Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Salvatore Andrea Pullano, Venkata Deepa Kota, Karthik Kakaraparty, Antonino S. Fiorillo, Ifana Mahbub
Summary: In this paper, an optically unobtrusive dry electrode based on the iono-electric properties of zeolite is developed and proposed for continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. The electrical and bio-electrical characterizations are evaluated for different types of electrodes, and the results show that certain parameters lead to the best performance.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bani Gandhi, N. S. Raghava
Summary: Highly conductive electrodes were fabricated using MWCNT-COOH and PDMS, with a two-step dispersion method used to create thirteen electrodes with varying CNT concentrations and a low percolation threshold. These electrodes were able to be monitored in real-time and remotely through an IoT system.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Aljawharah A. Alsharif, Nataly S. S. Milan Cucuri, Rishabh B. Mishra, Nazek El-Atab
Summary: 3D printed on-skin electrodes have advantages over traditional wet electrodes such as personalization and the use of different materials with distinct properties. Dry electrodes also eliminate the need for electrolyte gel. However, challenges arise in optimizing performance, especially when scaling down the electrodes. This review provides a reference guide on 3D printing techniques and materials for dry EP electrodes and biosignal sensing methodologies.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Simin Masihi, Masoud Panahi, Dinesh Maddipatla, Anthony J. Hanson, Stephen Fenech, Lucas Bonek, Nicholas Sapoznik, Paul D. Fleming, Bradley J. Bazuin, Massood Z. Atashbar
Summary: A flexible wireless electrocardiogram (ECG) device integrated with fabric was developed for monitoring physiological signals in wearable biomedical applications. The device demonstrated similar performance to conventional wet ECG electrodes in terms of signal intensity and correlation. Additionally, the dry electrodes showed better signal-to-noise ratio than commercially available wet electrodes. The fabric-based dry electrodes also performed similar to conventional wet electrodes during physiological activities under exercise motions.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jie Yang, Ke Zhang, Jiajie Yu, Shuai Zhang, Linxiang He, Sicheng Wu, Changbo Liu, Yuan Deng
Summary: Graphene-based epidermal dry electrodes offer a promising solution for timely monitoring of cardiovascular diseases through ECG. However, challenges such as poor stability and integration have hindered their widespread use in healthcare. This study demonstrates the fabrication of robust, reusable, and patterned graphene-based dry electrodes using laser writing technology, supported by PDMS layers, showing excellent stability and reusability for ECG recording. Through careful design and analysis, the staff-shape graphene electrode exhibits sensitivity and reliability comparable to wet Ag/AgCl electrodes, making it suitable for long-term ECG monitoring and wearable 12-lead ECG recording.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chaehyun Kim, Ahram Jang, Sebin Kim, Sungbo Cho, Donghun Lee, Young-Joon Kim
Summary: In this study, a simple and minimally invasive ECG measurement system for mice was developed. It consists of a miniaturized wearable ECG monitoring device and a smartphone application that displays real-time ECG waveform and heart rate. The system proved to be feasible through validation experiments.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yogita Maithani, B. R. Mehta, J. P. Singh
Summary: Reliable detection of physiological signals from the human body is crucial, and wearable bioelectronics are a promising option for health monitoring. The direct writing of laser-induced graphene (LIG) on a Kevlar textile allows for the production of a reusable dry electrode for electrocardiography (ECG). These electrodes show excellent electrical conducting behavior and are comparable to clinical devices with conventional wet electrodes.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Oliver Braun, Jan Overbeck, Maria El Abbassi, Silvan Kaser, Roman Furrer, Antonis Olziersky, Alexander Flasby, Gabriela Borin Barin, Qiang Sun, Rimah Darawish, Klaus Muellen, Pascal Ruffieux, Roman Fasel, Ivan Shorubalko, Mickael L. Perrin, Michel Calame
Summary: This study reports a method for integrating atomically precise graphene nanoribbons in a field-effect transistor geometry using graphene electrodes defined by electron beam lithography, which allows for controlled electrode geometries. Thermal annealing is found to be a crucial step for successful device operation, ensuring stable electronic transport characteristics.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Robert Camos-Vidal, Javier Rosell-Ferrer
Summary: This paper presents a novel ultra-high input impedance buffer for ECG electrodes, which reduces input capacitance and improves acquisition of results. The buffer uses different bootstrapping techniques, input stage biasing, and a unipolar power supply to achieve cost-effective implementation on a PCB. The solution includes protections for electrostatic discharges and filters for interferences, while maintaining a high input impedance design. The paper also proposes a method to measure input impedances in the femtofarads range. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution in meeting industry requirements.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ladan Eskandarian, Amirali Toossi, Farah Nassif, Sahar Golmohammadi Rostami, Siting Ni, Amin Mahnam, Milad Alizadeh Meghrazi, Wataru Takarada, Takeshi Kikutani, Hani E. Naguib
Summary: This paper proposes flexible, breathable, and washable dry textile electrodes made of conductive elastomeric filaments (CEFs) to address the limitations of wearables for continuous monitoring. The CEF electrodes are found to have comparable fidelity to gold standard gel electrodes and are resistant to repeated wash and dry cycles. Smart undergarments with these textile electrodes successfully perform long-term continuous ECG monitoring.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yogita Maithani, Bijit Choudhuri, B. R. Mehta, J. P. Singh
Summary: This study introduces a flexible, conductive, antibacterial, and self-adhesive dry electrode embedded with silver nanorods in polydimethylsiloxane for long-term ECG monitoring. These electrodes have low electrical resistivity and skin contact impedance, comparable signal-to-noise ratio to conventional wet electrodes.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yufei Shi, Yuefei Ding, Wei Wang, Dan Yu
Summary: In this study, a biological electrode based on UV-crosslinked gel is designed, which shows excellent performance and suitability for underwater wearable biosensors.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xin Wang, Shuting Liu, Mingxing Zhu, Yuchao He, Zhilong Wei, Yingying Wang, Yangjie Xu, Hongguang Pan, Weimin Huang, Shixiong Chen, Guanglin Li
Summary: Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a critical physiological indicator that contains abundant information about human heart activities. By introducing wearable biosensors (WBS) technique, a flexible non-contact electrode is proposed, which can monitor the ECG signals during exercise for a long time and obtain high-quality signals.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Josue Ferri, Raul Llinares, Izan Segarra, Antonio Cebrian, Eduardo Garcia-Breijo, Jose Millet
Summary: This paper presents a new manufacturing process for a dry ECG electrode printed on a textile substrate. The electrode is made by screen printing a conductive silver ink coated with a biocompatible carbon layer. The impedance measurements and comparison with a conventional wet electrode show promising results for the dry electrode's performance in ECG monitoring.
ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chaochen Xu, Quanzhou Yao, Hongzhi Du, Changyi Hong, Tao Xue, Yilan Kang, Qunyang Li
Summary: The study investigates the Raman characteristics of graphene derived from CVD when transferred onto polymer substrates using in situ Raman spectroscopy and a tensile test system. It reveals that the Raman 2D-peak position of CVD graphene can shift nonlinearly with applied strain, resulting in a significantly lower RSS coefficient than the theoretical prediction. The abnormal behavior is attributed to nanometer-scale inhomogeneity of the graphene/substrate contact interface, which is essential for correct interpretation of data obtained by Raman or other spectroscopies based on homogenized laser signals.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ramesh Subramani, Mathivanan Narayanasamy, Klaus-D. Feussner
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Dhanavel, N. Manivannan, N. Mathivanan, Vinod Kumar Gupta, V. Narayanan, A. Stephen
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nataraj Poomathi, Ravichandran Balaji, Narayanan Uma Maheswari, Narayanasamy Mathivanan, Paramasivan T. Perumal, Kalpattu K. Balasubramanian, Veluchamy Amutha Barathi, Seeram Ramakrishna
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
C. Chenniappan, M. Narayanasamy, G. M. Daniel, G. B. Ramaraj, P. Ponnusamy, J. Sekar, P. Vaiyapuri Ramalingam
BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
(2019)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
S. Santhosh, N. Manivannan, C. Ragavendran, N. Mathivanan, D. Natarajan, N. Hemalatha, R. Dhandapani
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Gobinath Aroganam, Nadarajah Manivannan, David Harrison
Article
Spectroscopy
Ramanjaneyulu Mala, Koorathota Suman, Manivannan Nandhagopal, Mathivanan Narayanasamy, Sathiah Thennarasu
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandip K. Bera, Jignesh H. Kamdar, Swati V. Kasundra, Sahil V. Patel, Mital D. Jasani, A. K. Mauryal, P. Dash, Ajay B. Chandrashekar, Kirti Rani, N. Manivannan, Pasupuleti Janila, Manish K. Pandey, R. P. Vasanthi, K. L. Dobariya, T. Radhakrishnan, Rajeev K. Varshney
Review
Plant Sciences
Chris O. Ojiewo, Pasupuleti Janila, Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur, Manish K. Pandey, Haile Desmae, Patrick Okori, James Mwololo, Hakeem Ajeigbe, Esther Njuguna-Mungai, Geoffrey Muricho, Essegbemon Akpo, Wanjiku N. Gichohi-Wainaina, Murali T. Variath, Thankappan Radhakrishnan, Kantilal L. Dobariya, Sandip Kumar Bera, Arulthambi Luke Rathnakumar, Narayana Manivannan, Ragur Pandu Vasanthi, Mallela Venkata Nagesh Kumar, Rajeev K. Varshney
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ramanjaneyulu Mala, Manivannan Nandhagopal, Mathivanan Narayanasamy, Sathiah Thennarasu
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
A. Gopinath, N. Manivannan, Sudip Mandal, N. Mathivanan, A. Sultan Nasar
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rajalakshmi Ramamoorthy, Murugesan Muthalagu, Swetha Andra, Balaji Ravichandran, Mathivanan Narayanasamy
SN APPLIED SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Subramanyam Ragupathy, Adam C. Faller, Dhivya Shanmughanandhan, Prasad Kesanakurti, R. Uma Shaanker, Gudasalamani Ravikanth, Ramalingam Sathishkumar, Narayanasamy Mathivanan, Jingyuan Song, Jianping Han, Steven Newmaster
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
G. Abirami, C. Ramprasath, M. Arthi, N. Mathivanan
RESEARCH JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sri Kumaran Nadarajah, Vijayaraj Radha, Jayaprakashvel Mani
PHARMACOGNOSY RESEARCH
(2017)
