Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shutang Tan, Christian Luschnig, Jiri Friml
Summary: The plant hormone auxin is central to plant growth and development, with protein phosphorylation emerging as a crucial post-translational modification type regulating auxin output. This review comprehensively discusses the genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology of kinases and phosphatases involved in auxin action, providing insights into the mechanisms of developmental auxin responses and future directions for integrating protein phosphorylation control into the molecular auxin network.
Article
Plant Sciences
Honglei Wang, Chao Han, Jia-Gang Wang, Xiaoqian Chu, Wen Shi, Lianmei Yao, Jie Chen, Wei Hao, Zhiping Deng, Min Fan, Ming-Yi Bai
Summary: This study reveals that SnRK1 negatively regulates the nitrate signalling pathway, inhibiting the effects of nitrate on plant growth under carbon deficiency conditions. KIN10 phosphorylates NLP7 to affect the regulatory activity of the nitrate signalling pathway.
Review
Cell Biology
Begona Canovas, Angel R. Nebreda
Summary: The ability of cells to cope with various stressful situations is crucial for survival, with p38 alpha kinase playing a key role in the cellular stress response. Understanding the diversity of p38 alpha substrates, their mechanisms, and their connections to specific cellular functions is important for insights into physiology and pathology. Dysregulation of the p38 alpha pathway has been linked to diseases such as inflammation, immune disorders, and cancer.
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mohammad Arefian, N. Bhagya, T. S. Keshava Prasad
Summary: Protein phosphorylation plays a critical role in regulating plant growth, especially during the morphogenesis at flowering stage. Further research on the phosphorylation regulation mechanisms during flowering is needed, which may have a positive impact on increasing crop productivity.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Veronika Obsilova, Karolina Honzejkova, Tomas Obsil
Summary: ASK1, a crucial cellular stress sensor, activates JNKs and p38 MAPKs which when excessively activated can lead to cell death, inflammation and fibrosis. Targeted inhibition of ASK1, the upstream activator of these kinases, is a promising therapeutic strategy for treating various severe conditions including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Miljan Kuljanin, Dylan C. Mitchell, Devin K. Schweppe, Ajami S. Gikandi, David P. Nusinow, Nathan J. Bulloch, Ekaterina V. Vinogradova, David L. Wilson, Eric T. Kool, Joseph D. Mancias, Benjamin F. Cravatt, Steven P. Gygi
Summary: This study presents a redesigned workflow called streamlined cysteine activity-based protein profiling (SLC-ABPP) for measuring amino acid side-chain reactivity, which significantly improves sample throughput. The method has been successfully applied to identify proteome-wide targets of various covalent inhibitors, while also creating a resource of cysteine reactivity data for further research.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jing Xin, Chuanling Li, Kexin Ning, Yuan Qin, Jian-Xiu Shang, Yu Sun
Summary: Protein phosphorylation, especially serine/threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation, is crucial for signaling pathways in plant growth, development, and stress responses. DSP3, an atypical dual-specificity protein tyrosine phosphatase, negatively affects salt stress responses in Arabidopsis by modulating phosphorylated MPK3 and MPK6 levels.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xin Chen, Rongfeng Zhu, Jinjin Zhong, Yongfa Ying, Wenxin Wang, Yating Cao, Hanyi Cai, Xiang Li, Jianwei Shuai, Jiahuai Han
Summary: Researchers used super-resolution microscopy to study the nanoscale structure of cellular necrosomes and discovered rod-shaped mosaic structures formed by RIP1 and RIP3 oligomers. They also revealed the roles and regulatory mechanisms of RIP1 and RIP3 in cell death.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Karen Dunbar, Rebecca A. Jones, Kevin Dingwell, Thomas J. Macartney, James C. Smith, Gopal P. Sapkota
Summary: FAM83F protein interacts with CK1 alpha at the plasma membrane to activate Wnt signaling, leading to axis duplication in Xenopus embryos, and its effects on Wnt signaling are mediated through farnesylation at the plasma membrane.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yen-Ning Chen, Cheng-Hsun Ho
Summary: Ammonium serves as an important nitrogen source for plants, but excessive accumulation can be toxic. Under hypoxic conditions, the protein kinase OsCIPK15 promotes starch mobilization, increasing NH4+ assimilation. During submergence, CIPK15 suppresses AMT activity, resulting in decreased NH4+ accumulation.
Article
Cell Biology
Elizabeth M. Connelly, Karling S. Frankel, Gary S. Shaw
Summary: Aging, toxic chemicals, and changes to cellular environment cause oxidative damage to mitochondria, contributing to neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's. To maintain homeostasis, cells use signaling mechanisms involving PINK1 and parkin to identify and remove damaged proteins and mitochondria. PINK1 phosphorylates ubiquitin on mitochondrial proteins in response to oxidative stress, leading to parkin translocation, further phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins. This ubiquitination is crucial in targeting proteins for degradation or eliminating the whole organelle via mitophagy.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maximilian W. Schenk, Sam Humphrey, A. S. Md Mukarram Hossain, Mitchell Revill, Sarah Pearsall, Alice Lallo, Stewart Brown, Samuel Bratt, Melanie Galvin, Tine Descamps, Cong Zhou, Simon P. Pearce, Lynsey Priest, Michelle Greenhalgh, Anshuman Chaturvedi, Alastair Kerr, Fiona Blackhall, Caroline Dive, Kristopher K. Frese
Summary: In small cell lung cancer, acquired resistance to standard platinum-etoposide chemotherapy often occurs, with Notch and nitric oxide pathways playing a role in mediating this resistance. Upregulation of soluble guanylate cyclase in residual tumor cells is associated with chemoresistance, highlighting this pathway as a potential target for treating relapsed SCLC.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richard M. Lucas, Lin Luo, Jennifer L. Stow
Summary: This article summarizes the important role of ERK1/2 in cell signaling, particularly in immune responses in immune cells. Additionally, it discusses the dysfunctional signaling of ERK1/2 in inflammatory diseases and explores the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting this pathway in inflammation.
BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Renfei Ma, Shangfu Li, Luca Parisi, Wenshuo Li, Hsien-Da Huang, Tzong-Yi Lee
Summary: Phosphorylation is a crucial mechanism for regulating protein activities, but experimental determination of kinase-specific phosphorylation sites is time-consuming and expensive. This study aims to create predictive models for understudied kinases by leveraging relevant sources of similarities. Results demonstrate that 82 out of 116 understudied kinases were predicted with adequate performance, proving the reliability of web-like predictive networks in capturing patterns in such kinases.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maximilian Mosbacher, Sung Sik Lee, Gilad Yaakov, Mariona Nadal-Ribelles, Eulalia de Nadal, Frank van Drogen, Francesc Posas, Matthias Peter, Manfred Claassen
Summary: This study characterizes the regulation of MAP kinase Hog1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and reveals a mixed phosphorylation mechanism regulated by a positive feedback loop. Simulations show that this mechanism is necessary for full sensitivity to stimuli and robustness to perturbations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Irina Kneuper, William Teale, Jonathan Edward Dawson, Ryuji Tsugeki, Eleni Katifori, Klaus Palme, Franck Anicet Ditengou
Summary: This study reveals a synergistic relationship between auxin biosynthesis and cellular auxin efflux in leaf vein development, explaining the formation of midvein morphology through computational modeling. The findings suggest that the site-specific accumulation of auxin, regulated by the balanced action of cellular auxin efflux and local auxin biosynthesis, is crucial for leaf vein formation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengbo Liang, Clara Schmitz, Beatrice Lace, Franck Anicet Ditengou, Chao Su, Eija Schulze, Julian Knerr, Robert Grosse, Jean Keller, Cyril Libourel, Pierre-Marc Delaux, Thomas Ott
Summary: Legumes have the ability to associate with rhizobia for nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis. In Medicago truncatula, root hair colonization by Sinorhizobium meliloti begins from young root hairs, which physically entwine around the symbiont to form rhizobial traps. This unique process involves alterations in membrane organization, cytosolic calcium gradient, actin rearrangements, and symbiotic responses in legumes.
Review
Plant Sciences
Lee Cackett, Leonie H. Luginbuehl, Tina B. Schreier, Enrique Lopez-Juez, Julian M. Hibberd
Summary: Chloroplasts play a crucial role in photosynthesis and various biological processes including nitrogen and sulphur assimilation, amino acid, fatty acid, nucleotide and hormone synthesis. Light is essential for chloroplast formation and directly regulates the expression of chloroplast-related genes. Hormones such as brassinosteriods, cytokinins, auxins and gibberellins are also modulated by light and control chloroplast development during early stages of plant growth. Transcription factors, light signaling, and hormone signaling form a complex network regulating the transcription of chloroplast- and photosynthesis-related genes to control chloroplast development in green tissues.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi Yang, Fang Liu, Le Liu, Mingyue Zhu, Jinfeng Yuan, Yan-Xia Mai, Jun-Jie Zou, Jie Le, Yonghong Wang, Klaus Palme, Xugang Li, Yong Wang, Long Wang
Summary: Gravity-induced root curvature relies on the asymmetric distribution of auxin, which is regulated by the concerted activities of PIN and AUX1 proteins. However, the mechanism underlying the establishment of auxin gradient remains unclear. In this study, a mutant with abnormal root growth and impaired gravitropic response was identified. The gene responsible for this phenotype encodes AtURI, a protein involved in endomembrane trafficking and auxin distribution regulation. AtURI interacts with PFDs to modulate PIN2 recycling and auxin distribution in roots.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naresh Loudya, Douglas P. F. Maffei, Jocelyn Bedard, Sabri Mohd Ali, Paul F. Devlin, R. Paul Jarvis, Enrique Lopez-Juez
Summary: Chloroplast biogenesis requires the synthesis of proteins in both the nucleus and the chloroplast itself. A 1-MDa complex, including TIC20, TIC100, and other proteins, is believed to be the inner membrane TIC translocon for importing nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins. This study investigated the role of TIC100 in chloroplast development and protein import. Mutations in TIC100 resulted in reduced levels of the 1-MDa complex and decreased import of nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins. A second mutation within TIC100 rescued the phenotypes of the first mutation and highlighted the importance of TIC100 in retrograde signaling. These findings suggest that TIC100 and the 1-MDa complex play crucial roles in chloroplast protein import and retrograde signaling.
Article
Plant Sciences
Taras Pasternak, Klaus Palme, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in plant biology, acting as important signal transduction molecules and as toxic byproducts of aerobic metabolism that accumulate in cells upon exposure to different stressors and lead to cell death. In this study, it was found that ROS is an important modulator of auxin distribution and response in plant roots. Genetic alterations in ROS balance led to defective auxin distribution and growth-related responses in roots.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tomas M. Tessi, Veronica G. G. Maurino, Mojgan Shahriari, Esther Meissner, Ondrej Novak, Taras Pasternak, Benjamin S. S. Schumacher, Franck Ditengou, Zenglin Li, Jasmin Duerr, Noemi S. S. Flubacher, Moritz Nautscher, Alyssa Williams, Zuzanna Kazimierczak, Miroslav Strnad, Joerg-Oliver Thumfart, Klaus Palme, Marcelo Desimone, William D. D. Teale
Summary: An environmentally responsive root system is crucial for plant growth and crop yield, especially in suboptimal soil conditions. The protein AZG1, identified as a PIN1 interactor, is involved in auxin:cytokinin crosstalk and plays a role in regulating root system architecture in response to salt stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Taras Pasternak, Stefan Kircher, Klaus Palme, Jose Manuel Perez-Perez
Summary: Root development is regulated by sucrose and light. Carbohydrate starvation during skotomorphogenesis leads to compaction of nuclei in the root apical meristem, hindering cell cycle progression and causing irreversible root differentiation. Adding carbohydrates promotes seedling growth. Transferring carbohydrate-grown seedlings from light to dark promotes cell elongation and reduces root meristem size. Carbohydrates are essential for cell cycle activity and auxin-regulated response in the root apical meristem.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Istvan Petak, Barbara Vodicska, Eniko Kispeter, Robert Doczi, Dora Tihanyi, Dora Lakatos, Anna Dirner, Matyas Vidermann, Reka Szalkai-Denes, Dora Mathiasz, Richard Schwab, Istvan T. Valyi-Nagy
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Istvan Petak, Barbara Vodicska, Eniko Kispeter, Robert Doczi, Dora Tihanyi, Dora Lakatos, Anna Dirner, Matyas Vidermann, Reka Szalkai-Denes, Julia Deri, Maud Kamal, Richard Schwab, Christophe Le Tourneau
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
B. M. Kallai, S. J. Marbach, A. Gyurkovics, A. Pettko-Szandtner, T. Meszaros
Article
Oncology
Eva Remenar, Robert Doczi, Anna Dirner, Anna Sipos, Anita Perjesi, Dora Tihanyi, Barbara Vodicska, Dora Lakatos, Katalin Horvath, Kornelia Kajary, Richard Schwab, Julia Deri, Csongor Gyorgy Lengyel, Edit Varkondi, Istvan Valyi-Nagy, Istvan Petak
JCO PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Naresh Loudya, Priyanka Mishra, Kotaro Takahagi, Yukiko Uehara-Yamaguchi, Komaki Inoue, Laszlo Bogre, Keiichi Mochida, Enrique Lopez-Juez
Summary: Using the developmental gradient in bread wheat leaves, a comprehensive gene expression map was generated capturing the entire developmental gradient from meristematic to fully differentiated cells. The study identified two distinct phases of chloroplast development, involving organelle proliferation and establishment of photosynthetic chloroplasts. Known chloroplast gene expression regulators were predicted to have differential involvement across these stages.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jesus Montiel, Dugald Reid, Thomas H. Gronbaek, Caroline M. Benfeldt, Euan K. James, Thomas Ott, Franck A. Ditengou, Marcin Nadzieja, Simon Kelly, Jens Stougaard
Summary: This study reports intercellular infection of the model legume Lotus japonicus by the IRBG74 strain and reveals the genetic requirements and differences in the pathways governing this process compared to intracellular infection. The results indicate a differential requirement for cytokinin signaling during intercellular rhizobial entry, highlighting distinct modalities of inter- and intracellular infection mechanisms in L. japonicus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carla Brillada, Ooi-Kock Teh, Franck Anicet Ditengou, Chil-Woo Lee, Till Klecker, Bushra Saeed, Giulia Furlan, Marco Zietz, Gerd Hause, Lennart Eschen-Lippold, Wolfgang Hoehenwarter, Justin Lee, Thomas Ott, Marco Trujillo
Summary: Exo70B2 acts as a subunit of the exocyst in the immune response pathway and is involved in regulating transport into vacuoles through interactions with ATG8 and dependence on autophagy. Phosphorylation of Exo70B2 affects its localization and interaction with ATG8, ultimately impacting effector-triggered immunity and sensitivity to BTH. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms that divert Exo70B2 from secretion to autophagy for degradation in order to modulate secretory activity during immune responses.
