Article
Plant Sciences
Monika Zakrzewska-Placzek, Anna Golisz-Mocydlarz, Michal Krzyszton, Justyna Piotrowska, Malgorzata Lichocka, Joanna Kufel
Summary: This study demonstrates the involvement of AtNOL12 in rRNA biogenesis and its correlation with stress response in plants. The absence of AtNOL12 alters the expression of ribosomal protein and ribosome biogenesis genes, potentially impacting ribosome function.
Review
Cell Biology
M. Carmen Lafita-Navarro, Maralice Conacci-Sorrell
Summary: The nucleolus is a large nuclear organelle responsible for ribosome biogenesis. Errors in ribosomal biogenesis can cause nucleolar stress, leading to changes in nucleolar function and morphology. This review discusses the association of nucleolar stress with degenerative diseases and developmental defects, as well as the importance of de novo nucleotide biosynthesis for enhanced nucleolar activity in cancer cells and the potential targeting of nucleotide biosynthesis as a strategy to activate nucleolar stress and specifically target cancer cells.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
T. Darriere, E. Jobet, D. Zavala, M. L. Escande, N. Durut, A. de Bures, F. Blanco-Herrera, E. A. Vidal, M. Rompais, C. Carapito, S. Gourbiere, J. Saez-Vasquez
Summary: This article investigates the effects of heat stress on the nucleolus in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, and demonstrates that it disrupts nucleolar structure, inhibits pre-rRNA processing, and leads to imbalanced ribosome profiles. However, the accuracy of transcription initiation and cleavage at specific sites are not affected. The study also shows that the nucleolar structure, pre-rRNA processing pathway, and ribosome profiles can be restored after returning to optimal conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mitsuru Okuwaki, Shoko Saito, Hiroko Hirawake-Mogi, Kyosuke Nagata
Summary: This study revealed that the nucleolar localization of NPM1 and the large ribosomal subunit precursors are mutually dependent. NPM1 plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure of large ribosomal subunits and the accumulation of late processing machinery in the nucleolus.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonid Anikin, Dimitri G. Pestov
Summary: Aminoacridines, historically used as antiseptic and antiparasitic agents, could be repurposed for therapeutic use and new drug development. In this study, the effects of 9-aminoacridine on pre-rRNA metabolism in mammalian cells were investigated. The results showed that 9-aminoacridine inhibits both pre-rRNA transcription and processing, leading to the disruption of ribosome biogenesis. The ability of 9-aminoacridine to bind to RNA in vitro suggests its potential as a new ribosome biogenesis inhibitor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Russell T. Sapio, Chelsea J. Burns, Dimitri G. Pestov
Summary: This study investigates the impact of oxidative stress on ribosome biogenesis by targeting redox-sensitive reporters and H2O2 scavengers to the nucleolus. The findings reveal increased oxidation and oxidative damage in the nucleolar environment in response to H2O2, leading to alterations in pre-rRNA maturation steps sensitive to H2O2 stress.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Roderick T. Hori, Mohammad Moshahid Khan, Jianfeng Xiao, Phillip W. Hargrove, Tom Moss, Mark S. LeDoux
Summary: The UBTF E210K neuroregression syndrome is caused by mutations in the UBTF gene, leading to negative effects on neural function in humans. Through mouse experiments, it was discovered that reduced or silenced Ubtf gene resulted in abnormal behavior, cognition, motor skills, and molecular level changes, suggesting that loss-of-function mechanisms may play a role in humans as well.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad A. M. Ali, Javier A. Garcia-Vilas, Christopher R. Cromwell, Basil P. Hubbard, Michael J. Hendzel, Richard Schulz
Summary: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 is found in the nucleolus where it regulates ribosomal RNA transcription, facilitating cell proliferation. By cleaving the N-terminal tail of histone H3, it enhances the transcription of ribosomal RNA, impacting cell proliferation.
Article
Cell Biology
Zhen Lin, Haiyan Liu, Hongzhi Chen, Hongshi Cao, Xiaochang Liu, Haichao Zhu, Lu Zhao, Zhiming Chen
Summary: In this study, we identified a novel protein, Pol5, that physically interacts with Rrp14 and found that Rrp14 facilitates the nucleolus translocation of Pol5. Deletion of the 7-RINAWN-12 motif affects rRNA transcription, suggesting that Rrp14 impacts rRNA transcription by facilitating Pol5 nucleolus translocation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Liu, Chunxiao Li, Hongsheng Xue, Lina Li, Qun Liu, Haijuan Wang, Tao Wen, Haili Qian
Summary: The study demonstrated that MTA1 is a novel nucleolar protein localized in the nucleolus and regulates pre-rRNA transcription, potentially promoting malignancies by activating pre-rRNA transcription in cancer cells.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroko Hirawake-Mogi, Nguyen Thi Thanh Nhan, Mitsuru Okuwaki
Summary: This study identified an uncharacterized nucleolar protein, G4, which localizes to both the nucleolus and the Cajal body, and is involved in regulating cell growth and nucleolar structure.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carson J. Bryant, Mason A. McCool, Laura Abriola, Yulia Surovtseva, Susan J. Baserga
Summary: Studies of nucleolar function regulation are important for understanding the basic biology of ribosome biogenesis and developing therapeutics for cancer and ribosomopathies. Existing high-throughput assays indirectly identify drugs affecting ribosome biogenesis based on morphological changes in the nucleolus, but a more direct assay is needed. We report a high-throughput assay for nucleolar function that quantifies nucleolar rRNA biogenesis using 5-ethynyl uridine (5-EU) and nucleolar protein fibrillarin (FBL). This new method enables closer study of ribosome biogenesis in health and disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mason A. McCool, Amber F. Buhagiar, Carson J. Bryant, Lisa M. Ogawa, Laura Abriola, Yulia V. Surovtseva, Susan J. Baserga
Summary: This study shows that the nucleolar protein RSL24D1 and the PeBoW complex play important roles in multiple steps of ribosome biogenesis, including pre-ribosomal RNA transcription and mature 28S rRNA production. They regulate pre-ribosomal RNA transcription by modulating the steady-state levels of RNA polymerase I. Specifically, RSL24D1 is demonstrated to coimmunoprecipitate with the RNA polymerase I subunit, RPA194, and together regulate the process of ribosome biogenesis.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Cecelia M. Harold, Amber F. Buhagiar, Yan Cheng, Susan J. Baserga
Summary: Ribosome biogenesis is dysregulated in cancer cells, making it a potential target for therapy. Novel drugs targeting rDNA transcription machinery offer a promising avenue for breast cancer treatment.
Article
Plant Sciences
Craig S. S. Pikaard, Chinmayi Chandrasekhara, Anastasia McKinlay, Ramya Enganti, Dalen Fultz
Summary: Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) are chromosomal loci where rRNA genes are clustered. NORs have been found to exhibit morphological differences in interspecific hybrids, which correlate with differences in rRNA gene transcription, known as nucleolar dominance. Studies have shown that nucleolar dominance is a result of selective rRNA gene silencing, involving chromatin modifications, and can occur in pure species as well as hybrids. Recent evidence suggests that silencing depends on the NOR location rather than the gene sequence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xufei Zhou, Xuezhu Feng, Hui Mao, Mu Li, Fei Xu, Kai Hu, Shouhong Guang
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xufei Zhou, Xuezhu Feng, Hui Mao, Mu Li, Fei Xu, Kai Hu, Shouhong Guang
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xufei Zhou, Fei Xu, Hui Mao, Jiaojiao Ji, Meng Yin, Xuezhu Feng, Shouhong Guang
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiangyang Chen, Fei Xu, Chengming Zhu, Jiaojiao Ji, Xufei Zhou, Xuezhu Feng, Shouhong Guang
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2014)
Article
Biology
Yun Wang, Chenchun Weng, Xiangyang Chen, Xufei Zhou, Xinya Huang, Yonghong Yan, Chengming Zhu
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shimiao Liao, Xiangyang Chen, Ting Xu, Qile Jin, Zongxiu Xu, Demin Xu, Xufei Zhou, Chengming Zhu, Shouhong Guang, Xuezhu Feng
Summary: During the study, it was found that risiRNAs accumulate in RNA exosome mutants in Caenorhabditis elegans and silence pre-rRNAs by directing the association of NRDE proteins with them. The risiRNAs also inhibit transcription elongation of RNA polymerase I and cause mislocalization of exosomes in siRNA suppressor mutants, leading to a novel model of rRNA surveillance combining ribonuclease-mediated RNA degradation and small RNA-directed nucleolar RNAi system.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Renke Tan, Ryan K. Krueger, Max J. Gramelspacher, Xufei Zhou, Yibei Xiao, Ailong Ke, Zhonggang Hou, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study reports a new CRISPR-Cas3 system that can create targeted large deletions in the human genome. RNP delivery of Cas3 nuclease and target recognition complex can achieve editing efficiency of up to 95%. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that supplying cas11 is a universal strategy to enable different types of CRISPR-Cas3 editors and expands our ability to engineer long-range genome edits.