Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiaqi Jin, Shan Qiao, Jie Liu, Wenqiang Li, Fang Wang, Xin Gao, Jiawei Tian, Nan Wang, Jiheng Zhang, Jiawei Dong, Haiyun li, Jianjun Wang, Shaoshan Hu, Peng Zhou
Summary: This study found that NETs are abundant in the plasma and thrombi of CVST patients, and PF4 from CVST PLTs induces NET generation through autophagy. NETs can induce PCA by modulating TF and PS, disrupt the endothelial barrier, and transform ECs into a procoagulant phenotype to exacerbate thrombosis.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Smriti Sharma, Thomas M. Hofbauer, Anna S. Ondracek, Stella Chausheva, Arman Alimohammadi, Tyler Artner, Adelheid Panzenboeck, Johanna Rinderer, Inbal Shafran, Andreas Mangold, Robert Winker, Evelyne Wohlschlager-Krenn, Bernhard Moser, Shahrokh Taghavi, Walter Klepetko, Klaus T. Preissner, Irene M. Lang
Summary: The study reveals the significant role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in chronic thrombosis, with targeting these NETs potentially serving as a new therapeutic concept to treat thrombosis and prevent its sequelae.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yilu Zhou, Weimin Tao, Fuyi Shen, Weijia Du, Zhendong Xu, Zhiqiang Liu
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a crucial role in the formation of arterial, venous, and cancer-related thrombosis by promoting coagulation and disrupting vascular microenvironmental homeostasis. These findings provide new targets for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Weiwei Li, Zixiang Wang, Chen'guang Su, Zheng Liao, Yinxuan Pei, Jianli Wang, Zixin Li, Shijie Fu, Jinlong Liu
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are special release products of neutrophils, composed of decondensed chromatin and coated with nucleoproteins. They can form a network structure to effectively capture and eliminate pathogens, and recent studies have shown their role in venous thrombosis. This review provides updated evidence on the mechanism of NETs formation and their role in venous thrombosis, discussing their potential prophylactic and therapeutic value in venous thrombotic disease.
THROMBOSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stephanie H. Chen, Xavier O. Scott, Yoandy Ferrer Marcelo, Vania W. Almeida, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dileep R. Yavagal, Eric C. Peterson, Robert M. Starke, W. Dalton Dietrich, Robert W. Keane, Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari
Summary: The inflammatory response plays a critical role in clotting in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) being the major drivers of thrombosis. Inflammatory proteins are elevated in thrombi of AIS patients, contributing to poor outcomes following stroke.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ziyu Chen, Gaorui Wang, Xueqing Xie, Heng Liu, Jun Liao, Hailian Shi, Min Chen, Shusheng Lai, Zhengtao Wang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: The study found that ginsenoside Rg5 can alleviate the occurrence of experimental DVT by inhibiting NETosis and inflammatory response in neutrophils. This provides a new perspective for the clinical application of Rg5 in the prevention of DVT-related disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jinrong Zheng, Ruiqiang Qi, Cuilian Dai, Gang Li, Mangmang Sang
Summary: This study reports the use of a urease-driven NEs nanodrug delivery system to promote thrombolysis and inhibit rethrombosis. The system actively targets thrombi and releases nanoparticles to induce thrombolysis, with high bioavailability and biosafety. It provides a potential treatment for thrombotic diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Amparo Blanch-Ruiz, Raquel Ortega-Luna, Maria Angeles Martinez-Cuesta, Angeles Alvarez
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death, with blood-cell interactions and endothelial dysfunction playing a key role in thrombus formation. Neutrophil extracellular vesicles (EVs) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been reported to contribute to thrombosis through various mechanisms, requiring exhaustive analysis of their structure and composition to clarify their role in pathological thrombus formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tonglei Han, Hanfei Tang, Changpo Lin, Yang Shen, Dong Yan, Xiao Tang, Daqiao Guo
Summary: Thrombotic complications are a serious health risk worldwide, and the discovery of extracellular traps (ETs) has significantly changed our understanding of thrombosis. ETs promote thrombus formation by activating platelets and coagulating them, and they have been reported to be involved in various thrombotic conditions. This review summarizes the existing evidence of ETs in human and animal model thrombi, and discusses potential novel therapeutic opportunities targeting ETs for the resolution or prevention of thrombosis.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zeng Hanhai, Qin Bin, Zhou Shengjun, Li Jingbo, Guo Yinghan, Cai Lingxin, Cao Shenglong, Zhou Hang, Chen Huaijun, Zhuang Jianfeng, Peng Yucong, Fu Xiongjie, Yu Xiaobo, Tan Xiaoxiao, Li Jianru, Gu Chi, Yan Feng, Chen Gao
Summary: Neutrophils in peripheral blood were found to be higher in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients compared to healthy subjects. The presence of neutrophil extracellular traps released post-SAH could shift microglia towards a more proinflammatory phenotype, contributing to neuroinflammation and poor outcome.
Review
Immunology
Yilu Zhou, Zhendong Xu, Zhiqiang Liu
Summary: Thrombotic diseases are a serious threat to human health, and neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a significant role in abnormal thrombus formation. NETs can prevent the spread of pathogens and effectively eliminate them, but they can also contribute to the formation of pathological thrombi.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mengting Yao, Jiacheng Ma, Dongwen Wu, Chucun Fang, Zilong Wang, Tianting Guo, Jianwen Mo
Summary: Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a part of venous thromboembolism (VTE) that presents as swelling and pain in the lower limbs. The most serious complication of DVT is pulmonary embolism (PE) with high mortality. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of DVT is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment as patients usually show clinical symptoms after thrombus formation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Zhaoyuan Chen, Hao Zhang, Mengdi Qu, Ke Nan, Hanzhong Cao, Juan P. Cata, Wankun Chen, Changhong Miao
Summary: Patients with sepsis often have coagulation dysfunction and the formation of thrombus, with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) playing a key role in sepsis. Clinical evaluation of NETs function could be a valuable biomarker for early diagnosis of sepsis. The interaction of NETs with platelets, complement, and endothelium mediates the formation of immunothrombosis in sepsis, and inhibiting NETs formation is considered a potential treatment for sepsis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michio Okamoto, Rei Mizuno, Kenji Kawada, Yoshiro Itatani, Yoshiyuki Kiyasu, Keita Hanada, Wataru Hirata, Yasuyo Nishikawa, Hideyuki Masui, Naoko Sugimoto, Takuya Tamura, Susumu Inamoto, Yoshiharu Sakai, Kazutaka Obama
Summary: This study investigated the expression and clinical relevance of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in colorectal cancers (CRCs). The results showed that high expression of intratumoral or systemic NETs correlated with poor relapse-free survival (RFS) in CRC patients. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that NETs promoted CRC cell migration mediated by neutrophil elastase (NE), and NE inhibition suppressed liver metastases in CRC cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Jeng-Wei Chen, Chih-Chieh Hsu, Chien-Chia Su, Ron-Bin Hsu, Yen-Ling Chiu, Chiau-Jing Jung, Jean-San Chia
Summary: This study found that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) could be detected in the fibrin sheaths from dialysis patients without clinical manifestations of infection. Bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, were found embedded in NETs in the fibrin sheaths. In rat models, transient bacteremia of S. aureus induced the formation of NETs in enlarged fibrin sheaths, and treatment with DNase I reduced both NET and fibrin sheath formation.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Phillip L. R. Nicolson, Sophie H. Nock, Joshua Hinds, Lourdes Garcia-Quintanilla, Christopher W. Smith, Joana Campos, Alexander Brill, Jeremy A. Pike, Abdullah O. Khan, Natalie S. Poulter, Deidre M. Kavanagh, Stephani Watson, Callum N. Watson, Hayley Clifford, Aarnoud P. Huissoon, Alice Y. Pollitt, Johannes A. Eble, Guy Pratt, Steve P. Watson, Craig E. Hughes
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated that Btk inhibitors selectively block the activation of human platelets through CLEC-2 as opposed to GPVI, suggesting a potential therapeutic use at low doses in patients with thrombo-inflammatory diseases.
Editorial Material
Hematology
Alexander Brill
Article
Cell Biology
Jeremy A. Pike, Victoria A. Simms, Christopher W. Smith, Neil V. Morgan, Abdullah O. Khan, Natalie S. Poulter, Iain B. Styles, Steven G. Thomas
Summary: The assessment of platelet spreading and quantification through light microscopy is crucial for platelet biologists. The presented workflow uses image segmentation and machine learning to analyze a large number of cells efficiently. The method is freely available and implemented using open-source software.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga Porembskaya, Yana Toropova, Vladimir Tomson, Kirill Lobastov, Leonid Laberko, Viacheslav Kravchuk, Sergey Saiganov, Alexander Brill
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Hematology
Abdullah O. Khan, Rachel J. Stapley, Jeremy A. Pike, Susanne N. Wijesinghe, Jasmeet S. Reyat, Ibrahim Almazni, Kellie R. Machlus, Neil Morgan
Summary: The UK Genotyping and Phenotyping of Platelets study aimed to identify candidate gene mutations in 74 patients with platelet-based bleeding for future research. By using data frame indexing and a gene panel, novel and rare variants were identified, and patients were indexed against a murine RNA sequencing dataset to reveal candidate gene variants.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Joana Campos, Alexander Brill
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Hematology
Rachel J. Stapley, Christopher W. Smith, Elizabeth J. Haining, Andrea Bacon, Sian Lax, Vera P. Pisareva, Andrey Pisarev, Steve P. Watson, Abdullah O. Khan, Neil Morgan
Summary: SLFN14 has been identified as an endoribonuclease that regulates protein synthesis by cleaving RNA, impacting lineage commitment in hematopoiesis. A knock-in mouse model with a SLFN14 mutation similar to that found in human patients showed distinct phenotypes, with platelet defects in humans and severe microcytic erythrocytosis in mice, highlighting the species-specific role of SLFN14 in mammalian hematopoiesis.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Brill
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Rachel J. Stapley, Natalie S. Poulter, Abdullah O. Khan, Christopher W. Smith, Patricia Bignell, Carl Fratter, Will Lester, Gillian Lowe, Neil Morgan
Summary: The study identified rare conserved missense variants in TPM4 gene in 3 patients, leading to platelet function defects. The research highlights the importance of including TPM4 in diagnostic genetic screening for patients with significant bleeding and undiagnosed platelet disorders.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abdullah O. Khan, Jasmeet S. Reyat, Harriet Hill, Joshua H. Bourne, Martina Colicchia, Maddy L. Newby, Joel D. Allen, Max Crispin, Esther Youd, Paul G. Murray, Graham Taylor, Zania Stamataki, Alex G. Richter, Adam F. Cunningham, Matthew Pugh, Julie Rayes
Summary: This study found that the interaction between pericytes and endothelial cells is disrupted in COVID-19 infection, leading to increased microvascular endothelial permeability, which may result in thrombotic and bleeding complications.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Abdullah O. Khan, Antonio Rodriguez-Romera, Jasmeet S. Reyat, Aude-Anais Olijnik, Michela Colombo, Guanlin Wang, Wei Xiong Wen, Nikolaos Sousos, Lauren C. Murphy, Beata Grygielska, Gina Perrella, Christopher B. Mahony, Rebecca E. Ling, Natalina E. Elliott, Christina Simoglou Karali, Andrew P. Stone, Samuel Kemble, Emily A. Cutler, Adele K. Fielding, Adam P. Croft, David Bassett, Gowsihan Poologasundarampillai, Anindita Roy, Sarah Gooding, Julie Rayes, Kellie R. Machlus, Bethan Psaila
Summary: This study presents a human bone marrow organoid that can support the growth and survival of primary cells from patients with myeloid and lymphoid blood cancers. This organoid model allows for mechanistic studies of blood cancers within their microenvironment and serves as an ex vivo tool for prioritizing new therapeutics.
Article
Immunology
Christopher Mapperley, Louie N. van de Lagemaat, Hannah Lawson, Andrea Tavosanis, Jasmin Paris, Joana Campos, David Wotherspoon, Jozef Durko, Annika Sarapuu, Junho Choe, Ivayla Ivanova, Daniela S. Krause, Alex von Kriegsheim, Christian Much, Marcos Morgan, Richard I. Gregory, Adam J. Mead, Donal O'Carroll, Kamil R. Kranc
Summary: The study reveals that YTHDF2 acts as a repressor of inflammatory pathways in hematopoietic stem cells, and long-term deletion of YTHDF2 results in HSC dysfunction and ultimately leads to multilineage hematopoiesis failure.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)