Article
Food Science & Technology
Po-Yen Lee, Ching-Chih Liu, Shu-Chi Wang, Kai-Yin Chen, Tzu-Chieh Lin, Po-Len Liu, Chien-Chih Chiu, I-Chen Chen, Yu-Hung Lai, Wei-Chung Cheng, Wei-Ju Chung, Hsin-Chih Yeh, Chi-Han Huang, Chia-Cheng Su, Shu-Pin Huang, Chia-Yang Li
Summary: ZEA suppresses macrophage-mediated innate immunity activated by LPS, attenuating the production of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines, inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways, and repressing inflammasome activation. This suggests that ZEA-contaminated food intake may decrease innate immunity and increase adverse effects during infection.
Review
Immunology
Marcella Canton, Ricardo Sanchez-Rodriguez, Iolanda Spera, Francisca C. Venegas, Maria Favia, Antonella Viola, Alessandra Castegna
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for macrophages to eliminate microorganisms, but also play roles in signal transduction, differentiation, and gene expression; different outcomes may result from ROS formation in specific subcellular sites; identifying the intracellular sources of ROS and their impact on cellular processes is crucial for developing therapies targeting oxidative signaling networks.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Joan-Carles Escolano, Anna Taubenberger, Shada Abuhattum, Christine Schweitzer, Aleeza Farrukh, Aranzazu del Campo, Clare E. Bryant, Jochen Guck
Summary: This study investigated how substrate stiffness affects the inflammatory response of macrophages and the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, showing that macrophages are sensitive to substrate stiffness and actomyosin contractility plays a role in this mechanosensory response.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paula Anton-Pampols, Clara Diaz-Requena, Laura Martinez-Valenzuela, Francisco Gomez-Preciado, Xavier Fulladosa, Anna Vidal-Alabro, Joan Torras, Nuria Lloberas, Juliana Draibe
Summary: This review describes the characteristics, activation mechanisms, regulation, and functions of different inflammasomes, and discusses the latest findings on the role of the inflammasome in several glomerulonephritis from in vitro, animal, and human studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Marc Pfefferle, Irina L. Dubach, Raphael M. Buzzi, Elena Duerst, Nadja Schulthess-Lutz, Livio Baselgia, Kerstin Hansen, Larissa Imhof, Sandra Koernig, Didier Le Roy, Thierry Roger, Rok Humar, Dominik J. Schaer, Florence Vallelian
Summary: The study revealed that CD40 signaling in Clec4f(+) Kupffer cells triggers anti-CD40 antibody-induced liver toxicity. However, controlled erythrophagocytosis and the linked anti-inflammatory signaling by the endogenous metabolite heme can be exploited to reprogram liver macrophages and prevent necroinflammatory liver disease caused by high-dose administration of anti-CD40 antibodies.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yiming Ma, Yingjiao Long, Yan Chen
Summary: Cigarette smoke can damage a wide range of immunological functions, including innate and adaptive immune responses. The inflammasome complex is crucial in innate immune response, particularly in cigarette smoke-related diseases and physiopathological disorders. Strategies targeting the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome axis show potential therapeutic effects in these contexts.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Stavros P. Papadakos, Nikolaos Dedes, Elias Kouroumalis, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: This article explores the impact of the NLRP3 inflammasome on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and presents a hypothesis about its potential role. Hepatotropic viruses avoid the NLRP3 inflammasome to sustain chronic infection leading to cirrhosis, while the activation of NLRP3 promotes pro-tumorigenic effects in established tumors. Therefore, studying the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HCC is of great importance in identifying new therapeutic targets.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anukriti Mathur, Callum Kay, Yansong Xue, Abhimanu Pandey, Jiwon Lee, Weidong Jing, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, Jordan Lo Pilato, Shouya Feng, Chinh Ngo, Anyang Zhao, Cheng Shen, Melanie Rug, Lisa A. Miosge, Ines I. Atmosukarto, Jason D. Price, Sidra A. Ali, Elizabeth E. Gardiner, Avril A. B. Robertson, Milena M. Awad, Dena Lyras, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Si Ming Man
Summary: Two virulence factors, lecithinase and perfringolysin O, from the human bacterial pathogen Clostridium perfringens, activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in mice and humans, inducing inflammation and cell death. Lecithinase enters vesicular structures and induces lysosomal membrane destabilization, leading to the release of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongliang Zhang, Jie Gao, Yujie Tang, Tengchuan Jin, Jinhui Tao
Summary: Inflammasomes play a crucial role in both the innate and adaptive immune systems, acting as a bridge between these two components to maintain a fine balance in immune responses. Understanding the function of inflammasomes in lymphocytes can provide new insights into the mechanisms and treatment of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases and tumors.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Zhi Huan Chew, Jianzhou Cui, Karishma Sachaphibulkij, Isabelle Tan, Shreya Kar, Kai Kiat Koh, Kritika Singh, Hong Meng Lim, Soo Chin Lee, Alan Prem Kumar, Stephan Gasser, Lina H. K. Lim
Summary: Intracellular recognition of tumor-derived nucleic acids can activate macrophages, leading to inflammasome activation in the tumor microenvironment, which initiates pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tan Zhang, Shuzhe Ding, Ru Wang
Summary: NLRP3 is a crucial pattern recognition receptor in the innate immune system, with mitochondria playing a key role in inflammasome activation. Exercise is considered an important intervention to regulate immune responses, with different types of training impacting NLRP3 inflammasome activation differently.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aotian Ouyang, Mengwei Zhang, Gailing Yuan, Xiaoling Liu, Jianguo Su
Summary: This study reveals that chitooligosaccharide (COS) has the ability to reverse cortisol-induced immunosuppression in fish and enhance the immune activity of macrophages. Oral administration of COS directly absorbed through the intestine significantly improves the innate immunity of blunt snout bream, leading to increased survival and reduced tissue damage. Thus, COS offers potential strategies for immunosuppression prevention and control in fish.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Anneloes van Duijn, Sjoerd H. Van der Burg, Ferenc A. Scheeren
Summary: This article focuses on the interactions between myeloid immune cells and anti-tumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Blocking the CD47/SIRP alpha axis can enhance adaptive immune response. The potential therapeutic role of CD47/SIRP alpha axis is discussed in tumors with acquired resistance to classic immunotherapy.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Jean M. Kanellopoulos, Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, Sirje Ruutel Boudinot, David M. Ojcius
Summary: Extracellular nucleotides mediate activation through P2 and P1 receptors, with P2X4 receptor responding to ATP in lysosomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Min-Sub Lee, Steven J. Bensinger
Summary: Cholesterol plays a critical role in maintaining the integrity, fluidity, and biochemical function of mammalian cells. Macrophages can rapidly reprogram their cholesterol metabolism in response to immune activation signals. This review discusses current knowledge of cellular cholesterol homeostasis and highlights the reprogramming of cholesterol metabolism in macrophages during immune responses. It also explores the effects of these changes on sensitivity to microbial toxins and the potential therapeutic applications in diseases associated with tissue damage caused by cholesterol-dependent toxins.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Tamara Munoz-Caro, Amanda J. Gibson, Ivan Conejeros, Dirk Werling, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla
Summary: This study found that during bovine PMN-derived NETosis induced by E. bovis, both TLR2 and TLR4 were upregulated, while not significantly affecting phagocytosis of sporozoites. However, it enhanced IL-8 production, with TLR2 inducing stronger NF-kappa B activation compared to TLR4. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed TLR expression on PMN and concurrent NET formation.
Article
Microbiology
Valwynne Faulkner, Adrienne Adele Cox, Shan Goh, Annelies van Bohemen, Amanda J. Gibson, Oliver Liebster, Brendan W. Wren, Sam Willcocks, Sharon L. Kendall
Summary: CRISPRi-based gene silencing can be as impactful as gene deletion for studying non-essential genes, and can be applied to other non-essential antimicrobial resistance genes. Designing sgRNAs targeting transcription initiation or early elongation stages has the most impact on rifampicin susceptibility.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhangrui Cheng, Laura Buggiotti, Mazdak Salavati, Cinzia Marchitelli, Sergio Palma-Vera, Alistair Wylie, Haruko Takeda, Lijing Tang, Mark A. Crowe, D. Claire Wathes
Summary: This study compared the transcriptomic profiles in circulating leukocytes between healthy cows and those with naturally occurring subclinical or clinical mastitis, revealing more intensive changes attributed to clinical mastitis. Most of the differentially expressed genes were associated with cell killing and immune processes. Notably, many upregulated genes encoding antimicrobial peptides in clinical mastitis were not upregulated in subclinical mastitis, suggesting a key role in combating disease organisms.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hadi Atashi, Miel Hostens
Summary: The study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for milk urea concentration in Holstein dairy cows and its relationship with milk yield and compositions. The results show that there is a moderate heritability of MU and some genetic correlations between MU and important traits. Further research is needed to understand the relationships between MU and traits like longevity and metabolic diseases.
Article
Immunology
Francesca Soutter, Dirk Werling, Matthew Nolan, Tatiana Kuster, Elizabeth Attree, Virginia Marugan-Hernandez, Sungwon Kim, Fiona M. Tomley, Damer P. Blake
Summary: A cheap and easy-to-produce oral vaccine has been developed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast expressing Eimeria tenella antigens. The vaccine effectively reduces the replication of Eimeria tenella and improves the growth of chickens, making it an important tool for controlling coccidiosis in chickens, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Amanda J. Gibson, Jennifer Stiens, Ian J. Passmore, Vaiwynne Faulkner, Josephous Miculob, Sam Willcocks, Michael Coad, Stefan Berg, Dirk Werling, Brendan W. Wren, Irene Nobeli, Bernardo Villarreal-Ramos, Sharon L. Kendall
Summary: This study provides the first report on the genetic requirements of an animal-adapted member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) in a natural host. M. bovis has devastating impacts on cattle, and bovine tuberculosis is a significant concern for the economy, animal welfare, and public health. The data highlight the importance of mycobacterial cholesterol catabolism and identify several new virulence factors. Additionally, the findings inform the development of new molecular diagnostics and therapeutics for tuberculosis in both human and animal populations.
Editorial Material
Parasitology
Jeannine Kolakowski, Tim Connelley, Petra Lukacik, Mark Pfuhl, Dirk Werling
Summary: Bovine theileriosis causes significant socioeconomic losses in sub-Saharan Africa. Challenges such as acaricide resistance, limited therapeutic options, and lack of cross-protective vaccines further increase parasite spread risks due to global warming. This article highlights three important areas for investigation for the development of next-generation vaccines.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Rafael Agustin Burgos, Dirk Werling, Carlos Rodrigo Hermosilla
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zhangrui Cheng, Sergio Palma-Vera, Laura Buggiotti, Mazdak Salavati, Frank Becker, Dirk Werling, D. Claire Wathes
Summary: This study investigated the genetic expression differences and genetic variations between dairy cows with clinical mastitis and healthy control cows. The results showed that many immune and inflammatory genes were up-regulated in the early phase of infection, while haemoglobin subunits were mainly up-regulated in the late phase. Additionally, genetic variations associated with immune gene expression were identified. These findings suggest that the initial inflammatory response to E. coli lasted for at least 10 days and genetic differences between cows may predispose them to infection.
Correction
Immunology
Marion Holzapfel, Delphine Bonhomme, Julie Cagliero, Frederique Vernel-Pauillac, Martine Fanton d'Andon, Sophia Bortolussi, Laurence Fiette, Cyrille Goarant, Elsio A. Wunder, Mathieu Picardeau, Albert I. Ko, Dirk Werling, Mariko Matsui, Ivo G. Boneca, Catherine Werts
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Neil Marr, Danae E. E. Zamboulis, Dirk Werling, Alessandro A. A. Felder, Jayesh Dudhia, Andrew A. A. Pitsillides, Chavaunne T. T. Thorpe
Summary: This study reveals that the interfascicular matrix is a unique tendon cell niche, consisting of a rich vascular network and basement membranes. Experimentally, CD146+ cells in the interfascicular matrix were found to play an important role in promoting tendon structure and/or function, but do not exhibit stem cell-like phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Angela Holder, Jeannine Kolakowski, Chloe Rosentreter, Ellen Knuepfer, Sabine A. F. Jegouzo, Oliver Rosenwasser, Heather Harris, Lotta Baumgaertel, Amanda Gibson, Dirk Werling
Summary: Innate immune receptors form complexes with secondary receptors to activate multiple signaling pathways, regulating homeostasis and immunity. A bovine homologue of Mincle (boMincle) has been characterized to be structurally and functionally similar to the human orthologue (huMincle), although there are some differences. BoMincle is predominantly expressed by myeloid cells, but mRNA transcripts were also detected in granulocytes, B cells, and T cells. BoMincle has the potential to recognize endogenous ligands, suggesting its role in homeostasis in cattle.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Jennifer R. Irving, Thomas K. Hiron, Lucy J. Davison, Dong Xia, Samuel Beck, Dirk Werling, Jonathan Williams
Summary: Differentiating between canine inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and intestinal T-cell lymphoma can be challenging and invasive. This study explored the potential use of microRNA (miRNA) as a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosis. Using archived endoscopically-derived tissue, miRNA was extracted and differentially expressed miRNAs were identified to differentiate between normal/minimally inflamed tissue, severe IBD, and T-cell lymphoma in dogs.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sian-Marie Frosini, Georgina Gallow, Amanda Gibson, Juliana Menezes, Constanca Pomba, Anette Loeffler
Summary: This study aimed to detect MRCoPS carriers from faecal samples using qPCR. The results showed that mecA gene can be detected in faeces of MRCoPS carriers and non-carriers by qPCR, which provides a useful method for MRCoPS surveillance.
MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)