholesterol-lowering activity and could potentially synergize with statins, but further high-quality studies are needed to establish their clinical efficacy.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Oliver J. Liakopoulos, Elmar W. Kuhn, Martin Hellmich, Markus Schloemicher, Justus Strauch, Wilko Reents, Anno Diegeler, Matthias Thielmann, Daniel Wendt, Jochen Boergermann, Jan F. Gummert, Christian Stoppe, Andreas Goetzenich, Sven Martens, Hermann Reichenspurner, Jens Wippermann, Hannes Reuter, Yeong-Hoon Choi, Thorsten Wahlers
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the effects of high-dose statin therapy before surgical revascularization. The results showed that additional statin loading before surgery did not reduce the rate of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) occurring within 30 days.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yirong Sim, Cindy Lim, Nitar Phyu, Kiat Tee Benita Tan, Lita Sui Tjien Chew, Chow Yin Wong, Preetha Madhukumar, Wei Sean Yong, Sue Zann Lim, Julie Liana Bte Hamzah, Si Ying Tan, Wen Yee Chay, Fuh Yong Wong, Puay Hoon Tan, Veronique Kiak-Mien Tan
Summary: This study found a correlation between the use of statin and a reduced risk of breast cancer recurrence in an Asian population, especially for patients with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative invasive breast cancers.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Giovanna Lupo, Silvia Marchiano, Maria Pia Adorni, Francesca Zimetti, Massimiliano Ruscica, Maria Francesca Greco, Alberto Corsini, Nicola Ferri
Summary: Overexpression of PCSK9 in rat SMCs led to downregulation of LDL receptor and marker of contractile phenotype. This resulted in increased cell proliferation rate and partial resistance to simvastatin, indicating a potential role of PCSK9 in atherosclerotic plaque development and pharmacological response to statins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alec G. Trub, Gregory R. Wagner, Kristin A. Anderson, Scott B. Crown, Guo-Fang Zhang, J. Will Thompson, Olga R. Ilkayeva, Robert D. Stevens, Paul A. Grimsrud, Rhushikesh A. Kulkarni, Donald S. Backos, Jordan L. Meier, Matthew D. Hirschey
Summary: Statins, commonly prescribed drugs for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, have pleiotropic effects on cells. By inhibiting HMGCR, statins increase HMG-CoA levels and modify fatty acid synthase (FAS), leading to altered cellular signaling. This study reveals communication between cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis pathways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kush K. K. Patel, Khosrow Kashfi
Summary: Cholesterol is a vital molecule for maintaining normal physiological homeostasis and serves as a precursor for various substances. However, high cholesterol levels are associated with diseases and cancer progression. Mechanisms for cholesterol-mediated cancer progression include activation of oncogenic signaling pathways and induction of oxidative stress. Lipoprotein molecules HDL and LDL play important roles in this pathogenesis. Some cholesterol-lowering medications may have potential in cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Norio Uemura, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Hideo Baba
Summary: Statins, a widely used and safe approach for hypercholesterolemia, have been found to benefit cancer patients. Research on the mechanisms of statins' action provides new insights for cancer treatment. Identifying the cancer patients suitable for statin therapy is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sun-Kyoung Park, Ji-Hye Lee, Ho-Sik Hwang, Hyun-Seung Kim, Kyung-Do Han, Kyung-Sun Na
Summary: This study found an association between oral statin use and dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction. Significant differences were observed in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and meiboscore levels between statin users and nonstatin users. Older age and nonstatin use were associated with higher meiboscores, suggesting a potential protective effect of statins on the meibomian gland.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebecca Faulkner, Youngah Jo
Summary: Cholesterol is an essential component of cellular membranes and lipoproteins, and also serves as a precursor for steroid hormones and bile acids. The mevalonate pathway, in addition to producing cholesterol, generates nonsterol isoprenoids that are crucial for cell survival. The regulation of the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, HMGCR, is controlled by a complex feedback regulatory system. Sterols and nonsterol isoprenoids play important roles in transcriptional and post-translational regulation of HMGCR.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Eun-Jin Yun, Jiancheng Zhou, Chun-Jung Lin, Shan Xu, John Santoyo, Elizabeth Hernandez, Chih-Ho Lai, Ho Lin, Dalin He, Jer-Tsong Hsieh
Article
Immunology
Hwai-Jeng Lin, Hsin-Ho Liu, Chia-Der Lin, Min-Chuan Kao, Yu-An Chen, Chuan Chiang-Ni, Zhi-Pei Jiang, Mei-Zi Huang, Chun-Jung Lin, U-Ging Lo, Li-Chiung Lin, Cheng-Kuo Lai, Ho Lin, Jer-Tsong Hsieh, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chih-Ho Lai
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chun-Jung Lin, Wei-Chih Liao, Yu-An Chen, Hwai-Jeng Lin, Chun-Lung Feng, Cheng-Li Lin, Ying-Ju Lin, Min-Chuan Kao, Mei-Zi Huang, Chih-Ho Lai, Chia-Hung Kao
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Chih-Ho Lai, Ju-Chun Huang, Hsin-Hung Cheng, Meng-Chen Wu, Mei-Zi Huang, Hui-Ying Hsu, Yu-An Chen, Chung-Yao Hsu, Yi-Jiun Pan, Yen-Ting Chu, Tsan-Jan Chen, Yu-Fang Wu, Wei Yang Sit, Jai-Shin Liu, Ya-Fang Chiu, Hung-Jung Wang, Wen-Ching Wang
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yi-Jiun Pan, Tzu-Lung Lin, Yi-Yin Chen, Peng-Hsuan Lai, Yun-Ting Tsai, Chun-Ru Hsu, Pei-Fang Hsieh, Yi-Tsung Lin, Jin-Town Wang
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kuan-Hua Lin, Chung-Cheng Lo, Miao-Chen Chou, Tzu-Hui Yeh, Kai-Lin Chen, Wan-Yu Liao, Horng-Ren Lo
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Chia-Jung Kuo, Chun-Ya Chen, Horng-Ren Lo, Chun-Lung Feng, Hui-Yu Wu, Mei-Zi Huang, Tung-Nan Liao, Yu-An Chen, Chih-Ho Lai
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lii-Tzu Wu, Ming-Kai Guo, Se-Chin Ke, Yi-Pei Lin, Yi-Chun Pang, Hong-Thuy Vy Nguyen, Chih-Ming Chen
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chi-Shin Wu, Le-Yin Hsu, Yi-Jiun Pan, Shi-Heng Wang
Summary: This nationwide retrospective cohort study found that regular antidepressant use was associated with lower risk of advanced diabetic complications and mortality in patients with depression and diabetes mellitus, compared to poor adherence.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mei-Hsin Su, Ying-Hsiu Shih, Yen-Feng Lin, Pei-Chun Chen, Chia-Yen Chen, Po-Chang Hsiao, Yi-Jiun Pan, Yu-Li Liu, Shih-Jen Tsai, Po-Hsiu Kuo, Chi-Shin Wu, Yen-Tsung Huang, Shi-Heng Wang
Summary: This study investigates the familial aggregation and shared genetic loading between common psychiatric disorders (such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and bipolar disorder) and type 2 diabetes. The results suggest a familial association between type 2 diabetes and the psychiatric disorders studied, as well as a shared genetic etiology between major depressive disorder and type 2 diabetes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yun-Cong Luo, Yu-Chia Hsieh, Jia-Wen Wu, Tran Lam Tu Quyen, Yi-Yin Chen, Wei-Chao Liao, Shiao-Wen Li, Shi-Heng Wang, Yi-Jiun Pan
Summary: This study focused on major carbapenemase genes and explored the association between carbapenemase genes, sequence types (ST types), and capsular types (K types) in Acinetobacter baumannii. The results showed the association between bla(OXA) gene patterns, ST types, and K types, and identified specific clonal complexes in Taiwan. These findings provide important information for monitoring the epidemiology and dissemination of this pathogen.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chung-Cheng Lo, Wan-Yu Liao, Miao-Chen Chou, Yu-Yi Wu, Tzu-Hui Yeh, Horng-Ren Lo
Summary: Aeromonas hydrophila is a critical pathogen in fish infections, and the overuse of antibiotics in clinical practice has led to an increase in multidrug-resistant isolates. The contribution of the RND efflux pump system to multidrug resistance in clinical A. hydrophila isolates is significant.
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yu-Chia Hsieh, Shi-Heng Wang, Yi-Yin Chen, Tzu-Lung Lin, Shian-Sen Shie, Ching-Tai Huang, Chen-Hsiang Lee, Yi-Ching Chen, Tran Lam Tu Quyen, Yi-Jiun Pan
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Hwai-Jeng Lin, Zhi-Pei Jiang, Horng-Ren Lo, Chun-Lung Feng, Chih-Jung Chen, Chia-Yu Yang, Mei-Zi Huang, Hui-Yu Wu, Yu-An Chen, Yu Chen, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chih-Ho Lai
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2019)