Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Riccardo Bazzoni, Ilaria Tanasi, Nice Turazzi, Mauro Krampera
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by cells and contain various bioactive molecules, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication and biological processes. In hematological malignancies, EVs contribute to tumor development, drug resistance, and bone marrow microenvironment modulation. EVs have potential as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and drug carriers.
Review
Immunology
David Van Morckhoven, Nathan Dubois, Dominique Bron, Nathalie Meuleman, Laurence Lagneaux, Basile Stamatopoulos
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microparticles, play a crucial role in cancer progression, particularly in hematological malignancies. They participate in intercellular communication by exchanging biological material, leading to the formation of tumor microenvironment, distant niches, and immunosuppressive microenvironment. The study of EVs in hematological malignancies holds great potential for improving detection and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shizhen Shen, Zhangjin Shen, Conghui Wang, Xiaodong Wu, Lingfang Wang, Lele Ye, Songfa Zhang, Xiaodong Cheng
Summary: In this study, a method for extracting extracellular vesicles (EVs) from epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissues was optimized to investigate the effect of cryopreservation on the phenotypes, contents, and biological functions of the extracted EVs. The results showed that cryopreservation affected the yield and distribution of EVs, but not their morphology or particle mass ratio. The storage of tissues at -80°C increased both small and large EV yields, while the storage of lysates at -80°C decreased large EV yield and increased small EV yield. The cryopreserved EOC tissue retained a high percentage of proteins and miRNAs, and the extracted EVs could promote angiogenesis and invasive migration ability in human endothelial cells. This suggests that cryopreserved EOC tissue has clinical value for studying tissue-derived EVs, especially those related to EV proteins.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Dinis Aires, Teresa Ribeiro-Rodrigues, Raquel Boia, Magda Ferreira-Rodrigues, Henrique Girao, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Ana Raquel Santiago
Summary: Microglial cells are important for maintaining neuronal homeostasis in the central nervous system, while chronic neuroinflammation plays a role in neurodegenerative diseases. Extracellular vesicles, such as apoptotic bodies, microvesicles, and exosomes, are involved in intercellular communication and may regulate microglial cell function. Understanding the role of microglial extracellular vesicles could provide insights into the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Horodecka, Markus Duchler
Summary: The establishment of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has revolutionized gene editing and therapeutic interventions, but challenges remain in effectively delivering components to living organisms. Utilizing extracellular vesicles as delivery devices may help overcome limitations and improve the clinical applications of this technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Xiaodong Guo, Can Can, Wancheng Liu, Yihong Wei, Xinyu Yang, Jinting Liu, Hexiao Jia, Wenbo Jia, Hanyang Wu, Daoxin Ma
Summary: Mitochondrial transfer serves as a new intercellular communication and plays a crucial role in hematological malignancies, leading to chemotherapy resistance. This review discusses the mechanisms and effects of mitochondrial transfer in different pathophysiological contexts, providing insights into its potential as a therapeutic target in improving treatment outcomes for hematological malignancies.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Chang Tian, Ke Wang, Min Zhao, Shan Cong, Xin Di, Ranwei Li
Summary: Sepsis, a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis and effective treatment of sepsis remain challenging due to its rapid progression and heterogeneity among individuals. This review highlights the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in sepsis, including their impact on pathological processes, organ dysfunction, and potential applications such as early diagnosis, dynamic monitoring, precision therapies, and vaccine platforms.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc Liebana-Jordan, Bruno Brotons, Juan Manuel Falcon-Perez, Esperanza Gonzalez
Summary: Extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in intercellular communication, especially in fungi, by maintaining cell structure, defending against the environment, and potentially impacting host interactions and disease outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fei Teng, Martin Fussenegger
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized secreted vesicles containing various biomolecules, which have low immunogenicity and can functionally modify recipient cells by transferring bioactive constituents. Therefore, they are considered as an excellent candidate for the next generation drug delivery system.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yujia Hao, Haoyue Song, Zilan Zhou, Xiaohang Chen, Huifei Li, Yuan Zhang, Jie Wang, Xiuyun Ren, Xing Wang
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important vehicles for intercellular communication, with different physiological and pathological effects, and can be used as biological therapeutic agents. In some cases, the release of EVs can exacerbate disease progression, while inhibition may delay disease development.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Sarah Beck, Bernhard Hochreiter, Johannes A. Schmid
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in intercellular communication by transferring nucleotides and proteins, and are associated with diseases such as cancer, inflammation, and thrombosis. They have the potential to serve as biomarkers for diagnosis and as vehicles for therapeutics in the future.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Amit Chatterjee, Ruchira Singh
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted membrane vesicles that come in various sizes, including exosomes (-30-200 nm) and microvesicles (MVs) that are around 100-1,000 nm in size. These EVs have been found to play a crucial role in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling, and are associated with a range of human disorders, including retinal degenerative diseases such as age related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). In this review, the authors provide an overview of the current understanding of the role of EVs in retinal physiology and specifically focus on how disease-related changes in EVs can impact specific retinal diseases. Additionally, they discuss the potential of EVs in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for targeting retinal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bryan John Abel Magoling, Anthony Yan-Tang Wu, Yen-Ju Chen, Wendy Wan-Ting Wong, Steven Ting-Yu Chuo, Hsi-Chien Huang, Yun-Chieh Sung, Hsin Tzu Hsieh, Poya Huang, Kang-Zhang Lee, Kuan-Wei Huang, Ruey-Hwa Chen, Yunching Chen, Charles Pin-Kuang Lai
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including small EVs (sEVs, exosomes) and medium to large EVs (bEVs, microvesicles), play important roles in intercellular communication in breast cancer. This study identifies distinct properties and functions of bEVs and sEVs in breast cancer, showing that bEVs are released in a higher ratio in aggressive triple-negative breast cancer subtype. Both bEVs and sEVs promote tumor growth in a murine model, and they share common tumor-progression-associated EV surface membrane proteins. Depletion of these proteins reduces the protumorigenic potential of EVs. This study highlights the significance of bEVs in breast cancer and suggests their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Zhenzhen Mo, Jia Yang Alex Cheong, Lirong Xiang, Minh T. N. Le, Andrew Grimson, Daniel Xin Zhang
Summary: Metastasis, the dissemination of primary tumor cells, is a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Metastatic organotropism, the specific distribution pattern of distant metastasis, is influenced by various factors. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in organ-specific metastasis, carrying bioactive cargo that can modulate the pre-metastatic niche and influencing diagnostic and prognostic values. Counteracting EV functions could be a novel therapeutic strategy to target metastasis. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms of EVs in organ-specific metastasis for clinical translation.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
William Phillips, Eduard Willms, Andrew F. Hill
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles released by cells, playing a role in intercellular communication and various physiological and pathological processes. Current size-based isolation methods are not optimal, and proteomic analysis may offer alternative approaches for EV purification.
Article
Immunology
Hong-Dien Phan, Modeline N. Longjohn, Delania J. B. Gormley, Reilly H. Smith, May Dang-Lawson, Linda Matsuuchi, Michael R. Gold, Sherri L. Christian
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can transfer functional cargo to recipient cells, impacting the physiology of the recipient cells. Stimulation of CD24 or IgM on donor cells leads to transfer of lipids, CD24, and IgM to recipient cells through EVs, providing recipient cells with a second BCR or sensitivity to anti-CD24-induced apoptosis. This transfer of extracellular signals through EVs can change neighboring cells' sensitivity to stimuli, potentially influencing B cell development or activation.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Modeline N. Longjohn, Willow R. B. Squires, Sherri L. Christian
Summary: The study aimed to identify a consensus miRNA signature for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) through reanalysis and meta-analysis of miRNA datasets. The results showed that there is currently no consensus miRNA signature, but eight promising miRNAs were identified for future investigations. Standardization of miRNA isolation and analysis is needed to enable cross-study comparisons and identify a consensus signature for B-ALL.
