Article
Clinical Neurology
Simone Pisano, Gianluca Sesso, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Gennaro Catone, Annarita Milone, Gabriele Masi
Summary: The study confirmed the two-correlated factor structure of CHT and found its correlations with different clinical symptoms. CHTQ total scores can discriminate patients from healthy controls, while the differences in CHTQ subscale scores among clinical groups are relatively small.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Goralczyk-Binkowska, Dagmara Szmajda-Krygier, Elzbieta Kozlowska
Summary: This article highlights the link between the intestinal microbiome and the brain, as well as the host response involving different pathways between the intestinal microbiota and the nervous system. It discusses microbiota alterations and their role in the development of psychiatric disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Anka Bernhard, Jutta S. Mayer, Nikola Fann, Christine M. Freitag
Summary: This systematic review investigated the cortisol stress response to psychosocial stress in ADHD compared to Conduct Disorder (CD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The study found that alterations of cortisol stress response in ADHD were less pronounced compared to CD and MDD, and were primarily driven by comorbidity with disruptive behavior disorders such as CD and ODD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Luis C. Farhat, Helena Brentani, Victor Hugo Calegari de Toledo, Elizabeth Shephard, Paulo Mattos, Simon Baron-Cohen, Anita Thapar, Erasmo Casella, Guilherme V. Polanczyk
Summary: The study found that in children and adolescents from the community, individual symptoms of ADHD and autism are largely segregated, with only a few symptoms showing moderate to strong associations, indicating weaker interconnectivity between ADHD and autism symptoms at the level of individual symptom items than between symptoms within the same construct.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Marta Llorens, Maria Barba, Jordi Torralbas, Roser Nadal, Antonio Armario, Humberto Gagliano, Maria Betriu, Lara Urraca, Susana Pujol, Itziar Montalvo, Rebeca Gracia, Olga Gimenez-Palop, Diego Palao, Montserrat Pamias, Javier Labad
Summary: The study found that HPA axis hormone levels are associated with the severity of cognitive and inattention symptoms of patients with ADHD, and childhood maltreatment and sex exert distinct moderating effects depending on the symptom type.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. M. Bruxel, C. R. Moreira-Maia, G. C. Akutagava-Martins, T. P. Quinn, M. Klein, B. Franke, M. Ribases, P. Rovira, C. Sanchez-Mora, D. B. Kappel, N. R. Mota, E. H. Grevet, C. H. D. Bau, M. Arcos-Burgos, L. A. Rohde, M. H. Hutz
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ADGRL3 gene variants and ADHD susceptibility in children and adults, finding significant correlation in children but not in adults. The results suggest that ADGRL3 gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Hannah E. Morton, Jennifer M. Gillis, Emily L. Zale, Kim C. Brimhall, Raymond G. Romanczyk
Summary: The ABE questionnaire was developed to address the lack of a specific questionnaire for neurodivergent youth in the field of bullying. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, a four-factor solution was identified. The ABE converges with existing questionnaires, diverges from disruptive behavior or internalizing symptoms, and is an effective measure of bullying.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Jessica E. Rast, Kristy A. Anderson, Anne M. Roux, Paul T. Shattuck
Summary: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of psychotropic medication use in children and youth with ASD, showing high rates of medication use among those with ASD and ADHD, with nearly half taking ASD-specific medication.
ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Li-Fan Pai, Der-Shiun Wang, Wan-Fu Hsu, Shao-Wei Huang, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Shyi-Jou Chen, Wu-Chien Chien, Der-Ming Chu
Summary: This study found that children with ADHD have a higher risk of central precocious puberty. Early referral to a pediatric endocrinologist for evaluation can lead to correct diagnosis. Early intervention treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist may improve final height in children with central precocious puberty.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Serena Camuso, Piergiorgio La Rosa, Maria Teresa Fiorenza, Sonia Canterini
Summary: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a highly studied neurotrophin in the mammalian brain, crucial for the development of neurons and synaptic plasticity. It is expressed at higher levels in brain areas such as cerebellum and hippocampus. Dysregulation of BDNF expression is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding the role of BDNF is important for researching and treating these disorders.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jung Tae Kim, Kibong Kim, Lin Ang, Hye Won Lee, Jun-Yong Choi, Myeong Soo Lee
Summary: This article describes a systematic review that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for ADHD. The study will conduct literature searches in multiple databases and analyze the selected studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The findings of this review will be used to support relevant health policies and practices.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Pedro H. Manfro, Rivka B. Pereira, Martha Rosa, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Helen L. Fisher, Brandon A. Kohrt, Valeria Mondelli, Christian Kieling
Summary: Calls for refining the understanding of depression beyond diagnostic criteria have increased in recent years. A study in Brazil found that both DSM and non-DSM depressive symptoms were relevant and interconnected in the symptom network of adolescents. Focusing on symptoms might enhance research on adolescent depression.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Gloria A. Pedersen, Crystal Lam, Megan Hoffmann, Zuzanna Zajkowska, Annabel Walsh, Christian Kieling, Valeria Mondelli, Helen L. Fisher, Kamal Gautam, Brandon A. Kohrt
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify risk factors for first-onset depression among adolescents and young people. The results showed that girls had significantly higher odds for first-onset depression compared to boys. Youth with other mental health problems at baseline also had higher odds for first-onset depression. However, the associations for negative family environment and parental depression were not significant.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Leehyun Yoon, Fernanda Rohrsetzer, Lucas Battel, Mauricio Anes, Pedro H. Manfro, Luis A. Rohde, Anna Viduani, Zuzanna Zajkowska, Valeria Mondelli, Christian Kieling, Johnna R. Swartz
Summary: This study examines the resting-state functional connectivity of frontolimbic circuitry associated with adolescent depression in Brazil and identifies altered connectivity and topology of the anterior cingulate cortex as potential neural correlates and risk factors of developing depression in adolescents.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Huanxing Su, Hi-Joon Park, Kuan-Pin Su
Summary: Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI), a burgeoning concept in recent years, holds potential for effective treatments of mental health disorders. Traditional and alternative therapies have gained momentum due to unmet needs and treatment failures in modern pharmacological approaches, specifically targeting mental disorders. This Special Issue focuses on introducing recent advances in traditional and alternative medications in East Asia at the interface of immunology, neurosciences, molecular psychiatry, and behavioral medicine neurosciences.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Po-Han Chou, Cheng-Hao Tu, Chun-Ming Chen, Ming-Kuei Lu, Chon-Haw Tsai, Wan-Ting Hsieh, Hui-Chen Lai, Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Kuan-Pin Su
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant efficacy of bilateral theta-burst stimulation (biTBS) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and its effects on brain responses measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during emotional processing. The results showed that the biTBS group had significantly decreased depression scores at week 8, and this difference persisted during the 24-week follow-up period. At week 4, patients in the biTBS group exhibited increased brain activities over the left superior and middle frontal gyrus during negative emotional stimuli.
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ke Zhang, Miaodan Huang, Ang Li, Jing Wen, Lingli Yan, Yunhao Li, Liman Guo, Kumaran Satyanarayanan Senthil, Yangyang Zhou, Guobing Chen, Yong Liu, Xiaofei Zhang, Xiaoli Yao, Dajiang Qin, Huanxing Su
Summary: In this study, DIAPH3 is identified as a scaffold protein that initiates liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and forms cytosolic phase-separated DIAPH3 granules (D-granules) in response to stress. These D-granules sequester DIAPH3 and inhibit actin filament assembly in filopodia, serving as a regulatory hub for actin cytoskeletal remodeling during stress.
Article
Immunology
Hsien-Yin Liao, Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Yi-Wen Lin, Kuan-Pin Su
Summary: This study investigated the specific efficacy and immune effects of acupuncture on pain and depression in patients with comorbid chronic pain and major depressive disorder (MDD). The results showed that specific acupoints for pain did not show greater efficacy than depression-specific acupoints, and pain-specific acupoints even improved depression symptoms better. The study suggests that pain and depression may share common biological mechanisms.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Liu Shu-Tsen, Lin Sheng-Che, Chang Jane Pei-Chen, Yang Kai-Jie, Chu Che-Sheng, Yang Chia-Chun, Liang Chih-Sung, Sun Ching-Fang, Wang Shao-Cheng, Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Su Kuan-Pin
Summary: There is growing evidence that COVID-19 is associated with increased risks of psychiatric sequelae, including depression, anxiety, cognitive impairments, sleep disturbance, and fatigue. This review provides timely updates on clinical research findings and identifies potential key targets for developing effective treatment strategies for long COVID. Additionally, the Formosa Long COVID Multicenter Study (FOCuS) applies the inflammation theory to the pathogenesis and treatment of post-COVID depression and anxiety.
CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Halliru Zailani, Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Wei-Chih Liao, Hsien-Feng Liao, Shih-Yi Huang, Piotr Galecki, Kuan-Pin Su, Jane Pei-Chen Chang
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of death globally, particularly in individuals over 40 years old. Mood disorders are frequently comorbid with COPD, but often overlooked or undiagnosed, leading to poor treatment outcomes and increased mortality. The exact link between COPD and mood disorders is still uncertain, but it is believed that inflammation in the lungs, blood, and brain may contribute to the development of mood disorders in COPD. Antidepressants are commonly used to manage mood disorders in COPD, but their efficacy is limited due to tolerability issues. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which regulate inflammatory responses, may offer promising alternatives for managing mood disorders in COPD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Halliru Zailani, Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Wei-Chih Liao, Yi-Ting Hsu, Shih-Yi Huang, Piotr Galecki, Kuan-Pin Su, Jane Pei-Chen Chang
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease that is associated with pulmonary inflammation and cognitive impairment. The exact mechanisms of cognitive impairment in COPD patients are still unclear, but hypoxia, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and cerebral manifestations of these conditions are believed to play crucial roles. Current medications for cognitive impairment in COPD patients may have life-threatening adverse effects, indicating the need for alternative medications. This review discusses the potential role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) in improving cognitive deficits in COPD patients and highlights the importance of clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs in managing cognitive impairment in COPD patients.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Senthil Kumaran Satyanarayanan, Zisis Kozlakidis
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Rory C. O'Connor, Carol M. Worthman, Marie Abanga, Nikoletta Athanassopoulou, Niall Boyce, Lai Fong Chan, Helen Christensen, Jayati Das-Munshi, James Downs, Karestan C. Koenen, Christine Yu Moutier, Peter Templeton, Philip Batterham, Karen Brakspear, Richard G. Frank, Simon Gilbody, Oye Gureje, David Henderson, Ann John, Wilbroad Kabagambe, Murad Khan, David Kessler, Olivia J. Kirtley, Sarah Kline, Brandon Kohrt, Alisa K. Lincoln, Crick Lund, Emily Mendenhall, Regina Miranda, Valeria Mondelli, Thomas Niederkrotenthaler, David Osborn, Jane Pirkis, Anthony R. Pisani, Benny Prawira, Hala Rachidi, Soraya Seedat, Dan Siskind, Lakshmi Vijayakumar, Paul S. F. Yip
Summary: Globally, many people die prematurely from suicide and physical comorbidities associated with mental illness. The purpose of this Review is to turn evidence into prioritized actions to reduce this inequality. We identified 12 key risk factors and mechanisms, and found commonalities between suicide and physical comorbidities. We also identified 18 actionable solutions, including integrating mental and physical health care, prioritizing prevention, and addressing inequality. It is now the time to act and rebuild healthcare systems. Rating: 8 out of 10.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicole Mariani, Anna Mclaughlin, Ellen Lambert, Melisa Kose, Naghmeh Nikkheslat, Olivia Patsalos, Anna Bogdanova, Ghassan Chamseddine, Spyros Panagiotopoulos, Avril Chang, Francesco Rubino, Valeria Mondelli
Summary: This study investigated the differences in cortisol levels between individuals with obesity and depression and those without depression, and found that the higher levels of perceived stress in the depressed subjects could contribute to the differences.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Fernanda Rohrsetzer, Joana Bisol Balardin, Felipe Picon, Joao Ricardo Sato, Lucas Battel, Anna Viduani, Pedro Henrique Manfro, Leehyun Yoon, Brandon A. Kohrt, Helen L. Fisher, Valeria Mondelli, Johnna R. Swartz, Christian Kieling
Summary: This study explored the differences in regional cortical morphometric structure between adolescents at risk for depression or with current depression. The results showed no major differences in brain structure according to the risk and presence of depression.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zuzanna Zajkowska, Naghmeh Nikkheslat, Pedro H. Manfro, Laila Souza, Fernanda Rohrsetzer, Anna Viduani, Rivka Pereira, Jader Piccin, Valentina Zonca, Annabel E. L. Walsh, Nancy Gullett, Helen L. Fisher, Johnna R. Swartz, Brandon A. Kohrt, Christian Kieling, Valeria Mondelli
Summary: This study found sex-specific associations between inflammatory markers and adolescent depression, with boys showing higher IL-2 levels and girls showing elevated IL-6 levels. IL-2 may increase the risk and severity of depressive symptoms in boys, while IL-6 may increase the risk for more severe depressive symptoms in girls.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Wan-Ju Cheng, Hong-Mo Shih, Kuan-Pin Su, Po-Ren Hsueh
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Felipe Kenji Sudo, Talita P. Pinto, Fernanda G. Q. Barros-Aragao, Ivanei Bramati, Theo F. Marins, Marina Monteiro, Fernanda Meireles, Rejane Soares, Pilar Erthal, Victor Calil, Naima Assuncao, Natalia Oliveira, Joana Bondarovsky, Camila Lima, Beatriz Chagas, Alana Batista, Julia Lins, Thais L. Pinheiro, Felippe Mendonca, Andrea Silveira de Souza, Fernanda C. Rodrigues, Gabriel R. de Freitas, Pedro Kurtz, Paulo Mattos, Erika C. Rodrigues, Fernanda G. De Felice, Fernanda Tovar-Moll
Summary: Post-COVID-19 Condition (PCC) is a multisystemic syndrome that persists for months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, affecting cognitive function and neuropsychiatric features. A study on COVID-19 survivors in Brazil found that these patients experienced significant difficulties in overall cognition, memory, working memory, and inhibitory control, as well as fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. In addition, elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood were associated with brain microstructural damage and cognitive impairments.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Letter
Immunology
Tieh-Cheng Fu, Juei-Chao Chen, Ching-Mao Chang
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Aastha Dheer, Dale B. Bosco, Jiaying Zheng, Lingxiao Wang, Shunyi Zhao, Koichiro Haruwaka, Min-Hee Yi, Abhijeet Barath, Dai-Shi Tian, Long-Jun Wu
Summary: Microglial activation plays a crucial role in the pathology of epilepsy, with both acute and prolonged activation affecting seizure severity and neuronal loss.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Julie B. Rosenberg, Jens Richardt Mollegaard Jepsen, Parisa Mohammadzadeh, Astrid Sevelsted, Rebecca Vinding, Mikkel E. Sorensen, David Horner, Kristina Aagaard, Birgitte Fagerlund, Susanne Brix, Nilofar Folsgaard, Ann -Marie M. Schoos, Jakob Stokholm, Bo Chawes, Christos Pantelis, Soren Dalsgaard, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Niels Bilenberg, Klaus Bonnelykke, Bjorn H. Ebdrup
Summary: Clinical data demonstrates a strong association between prenatal maternal inflammation assessed by hs-CRP and a diagnosis of ADHD by age 10. Maternal inflammation is also associated with ADHD symptom load in the entire cohort.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Suzanne M. Green-Fulgham, Michael J. Lacagnina, Kendal F. Willcox, Jiahe Li, Michael E. Harland, Adriano Polican Ciena, Igor R. Correia Rocha, Jayson B. Ball, Renee A. Dreher, Younus A. Zuberi, Joseph M. Dragavon, Marucia Chacur, Steven F. Maier, Linda R. Watkins, Peter M. Grace
Summary: Regular aerobic activity, specifically voluntary wheel running, can reduce the risk of chronic pain by inhibiting MAC and preserving myelin integrity at the site of peripheral nerve injury.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
India Boyton, Stella M. Valenzuela, Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino, Andrew Care
Summary: Neuronanomedicine is a multidisciplinary field that aims to develop innovative nanotechnologies for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Nanoparticles are an important component of neuronanomedicine, as they can improve drug properties and enhance safety and delivery across the blood-brain barrier. However, a major challenge for neuronanomedicine translation is the poor understanding of bio-nano interactions, partly due to inconsistent reporting in published works. This review provides specific recommendations to guide researchers in harnessing the unique properties of nanoparticles for breakthrough treatments of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Celine De Looze, Cathal McCrory, Aisling O'Halloran, Silvia Polidoro, Rose Anne Kenny, Joanne Feeney
Summary: Our study found that subjective measures of stress and biological metrics may be independently associated with cognitive function over time in older adults, hinting at potential different underlying mechanisms.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Beatrice Bravi, Elisa Maria Teresa Melloni, Marco Paolini, Mariagrazia Palladini, Federico Calesella, Laura Servidio, Elena Agnoletto, Sara Poletti, Cristina Lorenzi, Cristina Colombo, Francesco Benedetti
Summary: Depressed patients show changes in immune-inflammatory markers in their blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The Choroid Plexus, located at the base of the brain ventricles, plays a key role in regulating the exchange of substances between the brain and immune cells. Patients with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder have larger Choroid Plexus volumes compared to healthy controls. Age and levels of circulating cytokines are associated with Choroid Plexus volumes in the clinical groups.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Mingxuan Zheng, Huaiyu Ye, Xiaoying Yang, Lijun Shen, Xuemei Dang, Xiaoli Liu, Yuying Gong, Qingyuan Wu, Li Wang, Xing Ge, Xiaoli Fang, Benchi Hou, Peng Zhang, Renxian Tang, Kuiyang Zheng, Xu-Feng Huang, Yinghua Yu
Summary: Obesity is linked to cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease. The connection between the gut microbiota and the brain is altered in obesity. The probiotic Clostridium butyricum can improve cognitive impairment caused by obesity and prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Edward Drydale, Phalguni Rath, Katie Holden, Gregory Holt, Laurissa Havins, Thomas Johnson, James Bancroft, Lahiru Handunnetthi
Summary: This study created a novel three-dimensional neurosphere assay using induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation and live cell imaging techniques to investigate the effect of a simulated viral infection on cortical development. The findings demonstrated that the infection led to reduced radial glial growth and neural migration.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Yuancheng Weng, Ningting Chen, Rui Zhang, Jian He, Xukai Ding, Guo Cheng, Qianqian Bi, Ying-mei Lu, Xiao Z. Shen, Shu Wan, Peng Shi
Summary: This study reveals that microglia is the primary cellular source of PDGFB in adults, and microglial PDGFB is crucial for maintaining BBB integrity in adult mice.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Evan A. Bordt, Haley A. Moya, Young Chan Jo, Caitlin T. Ravichandran, Izabella M. Bankowski, Alexis M. Ceasrine, Christopher J. Mcdougle, William A. Carlezon Jr, Staci D. Bilbo
Summary: There is a strong male bias in many neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, but the mechanisms behind this bias are unknown. Infection during the perinatal period increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Using a mouse model, researchers found that early-life immune activation only induced deficits in social behaviors in male mice. These behavioral changes were associated with alterations in microglial immune signaling, mitochondrial morphology, gene expression, and function specifically in microglia, the brain's innate immune cells. Furthermore, the vulnerability to early-life immune activation and its effects on behavior and microglial mitochondria were programmed by the male-typical perinatal gonadal hormone surge. These findings highlight the role of microglia-specific mechanisms shaped by early developmental events in regulating male social behavior throughout lifespan.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Maria Amalia Di Castro, Stefano Garofalo, Alessandro Mormino, Laura Carbonari, Erika Di Pietro, Eleonora De Felice, Myriam Catalano, Laura Maggi, Cristina Limatola
Summary: Cytokines, such as interleukin-15 (IL-15), play important roles in modulating the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, the authors found that exposure to IL-15 enhances GABA release and reduces glutamatergic currents in hippocampal slices. Chronic treatment with IL-15 has negative effects on memory formation. Serotonin is involved in mediating these effects, as a selective 5-HT3A receptor antagonist prevents the effects on inhibitory neurotransmission and improves performance in a memory test.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Nikhitha Sreenivas, Michael Maes, Hansashree Padmanabha, Apoorva Dharmendra, Priyanka Chakkera, Saptamita Paul Choudhury, Fazal Abdul, Thrinath Mullapudi, Vykuntaraju K. Gowda, Michael Berk, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Monojit Debnath
Summary: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a spectrum of conditions with both common and differing characteristics in terms of phenome, symptomatome, neuropathology, risk factors and underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the possibility of a shared immune etiology among three early-onset NDDs, namely Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Intellectual Disability Disorder (IDD).
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
