Review
Oncology
Mary E. Carter, Andre Koch, Ulrich M. Lauer, Andreas D. Hartkopf
Summary: Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer globally, with oncolytic viruses showing promise as a new treatment approach. Several types of oncolytic viruses have been studied in clinical trials, demonstrating clinical activity in patients with different advanced tumors including breast cancer. Further research is needed to explore optimal treatment strategies for breast cancer using oncolytic viruses.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Maryum Nisar, Rehan Zafar Paracha, Sidra Adil, Sumair Naseem Qureshi, Hussnain Ahmed Janjua
Summary: Chemotherapy resistance and the unique tumor microenvironment contribute to the difficulty in managing pancreatic cancer. Advanced immunotherapies, specifically oncolytic virus therapy, show promise in enhancing immune response and improving patient survival.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shyambabu Chaurasiya, Yuman Fong, Susanne G. Warner
Summary: Oncolytic viruses are a new class of therapeutics that have shown promise in clinical trials, although their anti-tumor efficacy as monotherapy is modest. Most oncolytic viruses are well tolerated, even in immune-suppressed patients, at the currently defined highest feasible doses. Enhancing the potency of oncolytic viruses is necessary for more viruses to be used effectively in clinical settings, thus they are being studied in combination with other therapies for higher therapeutic benefits.
Review
Virology
Alexander Malogolovkin, Nizami Gasanov, Alexander Egorov, Marianna Weener, Roman Ivanov, Alexander Karabelsky
Summary: Recent breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapy have transformed oncology and provided new hope for a cure. The combination of oncolytic viruses with immune checkpoint inhibitors shows promise, but finding the most effective combinations remains complex. This review highlights the efficacy, safety, and future perspectives of virotherapy based on clinical trial data.
Review
Oncology
Isobel P. Taylor, J. Alejandro Lopez
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a common and difficult-to-treat cancer. Surgical resection and chemotherapy are the standard treatments, but the clinical outcomes are still poor. This paper reviews the clinical trials of conditionally-replicative adenoviruses in pancreatic cancer, providing a summary of the current literature and future prospects of this therapy.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Mengyuan Li, Minghuan Zhang, Qian Ye, Yunhua Liu, Wenbin Qian
Summary: Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising treatment for human cancers that can elicit curative effects via systemic administration. Recent studies have shown that genetically modified viruses can effectively combat immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. Oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV) has gained popularity due to its safety, potential for systemic delivery, and large gene insertion capacity. This review discusses current research on the use of engineered mutated viruses and gene-armed OVVs to reverse the tumor microenvironment and enhance antitumor activity, as well as ongoing clinical trials and combination therapies. The potential benefits and drawbacks of OVV as a cancer therapy are also explored.
CANCER BIOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Wenhao Luo, Yawen Wang, Taiping Zhang
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a growing global burden and remains one of the most lethal cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, resistant to traditional treatments. Oncolytic virus therapy, as a promising new treatment option, can selectively replicate in tumor cells and activate tumor-specific T-cells. However, its mono-therapeutic efficacy is controversial, especially for advanced patients, highlighting the need for combination therapies to improve outcomes and prevent recurrence.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Masmudur M. Rahman, Grant McFadden
Summary: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a novel cancer treatment modality that selectively target and kill cancer cells while sparing normal ones. Engineered OVs show great potential in clinical trials, but combination therapies with other treatments may further improve their efficacy.
Article
Immunology
Mathieu J. F. Crupi, Zaid Taha, Thijs J. A. Janssen, Julia Petryk, Stephen Boulton, Nouf Alluqmani, Anna Jirovec, Omar Kassas, Sarwat T. Khan, Sydney Vallati, Emily Lee, Ben Zhen Huang, Michael Huh, Larissa Pikor, Xiaohong He, Ricardo Marius, Bradley Austin, Jessie Duong, Adrian Pelin, Serge Neault, Taha Azad, Caroline J. Breitbach, David F. Stojdl, Michael F. Burgess, Scott McComb, Rebecca Auer, Jean-Simon Diallo, Carolina S. Ilkow, John Cameron Bell
Summary: This study proposes a novel combination strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancers using oncolytic vaccinia virus to enhance immune-payload delivery and boost T cell responses within tumors. TCEs targeting CEACAM5 and CD3 stimulate robust activation of CD4 and CD8-positive T cells in in vitro co-culture models with colorectal cancer cells, and lead to regression of colorectal tumors in syngeneic and xenograft mouse models.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Seyed-Mahmood Seyed-Khorrami, Arezou Azadi, Nasrin Rastegarvand, Ala Habibian, Hoorieh Soleimanjahi, Marek J. Los
Summary: Immunotherapy and virotherapy have emerged as new methods for cancer treatment, with better specificity and outcomes. Applying these strategies in the treatment of malignancies is of great significance, based on advances in understanding cancer cell biology and oncolytic viruses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander L. Ling, Isaac H. Solomon, Ana Montalvo Landivar, Hiroshi Nakashima, Jared K. Woods, Andres Santos, Nafisa Masud, Geoffrey Fell, Xiaokui Mo, Ayse S. Yilmaz, James Grant, Abigail Zhang, Joshua D. Bernstock, Erickson Torio, Hirotaka Ito, Junfeng Liu, Naoyuki Shono, Michal O. Nowicki, Daniel Triggs, Patrick Halloran, Raziye Piranlioglu, Himanshu Soni, Brittany Stopa, Wenya Linda Bi, Pierpaolo Peruzzi, Ethan Chen, Seth W. Malinowski, Michael C. Prabhu, Yu Zeng, Anne Carlisle, Scott J. Rodig, Patrick Y. Wen, Eudocia Quant Lee, Lakshmi Nayak, Ugonma Chukwueke, L. Nicolas Gonzalez Castro, Sydney D. Dumont, Tracy Batchelor, Kara Kittelberger, Ekaterina Tikhonova, Natalia Miheecheva, Dmitry Tabakov, Nara Shin, Alisa Gorbacheva, Artemy Shumskiy, Felix Frenkel, Estuardo Aguilar-Cordova, Laura K. Aguilar, David Krisky, James Wechuck, Andrea Manzanera, Chris Matheny, Paul P. Tak, Francesca Barone, Daniel Kovarsky, Itay Tirosh, Mario L. Suva, Kai W. Wucherpfennig, Keith Ligon, David A. Reardon, E. Antonio Chiocca
Summary: A phase I clinical trial in patients with rGBM showed that treatment with an oncolytic herpes virus (oHSV) enhanced anticancer immune responses, particularly in individuals with serology matching the virus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masahiro Kagabu, Naoto Yoshino, Kazuyuki Murakami, Hideki Kawamura, Yutaka Sasaki, Yasushi Muraki, Tsukasa Baba
Summary: In this study, the therapeutic potential of a triple-mutated oncolytic herpes virus (T-01) combined with an immune checkpoint inhibitor was evaluated for HPV-related cervical cancer in a murine model. The combination therapy showed comparable efficacy to anti-PD-L1 antibody alone when administered intratumorally or subcutaneously, and did not have a significant antitumor effect on the non-T-01-injected side. The combination therapy increased the number of tumor specific T-cells and had a cytotoxic effect on stimulated T-cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yalei Zhang, Ye Li, Kun Chen, Ling Qian, Peng Wang
Summary: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are emerging as a promising therapeutic agent to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. Strategies involving OVs include serving as a cancer vaccine, expressing proinflammatory factors and immune checkpoint inhibitors, and regulating nonimmune stromal constituents. Optimization of preclinical models and achieving systemic delivery of OVs are crucial for the successful clinical translation in the future.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ramazan Rezaei, Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh, Mahdieh Farzanehpour, Ruhollah Dorostkar, Reza Ranjbar, Masoumeh Bolandian, Majid Mirzaei Nodooshan, Akbar Ghorbani Alvanegh
Summary: CAR T-cell therapy has shown success in hematologic malignancies but faces obstacles in solid tumors, which oncolytic virotherapy can help overcome by synergizing with CAR T-cell application and enhancing therapeutic effects. Researchers can use oncolytic virotherapy to engineer viruses that selectively deliver specific therapeutic agents to the tumor environment.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Maryam Sadri, Alireza Najafi, Ali Rahimi, Nafiseh Behranvand, Mohammad Hossein Kazemi, Hossein Khorramdelazad, Reza Falak
Summary: Researchers have explored novel strategies for cancer treatment in the past few decades, particularly using oncolytic viruses (OVs) alone or in combination with other anticancer therapies. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) poses a significant challenge for virotherapy. In this review, the authors discuss the dual effect of hypoxia on different types of OVs and propose strategies to optimize therapeutic methods.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
