New insights into the anti-diabetic actions of metformin: from the liver to the gut

A bitter pill for type 2 diabetes? The activation of bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 can stimulate GLP-1 release from enteroendocrine L-cells

(2016) Hung Pham et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Metformin Activates AMPK through the Lysosomal Pathway

(2016) Chen-Song Zhang et al.   Cell Metabolism

Are Metformin Doses Used in Murine Cancer Models Clinically Relevant?

(2016) Navdeep S. Chandel et al.   Cell Metabolism

Metformin and resveratrol ameliorate muscle insulin resistance through preventing lipolysis and inflammation in hypoxic adipose tissue

(2016) Wenjun Zhao et al.   CELLULAR SIGNALLING

Metformin reduces the rate of small intestinal glucose absorption in type 2 diabetes

(2016) Tongzhi Wu et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Involvement of glucagon-like peptide-1 in the glucose-lowering effect of metformin

(2016) Emilie Bahne et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Once-daily delayed-release metformin lowers plasma glucose and enhances fasting and postprandial GLP-1 and PYY: results from two randomised trials

(2016) Ralph A. DeFronzo et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Gut microbiota in health and disease: an overview focused on metabolic inflammation

(2016) R. Nagpal et al.   Beneficial Microbes

Increased skeletal muscle glucose uptake by rosemary extract through AMPK activation

(2015) Madina Naimi et al.   Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism

Specific inhibition of bile acid transport alters plasma lipids and GLP-1

(2015) Mats Rudling et al.   BMC Cardiovascular Disorders

Metformin Action: Concentrations Matter

(2015) Ling He et al.   Cell Metabolism

The Effect of Nizatidine, a MATE2K Selective Inhibitor, on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Metformin in Healthy Volunteers

(2015) Kari M. Morrissey et al.   CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS

Increased Bile Acid Synthesis and Deconjugation After Biliopancreatic Diversion

(2015) Ele Ferrannini et al.   DIABETES

Effects of Metformin on Metabolite Profiles and LDL Cholesterol in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

(2015) Tao Xu et al.   DIABETES CARE

Inhibition of the multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) transporter by pyrimethamine increases the plasma concentration of metformin but does not increase antihyperglycaemic activity in humans

(2015) J. Oh et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Type 2 diabetes alters metabolic and transcriptional signatures of glucose and amino acid metabolism during exercise and recovery

(2015) Jakob S. Hansen et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Therapeutic Use of Metformin in Prediabetes and Diabetes Prevention

(2015) Ulrike Hostalek et al.   DRUGS

Disentangling type 2 diabetes and metformin treatment signatures in the human gut microbiota

(2015) Kristoffer Forslund et al.   NATURE

Metformin activates a duodenal Ampk–dependent pathway to lower hepatic glucose production in rats

(2015) Frank A Duca et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Comparative Effects of Bile Diversion and Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Male Diabetic Rats

(2015) Xiang Zhang et al.   OBESITY SURGERY

Effects of Sitagliptin on Glycemia, Incretin Hormones, and Antropyloroduodenal Motility in Response to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion in Healthy Lean and Obese Humans and Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With or Without Metformin

(2014) T. Wu et al.   DIABETES

Mechanism of increase in plasma intact GLP-1 by metformin in type 2 diabetes: Stimulation of GLP-1 secretion or reduction in plasma DPP-4 activity?

(2014) Tongzhi Wu et al.   DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE

Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Kidney Disease

(2014) Silvio E. Inzucchi et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Low Concentrations of Metformin Suppress Glucose Production in Hepatocytes through AMP-activated Protein Kinase (AMPK)

(2014) Jia Cao et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis by inhibiting mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase

(2014) Anila K. Madiraju et al.   NATURE

Gastric emptying and glycaemia in health and diabetes mellitus

(2014) Liza K. Phillips et al.   Nature Reviews Endocrinology

Gut motility and enteroendocrine secretion

(2013) Tongzhi Wu et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN PHARMACOLOGY

An increase in theAkkermansiaspp. population induced by metformin treatment improves glucose homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice

(2013) Na-Ri Shin et al.   GUT

Effects of Taurocholic Acid on Glycemic, Glucagon-like Peptide-1, and Insulin Responses to Small Intestinal Glucose Infusion in Healthy Humans

(2013) Tongzhi Wu et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Metformin enhances glucagon-like peptide 1 via cooperation between insulin and Wnt signaling

(2013) Mi-Hyun Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY

Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, skeletal muscle and polycystic ovary syndrome: Effects of pioglitazone and metformin treatment

(2013) Theodore P. Ciaraldi et al.   METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Biguanides suppress hepatic glucagon signalling by decreasing production of cyclic AMP

(2013) Russell A. Miller et al.   NATURE

Single phosphorylation sites in Acc1 and Acc2 regulate lipid homeostasis and the insulin-sensitizing effects of metformin

(2013) Morgan D Fullerton et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Postprandial gut hormone responses and glucose metabolism in cholecystectomized patients

(2012) David P. Sonne et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY

A role for endogenous peptide YY in tachykinin NK2receptor-triggered 5-HT release from guinea pig isolated colonic mucosa

(2012) Shu-ichi Kojima et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Effects of rectal administration of taurocholic acid on glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY secretion in healthy humans

(2012) T. Wu et al.   DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM

Rectal taurocholate increases L cell and insulin secretion, and decreases blood glucose and food intake in obese type 2 diabetic volunteers

(2012) T. E. Adrian et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

The Role of Bile After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Promoting Weight Loss and Improving Glycaemic Control

(2012) Dimitri J. Pournaras et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Overview of metformin: special focus on metformin extended release

(2012) Shamsa Ali et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Metformin

(2011) Garry G. Graham et al.   CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS

Metformin effects revisited

(2011) P. Andújar-Plata et al.   DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE

Mechanisms Underlying Metformin-Induced Secretion of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 from the Intestinal L Cell

(2011) Andrew J. Mulherin et al.   ENDOCRINOLOGY

Bile Acid Is a Host Factor That Regulates the Composition of the Cecal Microbiota in Rats

(2011) K.B.M. Saiful Islam et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

Metformin regulates the incretin receptor axis via a pathway dependent on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α in mice

(2010) A. Maida et al.   DIABETOLOGIA

Metformin inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice independently of the LKB1/AMPK pathway via a decrease in hepatic energy state

(2010) Marc Foretz et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Metformin suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis through induction of SIRT1 and GCN5

(2010) Paul W Caton et al.   JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY

Addition of metformin to exogenous glucagon-like peptide–1 results in increased serum glucagon-like peptide–1 concentrations and greater glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes mellitus

(2010) Joy Cuthbertson et al.   METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Metformin and Insulin Suppress Hepatic Gluconeogenesis through Phosphorylation of CREB Binding Protein

(2009) Ling He et al.   CELL

Reduced-Function SLC22A1 Polymorphisms Encoding Organic Cation Transporter 1 and Glycemic Response to Metformin: A GoDARTS Study

(2009) K. Zhou et al.   DIABETES

Secondary Failure of Metformin Monotherapy in Clinical Practice

(2009) J. B. Brown et al.   DIABETES CARE

Long-Term Inhibition of the Glucagon Receptor with a Monoclonal Antibody in Mice Causes Sustained Improvement in Glycemic Control, with Reversible  -Cell Hyperplasia and Hyperglucagonemia

(2009) W. Gu et al.   JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS

Cardiovascular Outcomes in Trials of Oral Diabetes Medications

(2008) Elizabeth Selvin et al.   ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE

Glucose Sensing in L Cells: A Primary Cell Study

(2008) Frank Reimann et al.   Cell Metabolism

Bile acids and signal transduction: Role in glucose homeostasis

(2008) Amy Nguyen et al.   CELLULAR SIGNALLING

Metformin and the intestine

(2008) C. J. Bailey et al.   DIABETOLOGIA