Article
Neurosciences
Peter G. Tickle, Paul W. Hendrickse, Andrew Weightman, M. Hakam Nazir, Hans Degens, Stuart Egginton
Summary: Capillary rarefaction is associated with impaired muscle fatigue resistance and microvascular impairment in cardiovascular disease. Aerobic exercise and mechanical overload can prevent and restore muscle function in the early stages of heart disease, highlighting the importance of optimal capillary diffusion for skeletal muscle performance. Pro-angiogenic therapies are effective in improving skeletal muscle function in chronic diseases.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adriano E. Lima-Silva, Gislaine Cristina-Souza, Marcos D. Silva-Cavalcante, Romulo Bertuzzi, David J. Bishop
Summary: Caffeine is widely consumed as an ergogenic aid for exercise performance, with its stimulatory effect on the central nervous system being a key mechanism. However, caffeine may also have direct effects on other physiological systems like the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and muscular systems during high-intensity whole-body exercise. Understanding these multiple effects of caffeine could potentially expand its use in different sporting contexts and aid in the treatment of certain diseases.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Tom Behrendt, Robert Bielitzki, Martin Behrens, Lutz Schega
Summary: This study examined the immediate effects of repeated sprint exercise (RSE) under normobaric hypoxia and with blood flow restriction (BFR) on performance, physiology, and perception. The results showed that both hypoxia and BFR led to greater motor performance fatigue with different physiological responses, while there were no significant perceptual changes during RSE. This suggests that training under specific conditions may elicit different physiological adaptations in the body.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rafael A. Azevedo, Delbar Jazayeri, Samuel T. Yeung, Rojan Khoshreza, Guillaume Y. Millet, Juan Murias, Saied J. Aboodarda
Summary: Experiencing pain in one leg can decrease exercise tolerance and neuromuscular fatigue development in the contralateral leg. However, the effects of nonlocal experimental pain induced by blood flow occlusion on corticospinal modulation remain unknown. This study found that 25% maximal voluntary contraction (25%IMVC) duration was the shortest during blood flow occlusion, and the decline in maximal voluntary contraction was smaller compared to cycling exercise, indicating that pain reduces exercise performance. Additionally, transcranial magnetic stimulations revealed the modulation of the nervous system in response to pain stimulation.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yong Peng, Liang Meng, Huan Zhu, Li Wan, Fen Chen
Summary: The study found that inhaling normobaric oxygen for 30 minutes after exercise can delay the decrease of microcirculatory blood flow, increase muscle oxygen saturation, and promote the recovery of heart rate, blood lactic acid, blood urea, and creatine kinase.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lydia K. Caldwell, William J. Kraemer, Emily M. Post, Jeff S. Volek, Brian C. Focht, Robert U. Newton, Keijo Hakkinen, Carl M. Maresh
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate whether floatation-restricted environmental stimulation therapy could enhance recovery from high-intensity resistance exercise. The results showed that floatation-REST significantly reduced muscle soreness and improved neuroendocrine signaling, mood, and fatigue.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica L. Halle, Brittany R. Counts, Quan Zhang, James A. Carson
Summary: FOLFOX chemotherapy induces persistent deficits in physical function, but short-duration aerobic exercise can partially reverse this.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chutimon Khemtong, Antonio Tessitore, Salvador J. Jaime, Giuliana Gobbi, Jorgen Jensen, Ai-Lun Yang, Chia-Hua Kuo, Giancarlo Condello
Summary: The results of this study suggest that BCAAs supplementation does not provide any benefits for basketball players in mitigating muscle damage and soreness, improving neuromuscular performance, and maintaining arterial stiffness after COD exercises.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Fuyuan Liao, Xueyan Zhang, Chunmei Cao, Isabella Yu-Ju Hung, Yanni Chen, Yih-Kuen Jan
Summary: This study investigated the regularity of sEMG signals during muscle fatigue and recovery after cupping therapy using a nonlinear method. The results suggest that E-ms is more sensitive to muscle fatigue and may yield more consistent results compared to traditional linear measures.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew Stefan, Matthew Sharp, Raad Gheith, Ryan Lowery, Charlie Ottinger, Jacob Wilson, Shane Durkee, Aouatef Bellamine
Summary: The study indicates that L-carnitine tartrate supplementation can improve short-term recovery among athletes, while longer-term effects in the general population need further research. The experiment found that L-carnitine tartrate supplementation for 5 weeks could enhance perceived recovery and reduce soreness, as well as lower serum creatine kinase levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hanwool Yeon, Haneol Lee, Yeongin Kim, Doyoon Lee, Youngjoo Lee, Jong-Sung Lee, Jiho Shin, Chanyeol Choi, Ji-Hoon Kang, Jun Min Suh, Hyunseok Kim, Hyun S. Kum, Jaeyong Lee, Daeyeon Kim, Kyul Ko, Boo Soo Ma, Peng Lin, Sangwook Han, Sungkyu Kim, Sang-Hoon Bae, Taek-Soo Kim, Min-Chul Park, Young-Chang Joo, Eunjoo Kim, Jiyeon Han, Jeehwan Kim
Summary: The newly developed sweat pore-inspired perforated e-skin effectively suppresses sweat accumulation and enables inorganic sensors to obtain physical health information without malfunctioning. By using this type of perforated e-skin, multiple inorganic sensors can reliably monitor the wearer's health over a period of weeks.
Article
Physiology
Tim A. Hardy, Marcelle Paula-Ribeiro, Bruno M. Silva, Gemma K. Lyall, Karen M. Birch, Carrie Ferguson, Bryan J. Taylor
Summary: The research found that fatiguing expiratory muscle work in otherwise resting humans did not affect group mean limb blood flow and leg vascular resistance. However, within-breath oscillations in limb blood flow may reflect a sympathetically mediated vasoconstriction that was counteracted by transient increases in blood flow due to the mechanical effects of high intra-abdominal pressure during resistive loaded breathing.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Na Li, Jingfeng Yang, Yuanpeng Liao
Summary: The study investigated the effects of independently applying blood flow restriction training (BFRT) and electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), as well as combining the two methods, on muscle function. The results showed that combining BFRT and EMS for low-intensity squat training improved muscle strength of the lower limbs by promoting muscle hypertrophy and improving muscle activation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Divya Soman, James Hodovan, Conrad J. Macon, Brian P. Davidson, J. Todd Belcik, James O. Mudd, Byung S. Park, Jonathan R. Lindner
Summary: This study found that improvement in functional status after permanent LVAD implantation in patients with HFrEF is related to improvement in muscle perfusion during work. CEUS can quantify peripheral vascular responses to advanced therapies for HFrEF.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Fabio Milioni, Rafael A. Azevedo, Alessandro M. Zagatto, Guillaume Y. Millet
Summary: The study found that cycling repeated sprints induce significant fatigue, particularly at the peripheral level, which is fully restored after 48 hours of recovery.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Hanjun Park, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Divya Srinivasan
Summary: The study found that using WB-PEXO can significantly reduce muscle activity in the back and legs, particularly when handling loads beyond low-moderate levels (10-15 kg). Additionally, using WB-PEXO also decreased inter-individual variance in muscle activities. Future research should focus on examining diverse users, finding effective matches between WB-PEXO use and specific tasks, and identifying applications in varied work environments.
APPLIED ERGONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jang-Ho Park, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Divya Srinivasan
Summary: This study quantified the effects of wearing a passive BSE with different levels of supportive torque on gait performance and stability during level walking. The results showed that the external torque of the BSE may adversely affect gait step width, variability, and dynamic stability. This is significant for better design and practice guidelines to facilitate the safe adoption of BSEs in the workplace.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Marty Smets
Summary: This long-term study found that arm-support exoskeletons (ASEs) are effective in reducing work pressure and may also decrease the number of medical visits. User experience plays a key role in determining intention-to-use ASEs.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jang-Ho Park, Youngjae Lee, Saman Madinei, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Divya Srinivasan
Summary: This study assessed the effects of using a passive back-support exoskeleton (BSE) on lower limb joint kinematics and kinetics during walking. The results showed that the BSE, particularly with high supportive torque, provided beneficial changes in gait patterns. However, it also produced undesirable changes in lower limb kinetics and may increase the metabolic cost of walking.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Diana Schwerha, Nathan McNamara, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum
Summary: The results of this study suggest that workers are accepting of the use of exoskeletons in diverse manufacturing environments. The main factors influencing the intention to use exoskeletons are perceived comfort, task-technology fit, perceived safety, and perceived usefulness. However, further research is needed to improve comfort, task-technology fit, user acceptance, and to develop effective implementation processes for the sustainable use of exoskeletons.
IISE TRANSACTIONS ON OCCUPATIONAL ERGONOMICS & HUMAN FACTORS
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Jang-Ho Park, Youngjae Lee, Michael L. Madigan, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Divya Srinivasan
Summary: This study investigated the effects of wearing a back-support exoskeleton (BSE) on single-step balance recovery following a forward loss of balance. The results showed that wearing a BSE did not significantly affect the maximum lean angle from which individuals could successfully recover balance, but it increased reaction times and impeded hip and knee movements. In addition, measures of the margin of stability decreased significantly in the high-torque BSE condition.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sophia Ulman, Divya Srinivasan, Maury A. Nussbaum
Summary: This study investigates the impact of load carriage on gait variability among military cadets, and shows that GV measures provide a more complete description of adaptability, stability, and control. The study also highlights the importance of alternate movement strategies during more difficult load carriage tasks, and captures experience-related differences in load carriage strategies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Saman Madinei, Maury A. Nussbaum
Summary: Low-back pain is a major cause of work-related musculoskeletal disorders attributed to physical risk factors. Industrial back-support exoskeletons (BSEs) have shown potential in reducing spine loads during repetitive lifting tasks. This study evaluated the effects of two passive BSEs on lumbosacral compression and shear forces. Results showed that both BSEs reduced peak compression and shear forces, but the reduction was task-specific and dependent on BSE design. Future research is recommended to explore different biomechanical models for assessing spine mechanical loads when using BSEs.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Saman Madinei, Sunwook Kim, Jang-Ho Park, Divya Srinivasan, Maury A. Nussbaum
Summary: Industrial exoskeletons are a promising ergonomic intervention to reduce the risk of work-related musculo-skeletal disorders by providing external physical support to workers. This study introduced a novel approach using a computerized dynamometer to quantify the assistive torque profiles of two passive back-support exoskeletons, revealing clear differences between the devices in different support settings and conditions.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ehsan Rashedi, Kavish Kathawala, Masoud Abdollahi, Mohammad Mehdi Alemi, Mohammad Iman Mokhlespour Esfahani, Maury A. Nussbaum
Summary: Slips, trips, and falls are major causes of occupational injuries and fatalities, which can contribute to low-back problems. A study was conducted to measure lumbar kinematics and kinetics during slip, trip, and normal walking events. The results showed that lumbar range of motion, lumbosacral loads, and lumbar muscle activations were all significantly higher during slip and trip events compared to normal walking. The observed high forces and muscle activities suggest the potential for overexertion injuries and tissue damage during unexpected slip and trip events, contributing to low back injuries. The study's outcomes may help identify and control specific mechanisms involved in low back disorders caused by slips or trips.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Mengqi Shen, Kwok-Leung Tsui, Maury A. Nussbaum, Sunwook Kim, Fleming Lure
Summary: Indoor fall monitoring for older adults is challenging due to accuracy requirements and privacy concerns. Doppler radar shows promise, but its application is limited by the line-of-sight restriction and similarity of Doppler signatures among different falls. To address these challenges, the researchers conducted an experimental study to obtain Doppler signals under different angles and developed a novel neural network called eMSFRNet. The eMSFRNet showed robustness to radar sensing angles and achieved high accuracy in both fall detection and classification of seven fall types.
IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Stephen Dooley, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Michael L. Madigan
Summary: Occupational exoskeletons are commonly used to reduce the physical demands on workers, but their potential adverse effects on fall risk are not well studied. This study found that a leg-support exoskeleton increased the likelihood of failed recovery and negatively affected reactive balance after simulated slips and trips.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hanjun Park, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Divya Srinivasan
Summary: This study explores how novice users adapt to using a whole-body powered exoskeleton (EXO) during gait. The results show that novices have the most pronounced changes in spatiotemporal gait measures, followed by joint kinematics, while smaller changes are observed in muscle activity and EXO joint torques. Compared to experienced users, novices exhibit a shorter step length, greater anterior pelvic tilt, less hip extension, lower joint torques from the EXO, and greater biceps femoris activity. Overall, the study suggests that novices make clear progress in learning but have not yet adopted motor strategies similar to experienced users after three training sessions. Future research should focus on enhancing motor adaptations through training protocols and human-EXO interfaces.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND KINESIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Aanuoluwapo Ojelade, Wallace Morris, Sunwook Kim, Denean Kelson, Divya Srinivasan, Marty Smets, Maury A. Nussbaum
Summary: Arm-support exoskeletons (ASEs) are an emerging technology that can reduce physical demands during overhead work. However, the effects of different ASE designs during overhead work with diverse task demands are not well understood. A study found that using ASEs reduced shoulder muscle activity, changed working postures, and decreased perceived exertion. However, these effects were task-dependent and varied between different ASE designs. The study emphasizes the importance of considering task demands and ASE design when using ASEs for overhead work.
APPLIED ERGONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Stephen Dooley, Sunwook Kim, Maury A. Nussbaum, Michael L. Madigan
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of arm- and back-support exoskeletons on reactive balance after slip-like and trip-like perturbations on a treadmill. The study found that the exoskeletons did not significantly increase the probability of failed recovery after the perturbations, but did make balance recovery more challenging. Reactive balance differed when wearing different types and activation states of exoskeletons.
APPLIED ERGONOMICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Nathan D. Camarillo, Rafael Jimenez-Silva, Frances T. Sheehan
Summary: This article discusses the statistical dependence between multiple measurements from the same participant and provides recommendations for using these measurements when they are not independent.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
J. Huet, A. -S. Boureau, A. Sarcher, C. Cornu, A. Nordez
Summary: Standard compression in freehand 3D ultrasound induces a bias in volume calculations, but minimal compression and gel pad methods have similar results. With a trained examiner and precautions, the bias can be minimized and become acceptable in clinical applications.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
C. Lariviere, A. H. Eskandari, H. Mecheri, F. Ghezelbash, D. Gagnon, A. Shirazi-Adl
Summary: Recent developments in musculoskeletal modeling have focused on model customization. Personalization of the spine profile may affect estimates of spinal loading and stability. This study investigates the biomechanical consequences of changes in the spinal profile and finds that personalizing the spine profile has medium to large effects on trunk muscle forces and negligible to small effects on spinal loading and stability.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Luke T. Mattar, Arash B. Mahboobin, Adam J. Popchak, William J. Anderst, Volker Musahl, James J. Irrgang, Richard E. Debski
Summary: Exercise therapy fails in about 25.0% of cases for individuals with rotator cuff tears, and one reason for this failure may be the inability to strengthen and balance the muscle forces that keep the humeral head in the correct position. This study developed computational musculoskeletal models to compare the net muscle force before and after exercise therapy between successfully and unsuccessfully treated patients. The study found that unsuccessfully treated patients had less inferiorly oriented net muscle forces, which may increase the risk of impingement.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Natsuki Sado, Takeshi Edagawa, Toshihide Fujimori, Shogo Hashimoto, Yoshikazu Okamoto, Takahito Nakajima
Summary: The existing methods for predicting hip and lumbosacral joint centres in Japanese adults are biased and differ between sexes. We propose new regression equations that consider soft-tissue thickness, sex differences, and a height-directional measure, and validate them using leave-one-out cross-validation.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Peimin Yu, Xuanzhen Cen, Qichang Mei, Alan Wang, Yaodong Gu, Justin Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to explore the intra-foot biomechanical differences among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI), copers, and healthy individuals during dynamic tasks. The study found that copers and CAI individuals had smaller dorsiflexion angles and copers presented a more eversion position compared to healthy participants. Copers also had greater dorsiflexion angles in the metatarsophalangeal joint and more inversion moments in the subtalar joint during certain tasks. These findings can help in designing interventions to restore ankle joint functions in CAI individuals.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Biophysics
Jon Skovgaard Jensen, Anders Holsgaard-Larsen, Anders Stengaard Sorensen, Per Aagaard, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: This study investigates the biomechanical effects of robot-assisted body weight unloading (BWU) on gait patterns in healthy young adults. The results show that dynamic robot-assisted BWU enables reduced kinetic requirements without distorting biomechanically normal gait patterns during overground walking.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2024)