Elicitor-mediated enhancement of biomass, polyphenols, mangiferin production and antioxidant activities in callus cultures of Salacia chinensis L.

The present investigation aimed to improve callus biomass, polyphenolic content, biosynthesis of mangiferin and biological potential following application of different elicitor treatments for medicinally important Salacia chinensis L. The leaf-derived callus cultures were established on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D: 2.0 mg/l) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP: 1.5 mg/l). These cultures were treated with different elicitors viz. jasmonic acid (JA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and yeast extracts (YE). The highest calli biomass (five-fold increase within 4 weeks) was achieved when callus was treated with JA (75 mu M). The callus obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (2.0 mg/l), BAP (1.5 mg/l) and treated with JA (75 mu M) displayed augmented values for total phenolics, flavonoids and mangiferin contents. Besides, same treatment elicits the calli for antioxidant properties as evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and metal chelating assays. This is the first report on the elicitation study in genus Salacia and, therefore, the discoveries suggested that, S. chinensis calli might be a perfect source for large-scale production of industrially important secondary metabolites. Concurrently data provide accumulated information demonstrating its prominent antioxidant effect revealing its potential without disturbing natural resources.

Automated summary

This study demonstrated that elicitor treatments on Salacia chinensis L. could enhance callus biomass, polyphenolic content, and mangiferin biosynthesis. The treated calli exhibited significant antioxidant properties, suggesting their potential as a source for industrially important secondary metabolites.