Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio A. Munoz-Gomez, Gaurav Bilolikar, Jeremy G. Wideman, Kerry Geiler-Samerotte
Summary: The concept of Constructive Neutral Evolution (CNE) suggests that complexity can arise through non-adaptive steps rather than functional or adaptive ones. Despite being around for two decades, many evolutionary biologists seem unaware of this theory. This article explains how CNE changes the narrative order in describing the evolution of complexity, and discusses strategies for determining if complexity arose through neutral or adaptive processes.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Annibale Panichella, Sebastiano Panichella, Gordon Fraser, Anand Ashok Sawant, Vincent J. Hellendoorn
Summary: This article examines the design issues in test code caused by test smells. It assesses the performance and external validity of two test smell detection tools and finds that the current detection strategies are flawed and fail to accurately identify test smells in both human-written and automatically generated test cases.
EMPIRICAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Juan F. Garcia Rivas, Robin D. Clugston
Summary: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe birth defect with high mortality and long-term morbidity rates. The Retinoid Hypothesis, proposed by Greer et al. in 2003, has been supported by research conducted in the past 20 years. As our understanding of the role of retinoid signaling in diaphragm development improves, it holds promise for improving CDH outcomes.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Alfred Menezes, Douglas Stebila
Summary: The 20th anniversary of the standardization of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is coming up on November 26, 2021. This column recounts the history of the AES and its predecessor, the Data Encryption Standard.
IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ulrich John, Hans-Juergen Rumpf, Monika Hanke, Christian Meyer
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine if AUDIT results can predict mortality after 20 years. An observational study was conducted in Germany, involving 3581 individuals who consumed alcohol. It was found that AUDIT predicted time to death, with a higher risk in individuals with higher AUDIT scores. It also predicted cardiovascular mortality in the same population sample.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND ADDICTION
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Jessica E. Malberg, Rene Hen, Torsten M. Madsen
Summary: Duman's research has shown that long-term treatment with antidepressant drugs increases neurogenesis in the subgranular zone of the adult hippocampus, providing critical insights into the neurotrophic hypothesis of depression and synaptic plasticity. It has been demonstrated that neurogenesis may be necessary for the clinical effects of antidepressant drugs, and his lab continues to investigate neurotrophic factors and synaptic plasticity. Preclinical studies have also shown that newer antidepressant compounds impact neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ciro Rosario Ilardi, Sergio Chieffi, Chiara Scuotto, Nadia Gamboz, Filomena Galeone, Maria Sannino, Elisabetta Garofalo, Marco La Marra, Bruno Ronga, Alessandro Iavarone
Summary: The study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the FAB without the contribution of PBT and provide normative data for the revised version (FAB15). Results showed excellent interrater and test-retest reliabilities for FAB15. Factors such as sex, age, and education level were found to impact FAB15 scores, leading to the creation of adjustment grids for raw scores.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Natalie S. Levy, Katherine M. Keyes
Summary: The paper emphasizes the importance of theory in confounding control, specifically focusing on colliders and bias control. By utilizing directed acyclic graphs, the authors provide a unified conceptualization of bias and differentiate between different sources of bias.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Hanna C. Bjornsson Hallgren, Lars Adolfsson
Summary: The critical shoulder angle (CSA) and the acromion index (AI) are measurements of acromial shape that are often considered as predictors of degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCT) and glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GH OA). However, this study found no correlation between CSA, AI, and the development of OA or RCT after 20 years. Additionally, the CSA and AI decreased slightly over time, but the difference was minimal and there was no significant difference compared to the contralateral shoulders.
KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Dov Greenbaum, Mark Gerstein
Summary: GATTACA, a film released 25 years ago, portrays a credible near future where societal inequalities based on race and class have been replaced by new prejudices arising from genetic determinism. This article compares the fictional technologies in GATTACA with the current state of the art, examining the legal protections against the dystopian future portrayed in the film, where personal freedom and privacy rights are greatly curtailed by genomic innovations. It further discusses the continued relevance of GATTACA's prescient warnings in light of the ongoing advancements in genomic science and technology.
Article
Regional & Urban Planning
Maria Manta Conroy, Jessica Pagan Wilson
Summary: The research found that while there was an increase in the overarching sustainability vision in the updated plans, the sustainability scores did not significantly improve. Although the strength of promoting sustainability principles did not change, there were descriptive shifts in the promoted principles. Policy integration between principles is crucial to address the imbalance. The importance of longitudinal studies to track progress in promoting sustainability principles is highlighted. Takeaway for practice: Evaluating scores over time provides insight into the nature of progress in supporting the sustainability vision.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yahir A. Loissell-Baltazar, Svetlana Dokudovskaya
Summary: The SEA complex was first described in yeast and its human homologue, the GATOR complex, two years later. Over the past decade, significant advances have been made in understanding the multiple functions of the SEA/GATOR complex in different organisms, highlighting its role as an essential upstream regulator of the mTORC1 pathway. Additionally, the consequences of GATOR mutations in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases have been emphasized.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Stephen M. Shortell, Daniel J. Gottlieb, Pablo Martinez Camblor, A. James O'Malley
Summary: Based on data from 2016, a new taxonomy of hospital-based health systems was developed through cluster analysis, showing that the majority of systems remain relatively decentralized, allowing individual hospitals within the system to maintain autonomy.
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emeline Recazens, Etienne Mouisel, Dominique Langin
Summary: Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is a key neutral lipase with broad substrate specificity and unique structural features, making it distinct from other mammalian lipases. Dysregulation of HSL expression and activity can lead to various diseases, including obesity and diabetes. The development of specific inhibitors targeting HSL positions it as a pharmacological target for the treatment of metabolic complications.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Santo Fortunato, Mark E. J. Newman
Summary: This Comment reviews the progress in addressing the fundamental technical challenge of automated discovery of communities in network data analysis over the past 20 years.