Magic and mystery of microRNA-32

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous, small (similar to 22 nts in length) noncoding RNA molecules that function specifically by base pairing with the mRNA of genes and regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Alterations in miR-32 expression have been found in numerous diseases and shown to play a vital role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, oncogenesis, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. MiR-32 has been documented as an oncomiR in the majority of related studies but has been also verified as a tumour suppressor miRNA in conflicting reports. Moreover, it has a crucial role in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. This review provides an in-depth look into the most recent finding regarding miR-32, which is involved in the expression, regulation and functions in different diseases, especially tumours. Additionally, this review outlines novel findings suggesting that miR-32 may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a targeted therapeutic in several diseases.

Automated summary

MiR-32 is a small noncoding RNA molecule that regulates gene expression by base pairing with mRNA, playing important roles in various diseases with both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive effects, as well as crucial roles in metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. New findings suggest its potential as a noninvasive biomarker and targeted therapeutic in multiple diseases.