Domains and Functions of Spike Protein in SARS-Cov-2 in the Context of Vaccine Design

A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin

(2020) Peng Zhou et al.   NATURE

Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation

(2020) Daniel Wrapp et al.   SCIENCE

Potent binding of 2019 novel coronavirus spike protein by a SARS coronavirus-specific human monoclonal antibody

(2020) Xiaolong Tian et al.   Emerging Microbes & Infections

The spike glycoprotein of the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV contains a furin-like cleavage site absent in CoV of the same clade

(2020) B. Coutard et al.   ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH

Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein

(2020) Alexandra C. Walls et al.   CELL

SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

(2020) Markus Hoffmann et al.   CELL

Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion

(2020) Shuai Xia et al.   CELL RESEARCH

A Novel Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to SARS-CoV-2 Contains Natural Insertions at the S1/S2 Cleavage Site of the Spike Protein

(2020) Hong Zhou et al.   CURRENT BIOLOGY

Phylogenetic Analysis and Structural Modeling of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Reveals an Evolutionary Distinct and Proteolytically Sensitive Activation Loop

(2020) Javier A. Jaimes et al.   JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Extreme Genomic CpG Deficiency in SARS-CoV-2 and Evasion of Host Antiviral Defense

(2020) Xuhua Xia   MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION

A Multibasic Cleavage Site in the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2 Is Essential for Infection of Human Lung Cells

(2020) Markus Hoffmann et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor

(2020) Jun Lan et al.   NATURE

Structural basis of receptor recognition by SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Jian Shang et al.   NATURE

The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Kristian G. Andersen et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Characterization of spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 on virus entry and its immune cross-reactivity with SARS-CoV

(2020) Xiuyuan Ou et al.   Nature Communications

Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus

(2020) Bette Korber et al.   CELL

Coronavirus RNA proofreading: molecular basis and therapeutic targeting

(2020) Fran Robson et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

An mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 — Preliminary Report

(2020) Lisa A. Jackson et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Structure-based design of prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spikes

(2020) Ching-Lin Hsieh et al.   SCIENCE

Structural and Functional Analysis of the D614G SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Variant

(2020) Leonid Yurkovetskiy et al.   CELL

Safety and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Older Adults

(2020) Evan J. Anderson et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Beyond Trees: Regulons and Regulatory Motif Characterization

(2020) Xuhua Xia   Genes

Coronavirus genomes carry the signatures of their habitats

(2020) Yulong Wei et al.   PLoS One

Translation Control of HAC1 by Regulation of Splicing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

(2019) Xuhua Xia   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Spike proteins of novel MERS-coronavirus isolates from North- and West-African dromedary camels mediate robust viral entry into human target cells

(2019) Hannah Kleine-Weber et al.   VIROLOGY

DAMBE7: New and Improved Tools for Data Analysis in Molecular Biology and Evolution

(2018) Xuhua Xia   MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION

Functional analysis of potential cleavage sites in the MERS-coronavirus spike protein

(2018) Hannah Kleine-Weber et al.   Scientific Reports

CG dinucleotide suppression enables antiviral defence targeting non-self RNA

(2017) Matthew A. Takata et al.   NATURE

Different residues in the SARS-CoV spike protein determine cleavage and activation by the host cell protease TMPRSS2

(2017) Lennart Michel Reinke et al.   PLoS One

Structural and molecular basis of mismatch correction and ribavirin excision from coronavirus RNA

(2017) François Ferron et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Immunogenicity and structures of a rationally designed prefusion MERS-CoV spike antigen

(2017) Jesper Pallesen et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Cryo-EM structures of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV spike glycoproteins reveal the dynamic receptor binding domains

(2017) Yuan Yuan et al.   Nature Communications

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the SARS-CoV spike glycoprotein reveal a prerequisite conformational state for receptor binding

(2016) Miao Gui et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Cryo-electron microscopy structure of a coronavirus spike glycoprotein trimer

(2016) Alexandra C. Walls et al.   NATURE

Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein

(2016) Robert N. Kirchdoerfer et al.   NATURE

Tryptophan-Dependent Membrane Interaction and Heteromerization with the Internal Fusion Peptide by the Membrane Proximal External Region of SARS-CoV Spike Protein

(2015) Ying Liao et al.   BIOCHEMISTRY

Bat-to-human: spike features determining ‘host jump’ of coronaviruses SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and beyond

(2015) Guangwen Lu et al.   TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY

Intranasal Vaccination of Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Encoding Receptor-Binding Domain of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) Spike Protein Induces Strong Mucosal Immune Responses and Provides Long-Term Protection against SARS-CoV Infection

(2014) L. Du et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Substitution at Aspartic Acid 1128 in the SARS Coronavirus Spike Glycoprotein Mediates Escape from a S2 Domain-Targeting Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody

(2014) Oi-Wing Ng et al.   PLoS One

Coronavirus Cell Entry Occurs through the Endo-/Lysosomal Pathway in a Proteolysis-Dependent Manner

(2014) Christine Burkard et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Antibodies induced by receptor-binding domain in spike protein of SARS-CoV do not cross-neutralize the novel human coronavirus hCoV-EMC

(2013) Lanying Du et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTION

Analysis of the Human Tissue-specific Expression by Genome-wide Integration of Transcriptomics and Antibody-based Proteomics

(2013) Linn Fagerberg et al.   MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS

DAMBE5: A Comprehensive Software Package for Data Analysis in Molecular Biology and Evolution

(2013) Xuhua Xia   MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION

Yeast-expressed recombinant protein of the receptor-binding domain in SARS-CoV spike protein with deglycosylated forms as a SARS vaccine candidate

(2013) Wen-Hsiang Chen et al.   Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

Human Monoclonal Antibodies against Highly Conserved HR1 and HR2 Domains of the SARS-CoV Spike Protein Are More Broadly Neutralizing

(2012) Hatem A. Elshabrawy et al.   PLoS One

Ezrin Interacts with the SARS Coronavirus Spike Protein and Restrains Infection at the Entry Stage

(2012) Jean Kaoru Millet et al.   PLoS One

Role of host cellular proteases in the pathogenesis of influenza and influenza-induced multiple organ failure

(2011) Hiroshi Kido et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS

Evidence that TMPRSS2 Activates the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein for Membrane Fusion and Reduces Viral Control by the Humoral Immune Response

(2011) I. Glowacka et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Crystal structure of mouse coronavirus receptor-binding domain complexed with its murine receptor

(2011) G. Peng et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Coronaviruses

(2011) Mark R. Denison et al.   RNA Biology

Efficient Activation of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Spike Protein by the Transmembrane Protease TMPRSS2

(2010) S. Matsuyama et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Modifications to the Hemagglutinin Cleavage Site Control the Virulence of a Neurotropic H1N1 Influenza Virus

(2010) X. Sun et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Potent and persistent antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein in recovered patients

(2010) Zhiliang Cao et al.   Virology Journal

Characterization of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes and immune responses to SARS coronavirus spike DNA vaccine expressing the RGD-integrin-binding motif

(2009) W.P. Poh et al.   JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY

Activation of the SARS coronavirus spike protein via sequential proteolytic cleavage at two distinct sites

(2009) S. Belouzard et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Antibody Binding Site Mapping of SARS-CoV Spike Protein Receptor-Binding Domain by a Combination of Yeast Surface Display and Phage Peptide Library Screening

(2009) Xiaoping Zhang et al.   VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY

Recombinant receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV spike protein expressed in mammalian, insect and E. coli cells elicits potent neutralizing antibody and protective immunity

(2009) Lanying Du et al.   VIROLOGY

SARS-coronavirus spike S2 domain flanked by cysteine residues C822 and C833 is important for activation of membrane fusion

(2009) Ikenna G. Madu et al.   VIROLOGY

Mutagenesis of the transmembrane domain of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein: refinement of the requirements for SARS coronavirus cell entry

(2009) Jeroen Corver et al.   Virology Journal

Structures and Mechanisms of Viral Membrane Fusion Proteins: Multiple Variations on a Common Theme

(2008) Judith M. White et al.   CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Cathepsin L Functionally Cleaves the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Class I Fusion Protein Upstream of Rather than Adjacent to the Fusion Peptide

(2008) B. J. Bosch et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

A single amino acid substitution in the S1 and S2 Spike protein domains determines the neutralization escape phenotype of SARS-CoV

(2008) Yu-ya Mitsuki et al.   MICROBES AND INFECTION

Structural and Biochemical Investigation of Heptad Repeat Derived Peptides of Human SARS Corona Virus (hSARS-CoV) Spike Protein+

(2008) Sarmistha Basak et al.   PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS