Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amanda Medeiros Recuero, Larissa Garcia Gomes, Gustavo Arantes Rosa Maciel, Fernanda de Mello Malta, Ana Paula Moreira Salles, Denise Cerqueira Paranagua Vezozzo, Edmund Chada Baracat, Joao Renato Rebello Pinho, Flair Jose Carrilho, Jose Tadeu Stefano, Claudia P. Oliveira
Summary: In patients with PCOS, metabolic characteristics are more relevant than PNPLA3 polymorphism regarding the risk for NAFLD and its advanced forms, but these factors can act synergistically, increasing disease risk.
Article
Microbiology
Emma Pietsch, Abhinay Ramaprasad, Sabrina Bielfeld, Yvonne Wohlfarter, Bohumil Maco, Korbinian Niedermueller, Louisa Wilcke, Joachim Kloehn, Markus A. Keller, Dominique Soldati-Favre, Michael J. Blackman, Tim-Wolf Gilberger, Paul-Christian Burda
Summary: Malaria parasites rely on a functional electron transport chain (ETC) within their mitochondrion for proliferation, making it a target for antimalarial drugs. This study identifies a patatin-like phospholipase, PfPNPLA2, as important for parasite replication and mitochondrial function in Plasmodium falciparum. Parasites lacking PfPNPLA2 show defects in their ETC and become hypersensitive to mitochondrion-targeting drugs. Furthermore, PfPNPLA2-deficient parasites exhibit differences in the composition of their cardiolipins, a unique class of phospholipids with crucial roles in mitochondrial functions. The study also demonstrates that parasites devoid of PfPNPLA2 have a defect in gametocyte maturation, highlighting the significance of a functional ETC for parasite transmission.
Article
Oncology
In-Seob Lee, Jiyoung Ahn, Kwangsoo Kim, Yoshinaga Okugawa, Yuji Toiyama, Hoon Hur, Ajay Goel
Summary: Delayed detection of tumours is detrimental to gastric cancer patients, but the development of a novel 5-gene biomarker panel has shown great promise in noninvasive diagnosis of GC. Validation in two independent serum cohorts demonstrated high accuracy in identifying gastric cancer, regardless of tumor histology, with particularly high performance in detecting early stage cancer.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Q. . N. Ye, K. Zheng
Summary: This study investigated the role of lipolytic gene Pnpla2 in palatal development and found that its expression was lower in cleft palate mice. Knockdown of Pnpla2 inhibited the proliferation and migration of embryonic palatal mesenchyme cells.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joost Boeckmans, Alexandra Gatzios, Joern M. Schattenberg, Ger H. Koek, Robim M. Rodrigues, Tamara Vanhaecke
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the PNPLA3 gene mutation on the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), finding that carrying the PNPLA3 148M allele may not benefit from omega-3 carboxylic acids to reduce liver fat, while lifestyle changes are more effective for these patients.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chunmei Wu, Xiaoqian Zhang, Zhenhao Cui, Jinhao Gou, Bo Zhang, Xue Sun, Nianjun Xu
Summary: High temperatures have a negative impact on the growth and productivity of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. In this study, the researchers discovered that patatin-like phospholipase A (pPLA) plays a crucial role in the stress response of G. lemaneiformis. By inhibiting the activity of pPLA, the sensitivity of G. lemaneiformis to heat stress increased, leading to decreased biomass and photosystem II activity. Moreover, the inhibition of pPLA resulted in alterations in lipid metabolism and the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA). This research provides new insights into the heat stress adaptation mechanism of G. lemaneiformis.
MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Naoto Hashimoto, Kyu-Ho Han, Manabu Wakagi, Yuko Ishikawa-Takano, Katsunari Ippoushi, Michihiro Fukushima
Summary: Preliminary studies show that a lithogenic diet induces gallstones and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice. Furthermore, deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid are found to promote hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibiting key genes involved in lipid metabolism.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Iwona Sidorkiewicz, Maciej Jozwik, Angelika Buczynska, Anna Erol, Marcin Jozwik, Marcin Moniuszko, Katarzyna Jarzabek, Magdalena Niemira, Adam Kretowski
Summary: Aberrant metabolism has been identified as a main driver of cancer. In this study, transcriptomic profiles of metabolism-related pathways in endometrial cancer (EC) were established using NanoString nCounter Technology. 11 deregulated genes associated with 'central carbon metabolism in cancer' were identified, and drug repurposing validated several drug candidates. These findings have significant implications for personalized therapeutic strategies in EC.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Panu K. Luukkonen, Sami Qadri, Tiina E. Lehtimaki, Anne Juuti, Henna Sammalkorpi, Anne K. Penttila, Antti Hakkarainen, Marju Orho-Melander, Johanna Arola, Hannele Yki-Jarvinen
Summary: The PNPLA3-I148M variant has a significant antihyperlipidemic effect in insulin-resistant individuals, maintaining a healthy plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile, especially for insulin-resistant carriers of the PNPLA3-I148M variant.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jawaher Alharthi, Ali Bayoumi, Khaled Thabet, Ziyan Pan, Brian S. Gloss, Olivier Latchoumanin, Mischa Lundberg, Natalie A. Twine, Duncan McLeod, Shafi Alenizi, Leon A. Adams, Martin Weltman, Thomas Berg, Christopher Liddle, Jacob George, Mohammed Eslam
Summary: This study investigates the negative regulatory role of MBOAT7 in TLR signaling, showing that its deficiency can lead to inflammatory responses and various diseases. Activation of MBOAT7 can reverse these effects, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for diseases associated with dysregulation of the TLR signaling cascade.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Katharina Theresa Kohler, Nadine Goldhammer, Samuel Demharter, Ulrich Pfisterer, Konstantin Khodosevich, Lone Ronnov-Jessen, Ole William Petersen, Rene Villadsen, Jiyoung Kim
Summary: This study investigates the spatial localization of normal breast luminal epithelial cells and their correlation with breast cancer subtypes. The findings suggest a strong correlation between normal breast ductal progenitors and basal-like breast cancer, highlighting the importance of cellular position in breast cancer development.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Claudia D. Fuchs, Richard Radun, Emmanuel D. Dixon, Veronika Mlitz, Gerald Timelthaler, Emina Halilbasic, Merima Herac, Johan W. Jonker, Onne A. H. O. Ronda, Matteo Tardelli, Guenter Haemmerle, Robert Zimmermann, Hubert Scharnagl, Tatjana Stojakovic, Henkjan J. Verkade, Michael Trauner
Summary: Inhibition of hepatic lipolysis through ATGL deficiency may counteract hepatic inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress, despite increased steatosis, suggesting a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of steatohepatitis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elke Ericson, Linnea Bergenholm, Anne-Christine Andreasson, Carly Dix, Jane Knochel, Sara F. Hansson, Richard Lee, Jennifer Schumi, Madeleine Antonsson, Ola Fjellstrom, Patrik Nasr, Mathias Liljeblad, Bjorn Carlsson, Stergios Kechagias, Daniel Linden, Mattias Ekstedt
Summary: PNPLA3 protein levels are associated with increased hepatic lipid content and disease severity in patients with NAFLD, and are higher in PNPLA3 rs738409 (148M) risk allele carriers.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jin Li, Yixin Liu, Wenlei Dong, Yang Zhou, Jingquan Wu, Kuan Luan, Lishuang Qi
Summary: A radiomic signature combining transcriptomic and PET features was developed for individualized prognostic assessment of LUAD patients. The signature, reflecting specific biological processes in tumors, showed significant association with patients' overall survival and recurrence-free survival in independent datasets. The radiomic signature was also demonstrated as an independent prognostic factor for LUAD patients.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mara Artibani, Kenta Masuda, Zhiyuan Hu, Pascal C. Rauher, Garry Mallett, Nina Wietek, Matteo Morotti, Kay Chong, Mohammad KaramiNejadRanjbar, Christos E. Zois, Sunanda Dhar, Salma El-Sahhar, Leticia Campo, Sarah P. Blagden, Stephen Damato, Pubudu N. Pathiraja, Shibani Nicum, Fergus Gleeson, Alexandros Laios, Abdulkhaliq Alsaadi, Laura Santana Gonzalez, Takeshi Motohara, Ashwag Albukhari, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast, Adrian L. Harris, Christer S. Ejsing, Robin W. Klemm, Christopher Yau, Tatjana Sauka-Spengler, Ahmed Ashour Ahmed
Summary: In this study, researchers found that minimal residual disease (MRD) cells in ovarian cancer patients share important molecular signatures with tumor-initiating cells (TICs), while also exhibiting an adipocyte-like gene expression signature and undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Through a cell culture MRD model, it was discovered that MRD-mimic cells are dependent on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) for survival and resistance to cytotoxic agents. These findings suggest that EMT and FAO could be potential targets for eradicating MRD in ovarian cancer and support further testing of FAO inhibitors for MRD treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akhil Pola, Karnam S. Murthy, Prasanna K. Santhekadur
Summary: COVID-19 is a recent global pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-COV-2, leading to a significant number of deaths worldwide. Ongoing research is focused on understanding the transmission and infection mechanisms of SARS-COV-2, with a potential indication of the GI tract as a secondary site of infection.
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Akshatha N. Srinivas, Diwakar Suresh, Prasanna K. Santhekadur, Deepak Suvarna, Divya P. Kumar
Summary: NAFLD is a prevalent chronic liver disease driven by obesity and diabetes, with inflammation considered as a key factor in the development of NASH. Extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in driving inflammation in NAFLD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Varsha D. Shiragannavar, Nirmala G. Sannappa Gowda, Divya P. Kumar, Faridoddin Mirshahi, Prasanna K. Santhekadur
Summary: Withaferin A exhibits anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, anti-invasive, and anti-anchorage-independent growth effects on HCC cells by activating LXR-α to inhibit NF-κB transcriptional activity. This suggests that Withaferin A may be a useful anticancer compound for the treatment of HCC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ravishankar M. Vamadevaiah, Prasanna K. Santhekadur
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bubu A. Banini, Samarth Patel, Jonathan W. Yu, Le Kang, Christopher Bailey, Brian J. Strife, Mohammad S. Siddiqui, Vaishali Patel, Scott C. Matherly, Hannah Lee, Shawn Lewis, Reena Cherian, Richard T. Stravitz, Velimir Luketic, Arun J. Sanyal, Richard K. Sterling
Summary: A model combining FIB-4, LSM, and gender can be used to diagnose clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) in patients with chronic liver disease. This model is non-invasive, cost-effective, and time-saving, providing a convenient alternative to liver biopsy and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jennifer C. Asotibe, Bubu A. Banini
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Shashanka K. Prasad, Smitha Bhat, Dharini Shashank, C. R. Akshatha, R. Sindhu, Pornchai Rachtanapun, Devananda Devegowda, Prasanna K. Santhekadur, Sarana Rose Sommano
Summary: Cancers are caused by multiple factors, including certain bacteria and viruses. Recent research has shown that chronic inflammation and harmful bacterial metabolites play a significant role in promoting tumor formation. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and identify carcinogenic bacteria for the prevention and treatment of cancer.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Akshatha N. Srinivas, Diwakar Suresh, Savneet Kaur, Divya P. Kumar
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of liver diseases, carrying bioactive cargoes rich in lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. There is a need for non-invasive and accurate diagnostic tools for early diagnosis and timely treatment of liver diseases, and EVs have emerged as promising candidates for this role.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Farzaneh Dashti, Fatima Jamshed, Xinshou Ouyang, Wajahat Z. Mehal, Bubu A. Banini
Summary: The generic drug digoxin, a cardiac glycoside, has been approved for the treatment of heart failure and supraventricular arrhythmias. Recent research has focused on repurposing digoxin to treat noncardiac diseases, and this article evaluates the latest insights into its noncardiac use.
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shreyas H. Karunakara, Lakshana D. Puttahanumantharayappa, Nirmala Sannappa G. Gowda, Varsha D. Shiragannavar, Prasanna K. Santhekadur
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex disease involving altered interactomes of transcripts and proteins. In this study, the researchers explored the potential interactions between the lncRNA MEG3, the miRNA miR-664a-3p, and the protein ADH4. They found that MEG3 may act as a competitive endogenous RNA that sequesters miR-664a-3p, leading to the underexpression of ADH4 in HCC. The results suggest a novel axis of interest that requires further validation.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Divya P. Kumar, Kanjoormana Aryan Manu, Muzafar Ahmad Macha
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
George Chen, Bubu Banini, Albert Do, Joseph K. Lim
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease worldwide. Although exercise has been shown to independently reduce hepatic steatosis in NAFLD, its effect on histological endpoints is not clear. This systematic review identified six studies that analyzed the independent effect of exercise on histological endpoints in biopsy-proven NAFLD. While two randomized controlled trials did not find significant histological improvement, other non-randomized interventional studies showed that exercise reduces hepatocyte ballooning and liver fibrosis. In addition, exercise was found to improve hepatic steatosis measured by imaging techniques but not serum biomarkers for steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akshatha N. Srinivas, Diwakar Suresh, Deepak Suvarna, Pankaj Pathak, Suresh Giri, Suchitha Suman, Suchitha Satish, Saravana Babu P. Chidambaram, Divya Kumar
Summary: Tecomella undulata has the potential to ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its effects are comparable to approved drugs used to treat human NASH. These findings provide a strong rationale for evaluating Tecomella undulata for the treatment of NASH.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Akshatha N. Srinivas, Diwakar Suresh, Saravana B. Chidambaram, Prasanna K. Santhekadur, Divya P. Kumar
Summary: In tandem with the increasing prevalence of obesity-related diseases, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) driven by metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is expected to rise globally. This study reveals that curcumin can alleviate MASH by downregulating apoptosis antagonizing transcription factor (AATF) and inhibiting tumor growth. These findings provide a rationale for the development of curcumin as a potential treatment for MASH-HCC in humans.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
D. S. Varsha, G. S. Nirmala, Prasanna K. Santhekadur
Summary: This article tells the story of the world-famous HeLa cancer cells, highlighting their significance in modern cell biology and shedding light on the life history of Henrietta Lacks.
RESONANCE-JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION
(2022)