Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuanyuan Deng, Ruirong Tan, Fei Li, Yuangui Liu, Jingshan Shi, Qihai Gong
Summary: The study found that IRN treatment can reduce infarct volume, improve neurological function, decrease neuronal death rate, brain water content, and aquaporin-4 expression in the ischemic penumbra of I/R injury rats' brains. In addition, IRN treatment can inhibit I kappa B-alpha degradation, NF-kappa B p65 activation, CX3CR1 expression, as well as microglial activation and inflammatory response. These findings suggest that IRN is a promising candidate for treating cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting microglial activation and neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Guillermo Goode-Romero, Laura Dominguez
Summary: The CX3CR1 receptor and its ligand fractalkine play a critical role in various cellular pathways and diseases. This study used MD simulations to investigate the receptor's conformation and ligand interactions, aiming to understand its functional states and the complexity of the GPCR superfamily.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR GRAPHICS & MODELLING
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Meena S. Subbarayan, Aurelie Joly-Amado, Paula C. Bickford, Kevin R. Nash
Summary: Neuroinflammation, mediated by CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling, plays a significant role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. CX3CL1 acts as a modulator, reducing inflammatory responses and exerting neuroprotective effects. However, it can also promote neurodegeneration. This review provides an overview of the complex nature of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling in various neurodegenerative diseases.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kaira A. Church, Derek Rodriguez, Andrew S. Mendiola, Difernando Vanegas, Irene L. Gutierrez, Ian Tamayo, Abdul Amadu, Priscila Velazquez, Sandra M. Cardona, Stefka Gyoneva, Anne C. Cotleur, Richard M. Ransohoff, Tejbeer Kaur, Astrid E. Cardona
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes with no cure. This study found that polymorphic variants of CX3CR1 exacerbate inflammation, neuronal loss, and vascular damage in diabetic retinas. Pharmacological depletion of microglia reduced neurodegeneration and angiogenesis in wild-type mice, but not in mice with CX3CR1 variants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shunyi Zhao, Jiaying Zheng, Lingxiao Wang, Anthony D. Umpierre, Sebastian Parusel, Manling Xie, Aastha Dheer, Katayoun Ayasoufi, Aaron J. Johnson, Jason R. Richardson, Long-Jun Wu
Summary: Chemogenetic approaches using DREADD were employed in microglia, specifically targeting CX3CR1(+) cells. Activation of hM4Di on CX3CR1(+) cells induced hypolocomotion, which was unexpectedly preserved even when microglia were depleted. The expression of hM4Di in peripheral immune cells may be responsible for the observed hypolocomotion. Rigorous data analysis and interpretation are necessary when manipulating microglia using the Cx3cr1(CreER/+) mouse line.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gregory P. Takacs, Christian J. Kreiger, Defang Luo, Guimei Tian, Julia S. Garcia, Loic P. Deleyrolle, Duane A. Mitchell, Jeffrey K. Harrison
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor with poor survival rates. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of GBM is characterized by immunosuppressive cells, including CCR2(+)/CX3CR1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). These MDSCs are recruited to the TME through the chemokines CCL2 and CCL7. Targeting CCL2 and CCL7 may be a promising strategy for GBM treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barbara Vuic, Tina Milos, Lucija Tudor, Marcela Konjevod, Matea Nikolac Perkovic, Maja Jazvinscak Jembrek, Gordana Nedic Erjavec, Dubravka Svob Strac
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases, characterized by protein aggregation in the brain, can be influenced by the activation of CB2 receptors in the endocannabinoid system. Studies suggest that activating CB2 receptors has potential benefits in reducing protein aggregation-based pathology, attenuating inflammation, and alleviating dementia-related symptoms.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ming-Lei Guo, Ernest T. Chivero, Shannon E. Callen, Shilpa Buch
Summary: Microglia, the primary immunocompetent cells in the brain, might play a role in drug addiction by promoting inflammation through factors like IL1 beta; findings showed that CX3CR1 deficiency could enhance NLRP3 inflammasome activity, leading to behavioral changes in response to cocaine; the study demonstrated the impact of microglia functional status on cocaine reward effects and suggested targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential therapeutic approach for drug addiction.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Dominic D. Skinner, Amber R. Syage, Gema M. Olivarria, Colleen Stone, Bailey Hoglin, Thomas E. Lane
Summary: By characterizing the molecular and cellular changes in transgenic mice, this study reveals the changes in the profile of neutrophils associated with increased white matter damage in mice persistently infected with a neurotropic coronavirus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Wanda Grabon, Sylvain Rheims, Jonathon Smith, Jacques Bodennec, Amor Belmeguenai, Laurent Bezin
Summary: Despite low levels of CB2R expression in the central nervous system, it plays a complex role in immune and neuronal modulation at the behavioral level. Recent evidence shows its potential as a promising target in neurological disorders by protecting the brain and its functions under neuroinflammatory conditions. This article provides an updated overview of CB2R function in rodents, including modulation of immune function, behavior, and neuronal activity in physiological and neuroinflammatory contexts.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
M. Galan-Ganga, C. Rodriguez-Cueto, J. Merchan-Rubira, F. Hernandez, J. avila, M. Posada-Ayala, J. L. Lanciego, E. Luengo, M. G. Lopez, A. Rabano, J. Fernandez-Ruiz, I. Lastres-Becker
Summary: The study revealed an increase in CB2 receptor expression in hippocampal neurons in Tauopathies, contributing to neurodegeneration, and providing a novel therapeutic strategy for investigation.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xionghui Chen, Xuying He, Feng Xu, Ningbo Xu, Nona Hashem Sharifi, Pengjie Zhang, Jerry J. Flores, Lei Wu, Qiuguang He, Hideki Kanamaru, Shiyi Zhu, Siyuan Dong, Mingyang Han, Ye Yuan, Lei Huang, Liyan Miao, John H. Zhang, Youxin Zhou, Jiping Tang
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic effects of r-FKN on experimental germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that r-FKN could promote hematoma resolution, attenuate neuroinflammation and neurological deficits, and induce M1/M2 microglial polarization through the AMPK/PPARγ signaling pathway.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qi-wen Han, Qian-hang Shao, Xiao-tong Wang, Kai-li Ma, Nai-hong Chen, Yu-he Yuan
Summary: Neuroinflammation is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases, and microglial cell activation leads to inflammatory response and release of neurotoxic molecules that accelerate neuronal death and degeneration. Both CB2 receptors and Nurr1 are present in microglial cells, and they regulate common molecular factors such as NF-kappa B. Activation of CB2 receptors increases nuclear Nurr1 protein, and Nurr1 overexpression increases CB2 receptor mRNA level. The CB2 receptor activation leads to increased levels of p-ERK, p-AKT, and p-GSK-3 beta. The interplay between β-arrestin2/ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT/GSK-3 beta pathways contributes to the upregulation of nuclear Nurr1. CB2 receptor activation weakens the phagocytic function of microglial cells, and Nurr1 activation also inhibits phagocytosis. This study provides insights into the role of CB2 receptors and Nurr1 in phagocytosis and potential treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Fumihiro Saika, Shinsuke Matsuzaki, Shiroh Kishioka, Norikazu Kiguchi
Summary: The study focuses on investigating the sex-dependent roles of microglia in pain hypersensitivity, highlighting the importance of understanding the molecular aspects of spinal microglia regulation in pain. The results showed that chemogenetic activation of spinal microglia resulted in pain hypersensitivity in male mice, with sex differences observed in the upregulation of reactive microglia-dominant molecules and response to microglia depletion using pexidartinib.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mayumi Nagashimada, Kazuki Sawamoto, Yinhua Ni, Hironori Kitade, Naoto Nagata, Liang Xu, Masuko Kobori, Naofumi Mukaida, Tatsuya Yamashita, Shuichi Kaneko, Tsuguhito Ota
Summary: The CX3CL1-CX3CR1 system is crucial in regulating inflammation, particularly in obese mice with adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. Deficiency in CX3CR1 signaling leads to an increase in M1 polarized macrophages, worsening glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in obese mice. Targeting the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 system may be beneficial in treating type 2 diabetes by modulating M1/M2 macrophages.
Editorial Material
Anesthesiology
Mohamed Naguib, Joseph F. Foss
ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
(2015)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiang Wu, Mark Hocevar, Joseph F. Foss, Bihua Bie, Mohamed Naguib
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Anesthesiology
Bihua Bie, Jiang Wu, Joseph F. Foss, Mohamed Naguib
CURRENT OPINION IN ANESTHESIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Bihua Bie, Jiang Wu, Joseph F. Foss, Mohamed Naguib
Article
Anesthesiology
Chiyo Ootaki, Tyler Stevens, John Vargo, Jing You, Ayako Shiba, Joseph Foss, Raymond Borkowski, Walter Maurer
Article
Anesthesiology
B. B. Abdelmalak, J. Knittel, J. B. Abdelmalak, J. E. Dalton, E. Christiansen, J. Foss, M. Argalious, R. Zimmerman, G. Van den Berghe
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2014)
Article
Anesthesiology
Basem Abdelmalak, Joseph B. Abdelmalak, Justin Knittel, Eric Christiansen, Edward Mascha, Robert Zimmerman, Maged Argalious, Joseph Foss
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
(2010)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
V. D. Schmith, J. F. Foss
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2010)
Review
Anesthesiology
Marco A. Maurtua, Michael Fernando, Patrick S. Finnegan, Behram Mehta, Jiang Wu, Joseph Foss, Mauricio Perilla, Andrew Zura, D. John Doyle
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ANESTHESIA
(2012)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiang Wu, Mark Hocevar, Bihua Bie, Joseph F. Foss, Mohamed Naguib
Article
Neurosciences
Bihua Bie, Jiang Wu, Joseph F. Foss, Mohamed Naguib
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiang Wu, Bihua Bie, Joseph F. Foss, Mohamed Naguib
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Jiang Wu, Bihua Bie, Joseph F. Foss, Mohamed Naguib
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2017)
Letter
Anesthesiology
Basem Abdelmalak, Robert Zimmerman, Joseph Foss
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
(2011)