Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephen T. Decker, Oh-Sung Kwon, Jia Zhao, John R. Hoidal, Thomas Heuckstadt, Russell S. Richardson, Karl A. Sanders, Gwenael Layec
Summary: This study found that sedentary mice exposed to cigarette smoke for 8 months showed preserved mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle, but also increased risk of chronic oxidative stress.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Xiong, Yanqing Le, Yafei Rao, Lu Zhou, Yuhan Hu, Suliang Guo, Yongchang Sun
Summary: The RANKL/RANK pathway plays an important role in muscle atrophy induced by COPD-related lung diseases, suggesting that it may be a potential therapeutic target for COPD-related skeletal muscle dysfunction.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stephen T. Decker, Alexs A. Matias, Adolfo E. Cuadra, Sean T. Bannon, Jack P. Madden, M. Enes Erol, Corinna Serviente, Karine Fenelon, Gwenael Layec
Summary: Cigarette smoke exposure has acute dose-dependent toxicity on mitochondrial metabolism in different tissues, with the cardiac muscle being the most susceptible and the aorta being the least susceptible to cigarette smoke inhibition. This study provides insights into the mechanisms mediating the toxicity of cigarette smoke in extrapulmonary tissues.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wataru Otsu, Naoki Chinen, Emi Sugisawa, Haru Kitano, Shinsuke Nakamura, Naofumi Umigai, Hideshi Tsusaki, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the effect of crocetin on muscular injury induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and acrolein. They found that crocetin could restore the damaged muscle cell morphology and function, suggesting that daily intake of crocetin may help protect muscles from environmental oxidants such as cigarette smoke.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lei Wang, Lieke E. J. van Iersel, Charlotte E. Pelgrim, Jingyi Lu, Ingrid van Ark, Thea Leusink-Muis, Harry R. Gosker, Ramon C. J. Langen, Annemie M. W. J. Schols, Josep M. Argiles, Ardy van Helvoort, Aletta D. Kraneveld, Johan Garssen, Paul A. J. Henricks, Gert Folkerts, Saskia Braber
Summary: This study investigates the effects of smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on adipose and skeletal muscle tissue. The results show that smoking-induced lung disease affects whole-body fat mass and adipose atrophy, which may be due to enhanced lipolysis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Stephen T. Decker, Alexs A. Matias, Sean T. Bannon, Jack P. Madden, Nadia Alexandrou-Majaj, Gwenael Layec
Summary: Epidemiological and clinical evidence shows that exposure to cigarette smoke affects glucose and fatty acid metabolism, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. This study aimed to examine the effects of cigarette smoke on mitochondrial respiratory capacity and sensitivity in muscle fibers. The results revealed that cigarette smoke reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity and sensitivity to pyruvate in the gastrocnemius muscle. Only the sensitivity to pyruvate-stimulated respiration showed a trend towards decrease in the soleus muscle. The findings highlight that cigarette smoke impairs mitochondrial respiration and plays a key role in smoke-induced muscle dysfunction and metabolic disturbances.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alaa T. Abdelhafez, Asmaa M. S. Gomaa, Asmaa M. Ahmed, Manal M. Sayed, Marwa A. Ahmed
Summary: The study revealed that smoking induces a COPD model with endothelial dysfunction in mice, while Pio and Irb alone or in combination can provide protective effects against the disease, with better results in the combined group. There is a strong correlation between NO and H2S levels and the other measured parameters.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Pulliero, Luca Mastracci, Letizia Tarantini, Zumama Khalid, Valentina Bollati, Alberto Izzotti
Summary: This study reveals the relationship between KRAS mutation and let-7a downregulation in cigarette smoke-induced lung carcinogenesis. Long-term exposure to cigarette smoke leads to a significant decrease in let-7a expression and an increase in KRAS mutation, resulting in a higher incidence of lung cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Xiaofeng Mei, Ruilong Lu, Lili Cui, Yange Tian, Peng Zhao, Jiansheng Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of Poly I:C on pathological changes in CS-induced COPD mice, such as airway inflammation and remodeling.
Article
Respiratory System
Jef Serre, Ajime Tom Tanjeko, Carolien Mathyssen, An-Sofie Vanherwegen, Tobias Heigl, Rob Janssen, Eric Verbeken, Karen Maes, Bart Vanaudenaerde, Wim Janssens, Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
Summary: In this study, a standardized CS exposure protocol resulted in higher serum cotinine levels and more severe inflammation in the whole-body exposure system compared to the nose-only system. Both exposure systems showed similar lung function impairment, but differences were observed in lung inflammation and remodeling, indicating potential sensitization to CS. Researchers should consider these differences when designing future studies for early intervention in COPD.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lingyue Zhong, Lina Qin, Xinwen Ding, Long Ma, Yao Wang, Minghua Liu, Hui Chen, Hongli Yan, Lihua Song
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of fermented black barley on cigarette smoke induced damage. The results showed that fermented black barley can alleviate lung and reproductive organ injury, improve sperm motility and antioxidative capacity of the lung. Furthermore, it can also regulate intestinal microbiome diversity and metabolic dysbiosis induced by cigarette smoking.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ram B. Khattri, Trace Thome, Liam F. Fitzgerald, Stephanie E. Wohlgemuth, Russell T. Hepple, Terence E. Ryan
Summary: Tobacco smoke-related diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with high healthcare burden and mortality rates. Many COPD patients were reported to have muscle atrophy and weakness, with several studies suggesting intrinsic muscle mitochondrial impairment as a possible driver of this phenotype. However, little is known about how active tobacco smoking might impact skeletal muscle physiology or mitochondrial health. In this study, acute exposure of muscle mitochondria to cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) was found to cause a dose-dependent decrease in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So-Won Park, A. Yeong Lee, Je-Oh Lim, Se-Jin Lee, Woong-Il Kim, Yea-Gin Yang, Bohye Kim, Joong-Sun Kim, Sung-Wook Chae, Kun Na, Yun-Soo Seo, In-Sik Shin
Summary: The study found that Loranthus tanakae 70% ethanol extract (LTE) effectively alleviates pulmonary inflammation caused by exposure to cigarette smoke condensate and lipopolysaccharide by modulating the activity of Nrf2 and NF-κB, potentially making it a treatment option for pulmonary inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kevin Mou, Stanley M. H. Chan, Kurt Brassington, Aleksandar Dobric, Simone N. De Luca, Huei Jiunn Seow, Stavros Selemidis, Steven Bozinovski, Ross Vlahos
Summary: This study examined the impact of influenza A virus-induced exacerbation on limb muscle parameters and found that the virus worsened the force-generating capacity of the muscle. Additionally, the study suggested that certain parameters of limb muscle dysfunction during viral-induced acute exacerbation of COPD may be independent of airway inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Constance P. Michel, Laurent A. Messonnier, Benoit Giannesini, Benjamin Chatel, Christophe Vilmen, Yann Le Fur, David Bendahan
Summary: This study found that hydroxyurea supplementation had a positive effect on skeletal muscle function in mice with mild anemia, improving muscle force production.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jesus M. Pradillo, Macarena Hernandez-Jimenez, Maria E. Fernandez-Valle, Violeta Medina, Juan E. Ortuno, Stuart M. Allan, Spencer D. Proctor, Juan M. Garcia-Segura, Maria J. Ledesma-Carbayo, Andres Santos, Maria A. Moro, Ignacio Lizasoain
Summary: The study found that stroke outcomes and angiogenesis/vasculogenesis in old rats are negatively affected by the co-morbidities present in the corpulent genotype. DCE-MRI may be a useful technique for non-invasive evaluation of vascular function and angiogenesis processes.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Marcel Jose Rodriguez-Guzman, German Peces-Barba Romero, Sandra Perez Rial, Cristina Serrano del Castillo, Miguel Angel Palomero Rodriguez, Ignacio Mahillo-Fernandez, Felipe Villar-Alvarez
Summary: Arginase activity is elevated during an exacerbation of COPD, and could be related to an increase in IL-6 production. Levels of IL-6, IL-8, and arginase activity remain elevated in patients with COPD at 3 months after hospital exacerbation. Arginase activity could contribute to the development of COPD.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Cristina Diaz del Arco, Luis Ortega Medina, Lourdes Estrada Munoz, Elena Molina Roldan, M. Angeles Ceron Nieto, Soledad Garcia Gomez de las Heras, M. Jesus Fernandez Acenero
Summary: Borrmann classification is commonly used for advanced gastric cancer diagnosis. The classification shows distinct clinicopathological and biological entities in patients, but does not have a direct association with prognosis. Further research is needed to verify its role in patient stratification.
Article
Infectious Diseases
John Jairo Aguilera-Correa, Sara Fernandez-Lopez, Iskra Dennisse Cunas-Figueroa, Sandra Perez-Rial, Hanna-Leena Alakomi, Liisa Nohynek, Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey, Juha-Pekka Salminen, Jaime Esteban, Juan Cuadros, Riitta Puupponen-Pimia, Ramon Perez-Tanoira, Teemu J. Kinnari
Summary: The study demonstrates that sanguiin H-6 fractionated from cloudberry seeds has significant inhibitory effect on MRSA and can be used as a preventive measure for surgical site infections. Conversely, lambertianin C did not show any anti-MRSA activity.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alvaro Zubizarreta-Macho, Cristina Rico-Romano, Maria Jesus Fernandez-Acenero, Jesus Mena-alvarez, Belen Cabal, Luis Antonio Diaz, Ramon Torrecillas, Jose Serafin Moya, Roberto Lopez-Piriz
Summary: This study evaluated the antimicrobial capacity and tissue response of incorporating two inorganic bactericidal additives into a root canal sealer in contaminated root dentin. The results showed that the bactericidal glassy additives were safe and effective in reducing bacteria count, with a healing pattern characterized by fibrosis in the majority of cases.
Article
Pediatrics
Aaron Del Pozo, Maria Villa, Carlos Vargas, David Castejon, M. Encarnacion Fernandez-Valle, Ana Gutierrez-Rodriguez, Jose Martinez-Orgado
Summary: This study successfully replicated the features of brain damage in extremely low birth weight newborns using a new rat model. Inflammation associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction was identified as a potential therapeutic target for preventing brain damage.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diego Rodriguez-Munoz, Angela Sanchez, Susana Perez-Benavente, Constanza Contreras-Jurado, Ana Montero-Pedrazuela, Marta Toledo-Castillo, Maria Gutierrez-Hernandez, Raquel Rodrigues-Diez, Cintia Folgueira, Ana M. Briones, Guadalupe Sabio, Ignacio Monedero-Cobeta, Irene Chavez-Coira, David Castejon, Encarnacion Fernandez-Valle, Javier Regadera, Jose M. Bautista, Ana Aranda, Susana Alemany
Summary: Thyroid hormones play a role in protecting mice from cerebral malaria by inducing disease tolerance. The activation of Sirtuin 1 is involved in this protection, suggesting it as a potential target for cerebral malaria treatment.
Article
Oncology
Mateo Paz-Cabezas, Tania Calvo-Lopez, Alejandro Romera-Lopez, Daniel Tabas-Madrid, Jesus Ogando, Maria-Jesus Fernandez-Acenero, Javier Sastre, Alberto Pascual-Montano, Santos Manes, Eduardo Diaz-Rubio, Beatriz Perez-Villamil
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of microRNA profiling in defining colorectal cancer subtypes and identifies microRNA targets associated with a specific subtype. The findings highlight the importance of miRNAs in colorectal cancer stratification and treatment.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jose Luis Izquierdo-Alonso, Sandra Perez-Rial, Carolina Gotera Rivera, German Peces-Barba
Summary: This article discusses the potential role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in managing COVID-19 patients. NAC has mucolytic effects and also acts as an antioxidant, modulates immune and inflammatory responses, counteracts thrombotic state, and has antiviral properties. By reviewing the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the mechanisms of action of NAC, the article proposes NAC dosing strategies for managing COVID-19 patients in different clinical scenarios.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miriam Gene, Miriam Cuatrecasas, Irene Amat, Jesus Alberto Veiga, Maria Jesus Fernandez Acenero, Victoria Fuste Chimisana, Jordi Tarragona, Ismael Jurado, Rebeca Fernandez-Victoria, Carolina Martinez Ciarpaglini, Cristina Alenda Gonzalez, Carlos Zac, Pilar Ortega de la Obra, Maria Teresa Fernandez-Figueras, Manel Esteller, Eva Musulen
Summary: Colitis-associated colorectal carcinoma (CAC) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is caused by p53 alterations and follows a chronic inflammation-dysplasia-cancer carcinogenesis pathway. Gastric metaplasia (GM) is described as the initial event of serrated colorectal cancer (CRC) in the colon mucosa under chronic stress. This study analyzed p53 alterations and microsatellite instability (MSI) to characterize CAC and investigate its relationship with GM. Results showed that p53 mutation pattern was present in more than half of the CAC cases, with stable (MSS) tumors being the most common and MUC5AC negative. Only six unstable (MSI-H) tumors had wild-type p53 pattern (p=0.010) and were MUC5AC positive (p=0.005). MUC5AC staining was more frequently observed in intestinal mucosa with inflammation or chronic changes than in CAC, particularly in those with wild-type p53 pattern and MSS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Ana Montero-Calle, Maria Garranzo-Asensio, Rebeca M. Torrente-Rodriguez, Victor Ruiz-Valdepenas Montiel, Carmen Poves, Jana Dziakova, Rodrigo Sanz, Cristina Diaz del Arco, Jose Manuel Pingarron, Maria Jesus Fernandez-Acenero, Susana Campuzano, Rodrigo Barderas
Summary: The study aimed to assess whether p53 and p63 proteoforms derived from alternative splicing could have a differential seroreactivity and higher diagnostic value than canonical proteins in colorectal cancer. The researchers demonstrated the appearance of a differential seroreactivity among the proteoforms in colorectal cancer patients. These findings reveal increased complexity of the humoral immune response in cancer and highlight the potential for developing a blood-based biomarker signature for colorectal cancer detection.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lidia Blazquez-Llorca, Lubna Morales de Paz, Rosario Martin-Orti, Inmaculada Santos-Alvarez, Maria E. Fernandez-Valle, David Castejon, Maria I. Garcia-Real, Raquel Salguero-Fernandez, Pilar Perez-Lloret, Nerea Moreno, Sara Jimenez, Maria J. Herrero-Fernandez, Juncal Gonzalez-Soriano
Summary: Anatomy is crucial in medical and veterinary education, but neuroanatomy poses particular challenges. A new teaching tool has been developed using 3D reconstructions of magnetic resonance images to aid in the understanding of clinical neurology and practice. This tool combines neuroanatomy and neuropathology, providing valuable insights for anatomists and clinicians.
Article
Cell Biology
Ana Montero-Calle, Sofia Jimenez de Ocana, Ruth Benavente-Naranjo, Raquel Rejas-Gonzalez, Ruben A. Bartolome, Javier Martinez-Useros, Rodrigo Sanz, Jana Dziakova, Maria Jesus Fernandez-Acenero, Marta Mendiola, Jose Ignacio Casal, Alberto Pelaez-Garcia, Rodrigo Barderas
Summary: SPRYD7 is a novel protein associated with CRC progression and metastasis, and its overexpression is associated with poor survival and an aggressive phenotype in CRC patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Lacalle-Gonzalez, Maria Florez-Cespedes, Lara Sanz-Criado, Michael Ochieng Otieno, Edurne Ramos-Munoz, Maria Jesus Fernandez-Acenero, Luis Ortega-Medina, Jesus Garcia-Foncillas, Javier Martinez-Useros
Summary: High expression of DLL3 protein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with better progression-free survival and overall survival, and is significantly correlated with the expression of PD-L1/2 and NOTCH1. DLL3 could be considered as a biomarker for better prognosis in resectable PDAC patients and a therapeutic biomarker for immunotherapy response.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Javier Sevilla-Montero, David Labrousse-Arias, Cintia Fernandez-Perez, Laura Fernandez-Blanco, Bianca Barreira, Gema Mondejar-Parreno, Elvira Alfaro-Arnedo, Iciar P. Lopez, Sandra Perez-Rial, German Peces-Barba, Jose G. Pichel, Victor Ivo Peinado, Angel Cogolludo, Maria J. Calzada
Summary: Cigarette smoke extract directly promotes pulmonary arterial remodeling by inducing cell senescence and secretion of inflammatory molecules, leading to increased proliferative potential of nonexposed cells, which can be reversed by antioxidants. Additionally, cigarette smoke extract affects cell contractility and dysregulates the Kv7.4 channel, impairing vasoconstriction and vasodilation responses. The levels of Kv7.4 channel were found to be diminished in the lungs of smoke-exposed mice, smokers, and patients with COPD, suggesting a potential target for novel therapies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)