Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haiyi Chen, Yu Kang, Mojie Duan, Tingjun Hou
Summary: The study revealed that the presence of heparan sulfate is crucial for the binding between the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and host ACE2, while the stability of the T470-F490 loop and hydrophobic interactions play key roles in the binding process.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony J. J. Hayes, James Melrose
Summary: Heparan sulfate is a complex glycosaminoglycan that plays important roles in various biological processes through interactions with extracellular ligands and cellular receptors. Its chain lengths and sequences can vary, providing structural diversity. Heparan sulfate has regulatory properties in tissue development, wound healing, immune regulation, inflammation, and tumor development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitry K. Sokolov, Oleg B. Shevelev, Anna S. Khotskina, Alexandra Y. Tsidulko, Anastasia V. Strokotova, Galina M. Kazanskaya, Alexander M. Volkov, Evgenii E. Kliver, Svetlana V. Aidagulova, Evgenii L. Zavjalov, Elvira V. Grigorieva
Summary: Glioblastoma (GB) is an aggressive cancer with a high chance of recurrence, and the effects of chemotherapy drugs on heparan sulfate (HS) in brain tissue are still unknown.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Linda M. Hiebert
Summary: Diabetes is a complex disease that affects millions of people worldwide, and the role of proteoglycans, particularly heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), in its pathogenesis has recently gained attention. HSPGs play crucial roles in various physiological processes, and their modification in diabetes can lead to complications in different tissues and organs. Understanding the role of HSPGs in diabetes may help develop new treatments and preventive measures for this condition.
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Michael Sorrell, Arnold Caplan
Summary: White adipose tissues are crucial endocrine organs that release adipokines, affecting other major organ systems. The development and functions of adipose tissues rely heavily on the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate, which regulates cellular physiology and communication. Understanding the role of heparan sulfates in the regulation of adipokine production and release could provide valuable insights into tissue engineering and experimental studies.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dylan Mah, Yanan Zhu, Guowei Su, Jing Zhao, Ashely Canning, James Gibson, Xuehong Song, Eduardo Stancanelli, Yongmei Xu, Fuming Zhang, Robert J. Linhardt, Jian Liu, Lianchun Wang, Chunyu Wang
Summary: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)'s epsilon 4 allele is the most important genetic risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Heparan sulfate (HS) on the cell surface acts as a cofactor for the interaction between ApoE and LRP1, as well as the prion-like spread of tau pathology between cells. 3-O-sulfated HS has been linked to AD through its interaction with tau, and increased levels of 3-O-sulfated HS and 3-O-sulfotransferases have been observed in the AD brain. This study characterizes the interactions between ApoE and HS in different ApoE isoforms, and suggests that the interplay between 3-O-sulfated HS, tau, and ApoE isoforms may modulate AD risk.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Imlirenla Pongener, Conor O'Shea, Hannah Wootton, Michael Watkinson, Gavin J. Miller
Summary: This review focuses on the chemical approaches and methodology improvements for the synthesis of heparin and heparan sulfate since 2015, including advances in accessing the pentasaccharide anticoagulant and targets for heparan sulfate synthesis. It also discusses key building block synthesis, oligosaccharide construction, chemical sulfation techniques, and technological improvements to traditional solution-phase synthesis approaches.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Weijiao Zhang, Ruirui Xu, Xuerong Jin, Yang Wang, Litao Hu, Tianmeng Zhang, Guocheng Du, Zhen Kang
Summary: In this study, enzymatic strategies for producing homogeneous chondroitin oligosaccharides (o-CHs) and its sulfate derivatives from microbial sourced chondroitin were reported. The enzymatic approaches showed high conversion rates and pave the way for the study of structure-activity relationship and applications.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linh Nguyen, Kelli A. McCord, Duong T. Bui, Kim M. Bouwman, Elena N. Kitova, Mohamed Elaish, Dhanraj Kumawat, Gour C. Daskhan, Ilhan Tomris, Ling Han, Pradeep Chopra, Tzu-Jing Yang, Steven D. Willows, Andrew L. Mason, Lara K. Mahal, Todd L. Lowary, Lori J. West, Shang-Te Danny Hsu, Tom Hobman, Stephen M. Tompkins, Geert-Jan Boons, Robert P. de Vries, Matthew S. Macauley, John S. Klassen
Summary: Evidence suggests that host glycans, specifically glycolipids containing sialic acid, play a role in facilitating the entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus into host cells by binding to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. Depletion of cell surface sialic acid levels through various methods decreases RBD binding and infection of the virus, indicating the importance of sialylated glycans in viral entry.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Toshihiro Inubushi, Nag Priyanka, Masakatsu Watanabe, Yusuke Takahashi, Shinnosuke Kusano, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Silvana Papagerakis, Petros Papagerakis, Mikako Hayashi, Takashi Yamashiro
Summary: This study demonstrates that the chlorinated oxidant MA-T can enhance dentinogenesis by modifying HSPG and activating Wnt signaling. The treatment decreases sulfation of HSPG, upregulates the expression of dentin-related genes, and promotes dentin formation in developing teeth.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valeria De Pasquale, Miriam Shasa Quiccione, Simona Tafuri, Luigi Avallone, Luigi Michele Pavone
Summary: Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are a group of glycoproteins with diverse structures, capable of interacting with various ligands to regulate cellular processes; they also assist many viruses in invading host cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anett Hudak, Matthew Roach, David Pusztai, Aladar Pettko-Szandtner, Annamaria Letoha, Laszlo Szilak, Mimoun Azzouz, Tamas Letoha
Summary: AAV vectors are safe and efficient gene delivery tools, with AAV9 being capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier for gene transduction in the central nervous system. However, recent studies have revealed limitations in AAV9-mediated gene delivery. This study identified syndecan-4 as a significant contributor to AAV9's cellular internalization, highlighting its role in enhancing gene transduction. By understanding the molecular mechanisms involved, this research provides insights to improve AAV9-based gene therapy approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Kaori Oshima, Samantha King, Sarah A. McMurtry, Eric P. Schmidt
Summary: The importance of endothelial glycocalyx and its in vivo manifestation, the endothelial surface layer, in vascular homeostasis is increasingly recognized. During sepsis, shedding of endothelial HSPGs through sheddases like heparanase and matrix metalloproteinases can lead to vascular dysfunction. Degradation of glycocalyx releases HSPG fragments into circulation, shaping the systemic consequences of sepsis.
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erpan Ahat, Yuefan Song, Ke Xia, Whitney Reid, Jie Li, Sarah Bui, Fuming Zhang, Robert J. Linhardt, Yanzhuang Wang
Summary: This study reveals that disrupting the Golgi structure affects the synthesis and secretion of glycosaminoglycans, leading to increased HS synthesis and decreased CS synthesis. The sulfation process of HS and CS is also altered in this case.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Fatemah O. F. O. Alshammari, Yousef M. Al-Saraireh, Ahmed M. M. Youssef, Yahya M. Al-Sarayra, Hamzeh Mohammad Alrawashdeh
Summary: The study found intense glypican-1 expression in all breast cancer histopathological subtypes, with a significant difference in expression compared to normal breast tissue. Additionally, a higher expression of glypican-1 was observed in advanced grade and larger tumor size breast cancer patients, but showed no obvious relationship with other biomarkers.
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
McKale R. Montgomery, Elizabeth E. Hull
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
McKale Montgomery, Aishwarya Srinivasan
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2019)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stephen L. Clarke, Laurie R. Thompson, Eshan Dandekar, Aishwarya Srinivasan, McKale R. Montgomery
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laurie R. Thompson, Thais G. Oliveira, Evan R. Hermann, Winyoo Chowanadisai, Stephen L. Clarke, McKale R. Montgomery
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Agnes S. Pascual, Jose L. Rapanan, Chandana K. Uppalapati, Kimbal E. Cooper, Kathryn J. Leyva, Elizabeth E. Hull
Summary: Studies suggest that the appearance of fibroblasts and the production of extracellular matrix in fibrosis associated with chronic disease may be caused by differentiation of progenitor cells, response to chronic inflammation, or a combination of both, rather than the EMT transcriptional program. The EMT process in zebrafish keratocytes involves nuclear accumulation of twist and snail/slug transcription factors and is reversed by the addition of ROCK and TGF beta R inhibitors. The requirement for ROCK activation on noncompliant substrata suggests that EMT in terminally differentiated cells like keratocytes may not occur in vivo.
CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Evan R. Hermann, Emily Chambers, Danielle N. Davis, McKale R. Montgomery, Dingbo Lin, Winyoo Chowanadisai
Summary: The study identifies various brain MRI phenotypes associated with the SLC39A8 gene, with the missense ZIP8 polymorphism rs13107325 strongly linked to 22 brain MRI phenotypes. Rare ZIP8 variants are also associated with certain brain MRI phenotypes, in addition to new probable causative SNPs identified in the study. This provides insights into how genetic variation in SLC39A8 may influence brain structure and function.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thais Oliveira, Evan Hermann, Daniel Lin, Winyoo Chowanadisai, Elizabeth Hull, McKale Montgomery
Summary: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial process in development and wound healing, but it can also contribute to the progression and spread of aggressive tumors in cancer, as well as increase resistance to therapy. This study used the SW13 cell line to investigate the connection between iron metabolism and EMT, finding that HDAC inhibitor treatment led to increased iron accumulation, reduced expression of iron export proteins, and enhanced sensitivity to a form of iron-mediated cell death called ferroptosis. These findings suggest potential implications for improving iron-targeted chemotherapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher S. Pulford, Chandana K. Uppalapati, McKale R. Montgomery, Richard L. Averitte, Elizabeth E. Hull, Kathryn J. Leyva
Summary: Studying patient-derived cSCC and adjacent normal tissues revealed a hybrid EMT process within individual cSCC tumors, where cells at the tumor edges displayed a more mesenchymal phenotype, while cells in the center maintained higher expression of epithelial markers. This dynamic may be regulated by miRNA and associated transcription factors, impacting therapeutic strategies for more invasive disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Cameron J. Cardona, Evan R. Hermann, Kate N. Kouplen, Steven D. Hartson, McKale R. Montgomery
Summary: This study reveals the differences in cellular response to iron restriction among different TP53 mutation subtypes, and suggests that mutant TP53-dependent sensitivities to iron restriction are driven by differences in cellular antioxidant and lipid handling protein expression.
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ashlea C. Braun, Micah L. Hartwell, McKale R. Montgomery, Sam R. Emerson, Katherine T. Morris, Benjamin H. Greiner
OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron J. Cardona, McKale R. Montgomery
Summary: Cells regulate the amount of iron within the body and in individual cells tightly, as iron can both promote cell proliferation and contribute to tumor initiation and growth. Iron regulatory proteins (IRPs) maintain iron homeostasis at the cellular level post-transcriptionally. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death, has potential in chemotherapy, and there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that IRPs play critical roles in the adaptive response to ferroptosis and ferroptotic cell death.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Evan Hermann, Thais Oliveira, McKale Montgomery
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Eshan Dandekar, Aishwarya Srinivasan, Stephen Clarke, Mckale Montgomery