Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Grant L. Norbury, Catherine J. Price, M. Cecilia Latham, Samantha J. Brown, A. David M. Latham, Gretchen E. Brownstein, Hayley C. Ricardo, Nikki J. McArthur, Peter B. Banks
Summary: Efficient decision-making integrates previous experience with new information. Tactical use of misinformation can alter choice in humans. The study demonstrates that altering perceptions of prey availability through sensory misinformation tactics can effectively manage problem predators and improve conservation outcomes for threatened species.
Article
Microbiology
Xing-Juan Xiao, Jian Ma, Li-Juan Zhang, Ning-Guo Liu, Yuan-Pin Xiao, Xing-Guo Tian, Zong-Long Luo, Yong-Zhong Lu
Summary: During a study of helicosporous fungi in China, six new taxa belonging to the Helicosporium genus were discovered. Morphological comparisons and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses were carried out to identify these taxa and three novel species were named. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and comparisons with similar fungi were provided, along with a list and key to accepted Helicosporium species.
Article
Plant Sciences
Piotr Mleczko, Dorota Hilszczanska, Filip Karpowicz, Maciej Kozak, Marco Leonardi, Aleksandra Rosa-Gruszecka, Anna Tereba, Giovanni Pacioni
Summary: This study reports the discovery of Tuber wenchuanense, a species originally described from Sichuan, China, in the Tatra Mountains in southern Poland. Both morphological and molecular analysis were conducted, and the ectomycorrhiza of this truffle with Picea abies was described for the first time. The distribution of T. wenchuanense, reconstructed based on nucleotide sequence data, reveals its holarctic range and its preference for mountainous coniferous forests and alpine/arctic tundra.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ronnie Mogensen, Alexander Buckel, Simon Colbin, Reza Younesi
Summary: This study proposes a fluorine-free electrolyte based on sodium bis(oxalate)borate, which can be dissolved in NMP and TMP solvents, providing a high ionic conductivity.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Suguru Ito, Ryohei Sekine, Masayasu Munakata, Maho Yamashita, Takashi Tachikawa
Summary: In this study, a two-component donor-acceptor approach was used to create a variety of organic MCL composites that exhibit remarkable emission-wavelength switching, with outstanding wide-range MCL achieved by mixing dibenzofuran-based bis(1-pyrenylmethyl)diamine with 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic diimide. Unprecedented two-step MCL in response to mechanical stimuli of different intensity was also realized for a two-component mixture with 9,10-anthraquinone. Fluorescence microscopy observations at the single-particle level revealed that the segregation and mixing of the two-component dyes contribute to the stimuli-responsive emission-color switching of the MCL composites.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jun Ge, Shengping Dai, Xu Dong, Meng Li, Yida Xu, Yaoyao Jiang, Ningyi Yuan, Jianning Ding
Summary: This study focuses on the mechanical properties of organogels obtained by cross-linking polyacrylic acid with vinyl functionalized silicon nanoparticles. The introduction of conductive polymer polypyrrole as a conductive skeleton grafted onto gelatin allows for a wide temperature range and balanced mechanical, electrical, and self-healing properties. The resulting organogel shows potential for applications in human-machine interfaces and soft robots.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Giacomo Fais, Alessia Manca, Federico Bolognesi, Massimiliano Borselli, Alessandro Concas, Marco Busutti, Giovanni Broggi, Pierdanilo Sanna, Yandy Marx Castillo-Aleman, Rene Antonio Rivero-Jimenez, Antonio Alfonso Bencomo-Hernandez, Yendry Ventura-Carmenate, Michela Altea, Antonella Pantaleo, Gilberto Gabrielli, Federico Biglioli, Giacomo Cao, Giuseppe Giannaccare
Summary: Spirulina, as a well-studied cyanobacterium, has potential benefits in improving healthcare in both space and on Earth. It could be a new technology for sustaining long-duration manned missions to planets beyond Lower Earth Orbit and play an active role in various aspects of medicine.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu Sun, Jing-Chang Li, Haoshen Zhou, Shaohua Guo
Summary: This review comprehensively summarizes the operation fundamentals of SMBs in different environments and proposes various targeted optimization strategies.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alaa Z. Omar, Mohamed A. El-Rahman, Ezzat A. Hamed, Samir K. El-Sadany, Mohamed A. El-atawy
Summary: In this study, benzidine was coupled with ethyl cyanoacetate and malononitrile to give azo-hydrazo products, which were subsequently cyclized with hydrazine and phenyl hydrazine to obtain 4,4'-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diylbis(hydrazin-2-yl-1-ylidene))bis pyrazole derivatives 5-7. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by various spectral analysis techniques. It was found that the lambda(max) of the synthesized dyes were sensitive to pH variation and minimally influenced by the coupler moieties in 0.1 M NaOH and 0.1 M HCl in DMF. Polyester fabric (PE-F) was dyed in water using the dispersion agent DYEWELL-002, and the color strength (K/S), its summation (K/Ssum), dye exhaustion (%E), and reflectance values were measured and discussed. The DFT method, at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level, was utilized to estimate the chemical descriptor parameters of the dyes and investigate their performance, as well as propose a mechanism of the dyeing process.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Lei Yu, Si-Yuan Xu, Xin-Cheng Luo, Sheng-Hua Ying, Ming-Guang Feng
Summary: The anti-UV proteins Rad1 and Rad10 in Beauveria bassiana interact with photolyase regulators and play a crucial role in protecting formulated conidia from solar UV damage. However, their nucleotide excision repair (NER) activities are insufficient in field conditions where nighttime is short.
Review
Energy & Fuels
Sofia Esquivel-Elizondo, Alejandra Hormaza Mejia, Tianyi Sun, Eriko Shrestha, Steven P. Hamburg, Ilissa B. Ocko
Summary: Hydrogen has the potential to decarbonize various economic sectors, but its emissions along the value chain may undermine the anticipated climate benefits. Studies have estimated emissions using different methods, but direct measurements are needed to accurately assess the climate impact of hydrogen deployment.
FRONTIERS IN ENERGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongtao Wang, Peng Zhang, Xiaoyun Lin, Gong Zhang, Hui Gao, Qingzhen Wang, Zhi-Jian Zhao, Tuo Wang, Jinlong Gong
Summary: This research describes the design and fabrication of a copper-palladium (Cu-Pd) alloy nanocrystal catalyst that inhibits H2 and nitrite generation in electrolytes. The interfacial sites of Cu-Pd alloys enhance the adsorption energy and coverage of hydrogen species (H*) while increasing the reaction rate constant of NO2*-to-NO*. Under ambient conditions, optimal FE(NH3) is close to 100% at a wide pH range, with the solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency approaching 4.29%.
SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edward C. Y. Liew, Maureen Phelan, Keith L. McDougall
Summary: Phytophthora cinnamomi is a soil-borne pathogen that can invade the roots of a wide range of host plants, potentially leading to their death and impacting the ecosystems they inhabit. However, our study found that many recommended hygiene practices have not been experimentally tested and some do not achieve their claimed effectiveness.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhongbao Jiang, Tingting Yang, Xulei Lu, Chunqiao Fu, Yong Zhang, Kedong Shang, Jian Zhou, Changliu He, Pengfei Zhu, Qi-Chang He
Summary: Hygroelectric generator has gained widespread attention due to its advantages of sustainability, stability, and low cost. However, existing generators based on hydrovoltaic effect are limited to low ion concentrations, which restricts their practical applications. In this study, a device concept is proposed to break the solution salinity limit and generate electricity while producing clean water vapor, through the synergistic effect of nanofluidic diode govern ion transport and REDOX reaction. This breakthrough improves the operational reliability, power output, and versatility of hygroelectric generators in dynamic salinity environments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhi Li, Yu Zhang, Jianhua Zhang, Yongjie Cao, Jiawei Chen, Haimei Liu, Yonggang Wang
Summary: In this study, a sodium-ion battery with a wide-temperature range is proposed, demonstrating good performance at both low and high temperatures.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Elias Alisaac, Anna Rathgeb, Petr Karlovsky, Anne-Katrin Mahlein
Summary: The study found that F. graminearum grows downward within infected wheat spikes and DON accumulation is largely confined to the colonized tissue. Additionally, F. graminearum was able to infect wheat kernels and cause mycotoxin contamination even when inoculated 25 days after anthesis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mebeaselassie Andargie, Maria Vinas, Anna Rathgeb, Evelyn Moeller, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: This article reviews the characteristics and transformation pathways of lignans in sesame, including their biosynthesis processes and effects in plants. Studies have found lignans to be beneficial for health, with properties that promote health and enhance the efficacy of insecticides, but the specific biological functions in plants still need further research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas Beule, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: Tree rows in temperate agroforestry systems increase soil bacterial abundance, while their diversity remains largely unaffected. Bacterial communities in tree rows differ from those in arable land, showing an introduction of a tree row-associated microbiome.
Article
Microbiology
Lukas Beule, Markus Arndt, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: Plant production systems that are more sustainable than conventional monoculture croplands are the vision of future agriculture, with agroforestry being among the most promising alternatives. This study assessed the composition and diversity of the soil fungal community in temperate poplar-based alley cropping and monoculture cropland systems, highlighting the importance of absolute quantification to supplement amplicon sequencing-based frequency data. Tree rows strongly influenced the soil fungal community, promoting ectomycorrhiza and enhancing nutrient acquisition, suggesting that a combination of relative and absolute abundances is necessary for a comprehensive assessment of population size and dynamics.
Article
Biology
Li Liu, Christoph Sasse, Benedict Dirnberger, Oliver Valerius, Eniko Fekete-Szuecs, Rebekka Harting, Daniela E. Nordzieke, Stefanie Poeggeler, Petr Karlovsky, Jennifer Gerke, Gerhard H. Braus
Summary: The study shows that fungal Hulle cells play a crucial role in regulating development and secondary metabolism of Aspergillus nidulans, accumulating metabolites with antifeedant activity to protect reproductive structures from animal predators.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas Beule, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: The study revealed that the composition of soil fungal communities responds rapidly to the integration of trees into arable land through agroforestry, while the fungal biomass is not affected during the first one and a half years after planting the trees. The fungal communities in the tree row significantly diverge with the age of the system.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vitor Heidrich, Petr Karlovsky, Lukas Beule
Summary: Various ecological data types, especially microbiome count data, are typically normalized sample-wise before analysis to address sampling bias and technical artifacts. A new algorithm called 'scaling with ranked subsampling (SRS)' has been developed, outperforming the commonly used 'rarefying' method in reproducibility and preserving the original community structure. The SRS algorithm has been implemented in the 'SRS' R package and 'q2-srs' QIIME 2 plugin, along with additional functions for dataset exploration to aid parameter selection for SRS.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Petr Karlovsky
Summary: The study focuses on special cases of Diophantine equations and provides new parametric solutions. There are exactly two solutions for n = 2 when F is a prime. There are upper and lower bounds for the sum of solutions, and equations are solvable under certain conditions.
Review
Polymer Science
Tristan Hampe, Andreas Wiessner, Holm Frauendorf, Mohammad Alhussein, Petr Karlovsky, Ralf Buergers, Sebastian Krohn
Summary: Dental resins have been widely applied in dentistry, but they may release toxic substances in the oral environment, causing public concern. However, the heterogeneous study design in current research hinders effective biocompatibility testing. Therefore, a reliable experimental and analytical setup is necessary to assess patient exposure and health risks.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Simon Schiwek, Mohammad Alhussein, Charlotte Rodemann, Tuvshinjargal Budragchaa, Lukas Beule, Andreas von Tiedemann, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: Fusarium culmorum, a major pathogen of grain crops, was found to produce a new trichothecene toxin, NX-2, along with other mycotoxins. This discovery is significant in understanding the toxin production in F. culmorum.
Article
Biology
Yedomon Ange Bovys Zoclanclounon, Michael Rostas, Nam-Jin Chung, Youngjun Mo, Petr Karlovsky, Komivi Dossa
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive investigation of peroxidase and laccase genes in the emerging oil crop sesame. Potential (+)-pinoresinol synthase genes were identified and their expression patterns matched the accumulation of (+)-pinoresinol in seeds. These findings have wide potential applications in food, health, and medicinal domains.
Article
Plant Sciences
Stefanny Campos-Boza, Maria Vinas, Paul Solorzano-Cascante, Andrea Holst, Douglas A. Steinmacher, Miguel P. Guerra, Victor M. Jimenez
Summary: This study reports a successful protocol for regenerating peach palm plants through somatic embryogenesis from TCL explants of adult plants, which could be used for mass clonal propagation and conservation of endangered gene bank accessions.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Fabiola Carranza-Mesen, Monica Blanco-Meneses, Maria del Milagro Granados-Montero, Maria Vinas
Summary: This study aimed to identify the Aspergillus species colonizing common beans and peanuts in Costa Rica and identify atoxigenic strains of A. flavus. The results demonstrate the diversity of Aspergillus species contaminating the grains of these legumes, with the majority of isolates belonging to mycotoxin-producing species that can have adverse effects on human health.
AGRONOMIA MESOAMERICANA
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Carlos Viquez-Zamora, Sergio Castro-Pacheco, Maria Vinas, Pablo Bolanos-Villegas
Summary: In this project, we investigated the DNA repair efficiency of maize inbred lines and landraces from Central America, and found significant differences in the ability to repair DNA damage. This suggests that allelic diversity in key genes for homologous recombination may contribute to tolerance to genotoxic stress. Central American landraces could be used for breeding new maize lines that are better adapted to tolerate DNA damage caused by environmental factors.
CABI AGRICULTURE & BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
