Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eman El-Khateeb, Eman I. El-Berri, Esraa M. Mosalam, Mohamed Z. Nooh, Shimaa Abdelsattar, Amira M. Alghamdi, Sarah Alrubia, Mahmoud S. Abdallah
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of combining montelukast therapy with metformin in obese diabetic patients. The results showed that montelukast adjuvant therapy was superior to metformin-only therapy in diabetes control and weight loss, and it was well-tolerated and safe throughout the study duration.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Johanna Michael, Julia Zirknitzer, Michael Stefan Unger, Rodolphe Poupardin, Tanja Riess, Nadine Paiement, Horst Zerbe, Birgit Hutter-Paier, Herbert Reitsamer, Ludwig Aigner
Summary: The study demonstrates potential of the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast (MTK) as a drug candidate for Alzheimer's disease by modulating microglia and CD8+ T-cells, leading to improved cognitive functions. The effects are more pronounced in females and are dose-dependent, suggesting higher doses may be needed in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Yuxuan Zhao, Xinyi Zhang, Congxiao Han, Yuchun Cai, Sicong Li, Xiaowen Hu, Caiying Wu, Xiaodong Guan, Christine Lu, Xiaoyan Nie
Summary: Pharmacogenetic research on leukotriene modifiers for asthma is progressing rapidly, but genetic testing for LTMs is not widely used in clinical practice yet. This systematic review and meta-analysis found variability in the pharmacogenomics of LTMs treatment response, with LTC4S-444A/C potentially influencing the treatment response of asthma patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ha Young Jang, In-Wha Kim, Jung Mi Oh
Summary: The study found that the use of LTRAs was associated with a decreased risk of cancer, especially when used in high dose and for a longer duration. The results could be utilized for developing new chemo-preventive regimens or designing feasible RCTs.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amir Saeed Khan, Anne Wolf, Thomas Langmann
Summary: The synthetic AhR agonist 2AI has been shown to inhibit microglia inflammation and induce antioxidant gene expression, highlighting AhR as a potential drug target for immunomodulatory and antioxidant therapies.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Neeraj Dholia, Gurupreet S. Sethi, Amarjit S. Naura, Umesh C. S. Yadav
Summary: The study found that LTD4 can induce inflammatory response in human airway epithelial cells by activating the NALP3 inflammasome, and further promote airway epithelial cells' remodeling through the TGF-beta/smad2/3-mediated pathway. Additionally, obese mice challenged with OVA showed asthma-like lung inflammation and remodeling phenotypes.
INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Defang Ren, Yu Fu, Li Wang, Jianqin Liu, Xia Zhong, Jiyuan Yuan, Chaoli Jiang, Honglian Wang, Zhi Li
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated that tetrandrine ameliorates Alzheimer's disease by suppressing microglia-mediated inflammation and neurotoxicity.
Article
Cell Biology
Shakti Ranjan Satapathy, Souvik Ghatak, Anita Sjoelander
Summary: This study investigates the role of the CysLT1R/Wnt/ss-catenin signaling pathway in regulating PD-L1 expression in colorectal cancer. The study shows that upregulation of CysLT1R enhances PD-L1 expression, and targeting CysLT1R with its antagonist or using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inhibition reduces PD-L1 expression, potentially improving the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sushama Jadhav, Prajakta Makar, Vijay Nema
Summary: HIV-1 viral proteins activate astrocytes and microglia, leading to the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. This study demonstrates that HIV-1 Nef upregulates IL-6, IP-10, and TNF-alpha levels in normal human astrocytes. RNA interference can downregulate inflammatory cytokines and is associated with the upregulation of kynurenine pathway metabolites. The findings suggest the potential of combining RNA interference with current antiretroviral therapy to prevent neurotoxicity development.
Article
Cell Biology
Sakura Fujisawa, Yuka Nagata, Ryo Suzuki
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms underlying CysLT1R-mediated mast cell activation. The results showed that CysLT1R plays a major role in accelerating mast cell activation. CysLT1R enhances mast cell activation by accelerating IgE-induced signal transduction, enabling the co-regulation of rapid degranulation and delayed synthesis of inflammatory mediators.
CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhengying Wang, Xiuling Wu, Jinghong Liu, Yu Wang, Yue Zhang, Yan Wu, Yingxue Kang, Ronghai Zhang, Jin Li, Delong Liu
Summary: Montelukast sodium can reduce the number of reactive cells, the number of lymphocytes in blood cells, and blood vessels in adenoid lymphoid tissue, providing a new idea for preoperative intervention and non-surgical treatment of adenoid hypertrophy in children. However, further studies with longer treatment periods are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of montelukast sodium on adenoid lymphoid tissue.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
HuiMin Li, Yan Wang, Bin Wang, Min Li, JiPing Liu, HongLian Yang, YongHeng Shi
Summary: The study demonstrated that the combination of BC and GP inhibited the activation of microglial cells induced by OGD/R in a dose-dependent manner by regulating the 5-LOX/LTB4 signaling pathways. The BC/GP treatment also attenuated the inflammatory response and reduced the expression of 5-LOX pathway proteins, suggesting a potential new therapeutic strategy for ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Le Bai, Yong Xu, Tingyu Pan, Ying Zhang, Xianmei Zhou, Jie Xu
Summary: According to a meta-analysis of observational studies, there is no significant association between the use of leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) and the risk of neuropsychiatric entities. There is a mildly increased risk of neuropsychiatric entities in patients with allergic rhinitis, but no significant association in patients with asthma or in studies using data from databases.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Ji-Su Shim, Min-Hye Kim, Min-Ho Kim, Young-Joo Cho, Eun Mi Chun
Summary: This study investigated the association between the use of a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA) and the risk of developing NP diseases in adults with asthma using nationwide, retrospective cohort data. The results showed that LTRA exposure or duration of use was not associated with the occurrence of NP diseases in Korean adult asthmatics.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Andrew Bush
Summary: Preschool wheeze is common and difficult to treat. Most children do not require investigations, but a detailed history and physical examination are necessary to rule out other diagnoses. The symptom pattern can be divided into viral episodic and multiple trigger, and must be regularly reassessed. Proper use of spacers and avoiding tobacco smoke exposure are essential. Treatment is symptomatic with no disease-modifying therapies available.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.