Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jaimee Hughes, Sara Grafenauer
Summary: Beta glucan, a soluble dietary fiber found in oats and barley, has known cholesterol-lowering benefits. Despite the availability of numerous products eligible for beta glucan claims, their usage remains limited both in Australia and globally. Health claims provide an important opportunity to communicate the role of food in health and disease management, with further assessment of consumer understanding recommended.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
W. Nipuna U. Perera, M. Reza Abdollahi, Faegheh Zaefarian, Timothy J. Wester, Velmurugu Ravindran
Summary: The supply of conventional cereal grains, especially maize, is a significant constraint to the poultry industry's future growth. Alternative feed ingredients, such as barley, are being tested to replace maize in poultry diets. However, the use of barley in poultry diets is limited due to its low metabolisable energy and the presence of anti-nutritive substances and soluble non-starch polysaccharides, as well as the inter-cultivar variability. Inconsistent research methodologies have also contributed to the lack of understanding of barley's nutritional value for poultry. Accurate nutrient profiles and tailored feed processing conditions are crucial for increasing the inclusion of barley in poultry diets.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mohammed Obadi, Jun Sun, Bin Xu
Summary: Highland barley is rich in bioactive components, which have various health benefits including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic properties. The food industry is interested in its high beta-glucan content, and there is increasing interest in using highland barley for health food applications. It has the potential to be developed as a sustainable crop for enhancing human health.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongwei Cao, Chong Wang, Ranqing Li, Xiao Guan, Kai Huang, Yu Zhang
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sprouted oats substitutions on the in vitro digestibility of starch in wheat bread. The study found that polyphenols and gamma-aminobutyric acid increased, while starch and beta-glucan content gradually decreased in wheat bread enriched with 20% sprouted oat flour. The specific volume of the mixed bread reached its maximum after sprouting for 72 hours. The microstructure revealed that small type B wheat starch and oat starch were wrapped in protein-beta-glucan complexes after baking. This study suggests that properly sprouting has the potential to obtain nutritional bread with low starch digestibility.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia A. Shvachko, Igor G. Loskutov, Tatyana V. Semilet, Vitaliy S. Popov, Olga N. Kovaleva, Alexei V. Konarev
Summary: This text summarizes the research progress on bioactive compounds in oats and barley, discusses the structure and physicochemical properties of cell wall polysaccharides, and pathways of anthocyanin biosynthesis. It also touches on genetic resources collection, gene regulation, and the potential for creating new varieties through breeding based on the findings.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yitong Li, Tong Li, Rui Hai Liu
Summary: Whole grains include all parts of the grain seed and are recommended to make up at least half of total grain intake, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025. Highland barley, a principal crop in the Tibetan area of China, is rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds, offering potential health benefits such as cardiovascular disease prevention, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, gut protection, and anticarcinogenic effects. Further research and promotion of Highland barley-based health foods could help improve disease prevention and overall health.
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lovro Sinkovic, Marianna Rakszegi, Barbara Pipan, Vladimir Meglic
Summary: Organic and conventional farming have significant effects on the nutritional composition of barley, oats, and spelt grains and groats. Both species and field management practices contribute to compositional differences, with the most pronounced differences observed in organic spelt. The information is valuable for the processing industry, breeders, farmers, and consumers.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Elena Albanell, Mariona Martinez, Massimo De Marchi, Carmen L. Manuelian
Summary: The study developed predictive models for the content of biologically active compounds in barley grains, with high coefficients of determination for beta-glucans and bound phenols but not for anthocyanins. The instrument with higher resolution provided better results only for beta-glucan prediction models, and the addition of the visible range did not prove to be advantageous for any of the active compounds analyzed.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Igor G. Loskutov, Elena K. Khlestkina
Summary: Cereal grains play a vital role in human nutrition, with new products emerging on the market. Breeding programs are now focused on developing cultivars with higher levels of bioactive compounds, vitamins, dietary fibers, and oils. Through traditional breeding approaches, along with genetic editing and chemotyping techniques, modern cereal crops are being enriched with micronutrients and other health-promoting components, potentially leading to cultivars better adapted to environmental challenges.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Danuta Leszczynska, Anna Wirkijowska, Alan Gasinski, Dominika Srednicka-Tober, Joanna Trafialek, Renata Kazimierczak
Summary: Oat is valued for its rich chemical composition and high nutritional value, making it of interest to scientists and nutritionists. Oat products can be considered functional foods with proven preventive and therapeutic effects. However, the development of cereal processing technologies may decrease their functional properties, highlighting the importance of monitoring product quality and technological progress.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah Reiners, Sandra Hebestreit, Lisa Wedekind, Michael Kiehntopf, Anne Klink, Silke Rummler, Michael Glei, Stefan Lorkowski, Wiebke Schloermann, Christine Dawczynski
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether roasting of barley and oat flakes changes the physiological impact of the beta-glucan-rich flakes on glucose and lipid metabolism. It was found that regular consumption of traditional or roasted barley and oat flakes contributes to the management of cardiovascular diseases by improving TC and LDL cholesterol. The effects of traditional and roasted varieties on blood lipids did not differ between the groups.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Marinela Sokarda Slavic, Milan Kojic, Aleksandra Margetic, Marina Ristovic, Marija Pavlovic, Stefan Nikolic, Zoran Vujcic
Summary: The study focused on the impact of the enzyme endo-beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase from Bacillus subtilis 168 on improving the nutritional and bioactive properties of barley beta-glucan. A new procedure for isolating pure beta-glucan from barley flour was developed, enabling it to be free from starch contamination. The cloned enzyme showed high efficiency in degrading beta-glucan and increasing its antioxidant capacities, suggesting potential applications in functional foods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
DeAnn J. Liska, ElHadji Dioum, Yifang Chu, Eunice Mah
Summary: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline. Oats have been found to decrease cardiovascular disease risk and lower blood pressure. The beneficial components in oats, such as GABA, high-quality plant protein, and fermentable prebiotic fiber, may contribute to the anti-hypertensive effect.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Han Hu, Huihui Lin, Lei Xiao, Minqi Guo, Xi Yan, Xueqian Su, Lianliang Liu, Shangyuan Sang
Summary: This study showed that the addition of wheat bran and oat bran negatively affected the texture and color of bread, while the addition of beta-glucan did not have a significant impact. The beta-glucan in oat bran may be the key component in reducing the glycemic index of whole oat bread.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Zahirul Islam, Hyo-Geun An, Soo-Ji Kang, Young-Tack Lee
Summary: This study investigated the effects of germination on bioactive phytochemicals in the barley variety "Betaone". The levels of crude protein, crude fat, and crude ash increased while starch content decreased during germination. The content of β-glucan decreased significantly after germination, but bioactive compounds and antioxidative properties increased with germination time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
B. Prabakaran, P. Vijayabalan, M. Balachandar
Summary: Researchers investigated the potential of diesel ethanol blends as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, but found their performance to be inferior to diesel. This study aims to identify the optimal engine operating parameters for a blend of 45% ethanol and 10% butanol as co-solvent. Experimental tests were conducted on a diesel engine by varying injection timing, nozzle opening pressure, and compression ratio. The results showed that the blend had higher brake thermal efficiency and increased oxides of emissions compared to standard parameters, although the emissions of CO and HC were slightly higher than diesel.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Ali Mostafaeipour, Amir Jahangard Rafsanjani, Mohammad Ahmadi, Joshuva Arockia Dhanraj
Summary: This paper evaluates and compares the performance of Hadoop and Spark frameworks in big data processing, finding that Spark's runtime is significantly faster than Hadoop, but Hadoop uses fewer resources while Spark's CPU efficiency is higher.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rajarathinam Nithya, Arunachalam Thirunavukkarasu, Arunachalam Bose Sathya, Raja Sivashankar
Summary: The use of magnetic nanomaterials for dye adsorption in wastewater treatment shows great potential for effective removal of colored contaminants in water. Adsorption technology in wastewater treatment offers advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and reliability, making it an effective method for treating dye wastewater.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
P. Sankarganesh, A. Ganesh Kumar, V. Parthasarathy, Baby Joseph, G. Priyadharsini, R. Anbarasan
Summary: In this study, silver nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using Murraya Koeniji leaf extract. The bio-synthesized SNPs showed good antibacterial activity and non-toxicity, as confirmed by various analyses and tests.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC POLYMERS AND MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sujana Chandrappa, Dharmapura H. K. Murthy, Nagappagari Lakshmana Reddy, S. Jagadeesh Babu, Dinesh Rangappa, Urupalli Bhargav, Vijayarengan Preethi, Murikinati Mamatha Kumari, Muthukonda Venkatakrishnan Shankar
Summary: Utilizing industrial and solid wastes as feedstock to generate H2 via the photocatalytic reforming process shows promising potential for energy solutions and value-added chemicals, with a key role played by developing and tuning the properties of photocatalysts. Despite having favorable optoelectronic properties, 2D photocatalysts are not widely used in the PR process, but recent research highlights their potential and application in efficient H2 generation from biomass, plastic, and industrial waste.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
S. Kanthasamy, T. S. Ravikumar
Summary: This study focuses on the synthesis of Magnesium based alloy AZ31 using Magnesia Packed Sintering (MPS), a novel approach in powder metallurgy. The purpose is to optimize the process parameters and eliminate the need for protective gases to prevent oxidation. The MPS method, which involves packing magnesia powder around the green compact, proves to be an effective alternative for atmospheric protection in fabricating magnesium based alloys and composites. The Taguchi method integrated with GRA is employed for parameter optimization, and various tests and analyses are conducted to confirm the improved strength and hardness achieved through the optimized parameters.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
G. Kirithiga Nandini, Sandi Klavzar
Summary: In this paper, flaws in the computations of eccentricity indices reported by Imran et al. in their series of papers are demonstrated. Corrected formulas, which are also simplified in many cases, are obtained.
JOURNAL OF DISCRETE MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES & CRYPTOGRAPHY
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Susan Chacko, R. Sumathi, M. K. Badri Narayanan, Syam S. Narayanan
Summary: This paper investigates the challenges faced by food franchises in the Chennai region of India. Through interviews with company executives, academicians, and researchers, nine key challenges are identified, with government regulatory measures and ecosystem being identified as the most challenging factor.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
R. Devanathan, B. Vivekanandan, S. Rengadurai, G. L. Balaji, R. Lakshmipathy
Summary: The present investigation explored the utilization of watermelon rind as an adsorbent for the removal and recovery of Ce (III) and Pr (III) ions from aqueous solution. The processed watermelon rind exhibited high adsorption capacity for Ce (III) and Pr (III) ions, which can be described by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and pseudo second order kinetic model. The system showed spontaneous and exothermic nature, and the watermelon rind can be reused.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. Jayanthi, Sowrirajan Sumathi, V Andal
Summary: This review highlights the significance of adsorption as an alternative method for removing heavy metals in water pollution, with a focus on the use of Perovskite as an adsorbent and the factors influencing the adsorption process.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
S. Nalini Jayanthi, N. Bhuvaneswari
Summary: In this study, single crystals of L-threonine doped zinc tris thiourea sulphate were successfully grown using the slow evaporation technique. The crystalline nature, structural parameters, mechanical strength, and optical properties of the crystals were analyzed using various experimental methods.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sumathi Sowrirajan, Gunjan Maheshwari, Baby Joseph
Summary: Zinc oxide synthesized by precipitation method was impregnated on alumina and characterized. The band gap of ZnO-Al2O3 sintered at 400 degrees C was found to be 3.35 eV. In the study on solar irradiation of Thymol blue, it was observed that the degradation efficiency of zinc oxide-alumina composite was higher than that of pure zinc oxide.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
P. Leon Dharmadurai, S. Vasanthaseelan, R. Bharathwaaj, Vijayakumar Dharmaraj, K. Gnanasekaran, D. Balaji, Ravishankar Sathyamurthy
Summary: This study experimentally investigates the effect of a solar dryer with an external reflector on reducing moisture content in grapes. The results show that using an external reflector on the solar dryer decreases drying time and increases drying temperature compared to open solar drying.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ravishankar Sathyamurthy, Mohammad Sahil Salman, P. Vijayabalan, S. Padmanaba Sundar, Vijayakumar Dharmaraj
Summary: In this experimental investigation, the use of neat plastic oil with nano-additives in a DI CI engine was studied. The combustion characteristics and emission parameters were compared with neat diesel fuel. The results showed that the addition of nano-additives improved in-cylinder pressure and ignition delay, while significantly reducing CO and HC emissions.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Amala Jeya Ranchani, V. Parthasarathy, R. Anbarasan
Summary: The prepared Zn anchored aminoclay was tested for its catalytic performance in reducing hazardous pollutants. The structure of the Zn-AC catalyst system was confirmed and investigated using various analytical methods, and the efficiency of the catalyst was assessed.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
