An overview of insect innate immunity

TmSpz6 Is Essential for Regulating the Immune Response to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Tenebrio molitor

(2020) Tariku Tesfaye Edosa et al.   Insects

TmSpz4 Plays an Important Role in Regulating the Production of Antimicrobial Peptides in Response to Escherichia coli and Candida albicans Infections

(2020) Tariku Tesfaye Edosa et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

TmPGRP-SA regulates Antimicrobial Response to Bacteria and Fungi in the Fat Body and Gut of Tenebrio molitor

(2020) Maryam Keshavarz et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

Tenebrio molitor PGRP-LE Plays a Critical Role in Gut Antimicrobial Peptide Production in Response to Escherichia coli

(2020) Maryam Keshavarz et al.   Frontiers in Physiology

Two Roles for the Tenebrio molitor Relish in the Regulation of Antimicrobial Peptides and Autophagy-Related Genes in Response to Listeria monocytogenes

(2020) Maryam Keshavarz et al.   Insects

Dying Neurons Utilize Innate Immune Signaling to Prime Glia for Phagocytosis during Development

(2019) Colleen N. McLaughlin et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL CELL

Toll family members bind multiple Spätzle proteins and activate antimicrobial peptide gene expression in Drosophila

(2019) Munmun Chowdhury et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Signaling Crosstalk Mechanisms That May Fine-Tune Pathogen-Responsive NFκB

(2019) Adewunmi Adelaja et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

TmDorX2 positively regulates antimicrobial peptides in Tenebrio molitor gut, fat body, and hemocytes in response to bacterial and fungal infection

(2019) Maryam Keshavarz et al.   Scientific Reports

Mechanical stress to Drosophila larvae stimulates a cellular immune response through the JAK/STAT signaling pathway

(2018) Yumiko Tokusumi et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Toll and Toll-like receptor signalling in development

(2018) Niki Anthoney et al.   DEVELOPMENT

Hemocyte Morphology and Cellular Immune Response in Termite (Reticulitermes speratus)

(2018) Min Hong et al.   JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE

Toll-Like Receptors, Associated Biological Roles, and Signaling Networks in Non-Mammals

(2018) Li Nie et al.   Frontiers in Immunology

Spatially Restricted Regulation of Spätzle/Toll Signaling during Cell Competition

(2018) Lale Alpar et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL CELL

Innate humoral immune defences in mammals and insects: the same, with differences ?

(2018) Gerard Sheehan et al.   Virulence

Characterization of Spz5 as a novel ligand for Drosophila Toll-1 receptor

(2018) Saori Nonaka et al.   BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

Tm SR-C, scavenger receptor class C, plays a pivotal role in antifungal and antibacterial immunity in the coleopteran insect Tenebrio molitor

(2017) Soo Gon Kim et al.   INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Tenebrio molitor Gram-negative-binding protein 3 (TmGNBP3 ) is essential for inducing downstream antifungal Tenecin 1 gene expression against infection with Beauveria bassiana JEF-007

(2017) Yi-Ting Yang et al.   Insect Science

Toll ligand Spätzle3 controls melanization in the stripe pattern formation in caterpillars

(2017) Yûsuke KonDo et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

TmCactin plays an important role in Gram-negative and -positive bacterial infection by regulating expression of 7 AMP genes in Tenebrio molitor

(2017) Yong Hun Jo et al.   Scientific Reports

The Toll Signaling Pathway in the Chinese Oak Silkworm, Antheraea pernyi: Innate Immune Responses to Different Microorganisms

(2016) Ying Sun et al.   PLoS One

Alternatives to animal testing: A review

(2015) Sonali K. Doke et al.   SAUDI PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL

Gene structure, cDNA characterization and RNAi-based functional analysis of a myeloid differentiation factor 88 homolog in Tenebrio molitor larvae exposed to Staphylococcus aureus infection

(2014) Bharat Bhusan Patnaik et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY

Structure of the Toll-Spatzle complex, a molecular hub in Drosophila development and innate immunity

(2014) C. Parthier et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The Drosophila IMD pathway in the activation of the humoral immune response

(2013) Anni Kleino et al.   DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY

Cytokine Spatzle binds to the Drosophila immunoreceptor Toll with a neurotrophin-like specificity and couples receptor activation

(2013) M. Lewis et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Animal Experiments in Biomedical Research: A Historical Perspective

(2013) Nuno Franco   Animals

Ubiquitination in signaling to and activation of IKK

(2012) Zhijian J. Chen   IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS

High-throughput screening and small animal models, where are we?

(2010) Jean Giacomotto et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Replacement, reduction and refinement alternatives to animal use in vaccine potency measurement

(2009) Coenraad FM Hendriksen   Expert Review of Vaccines

Toll-dependent antimicrobial responses in Drosophila larval fat body require Spätzle secreted by haemocytes

(2009) Alice K. H. Shia et al.   JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE

A Three-step Proteolytic Cascade Mediates the Activation of the Peptidoglycan-induced Toll Pathway in an Insect

(2008) Chan-Hee Kim et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY