Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roman Sankowski, Jasmin Ahmari, Charlotte Mezoe, Anna Lena Hrabe de Angelis, Vidmante Fuchs, Olaf Utermoehlen, Thorsten Buch, Thomas Blank, Mercedes Gomez de Agueero, Andrew J. Macpherson, Daniel Erny
Summary: The study reveals differential effects of microbiota on microglia and CAMs. While microbiota tightly regulate the transcriptional profiles and numbers of choroid plexus macrophages under normal conditions, acute perturbations and chronic diseases affect CAMs differently.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aize Pellon, Diego Barriales, Ainize Pena-Cearra, Janire Castelo-Careaga, Ainhoa Palacios, Nerea Lopez, Estibaliz Atondo, Miguel Angel Pascual-Itoiz, Itziar Martin-Ruiz, Leticia Sampedro, Monika Gonzalez-Lopez, Laura Barcena, Teresa Martin-Mateos, Jose Maria Landete, Rafael Prados-Rosales, Laura Plaza-Vinuesa, Rosario Munoz, Blanca de las Rivas, Juan Miguel Rodriguez, Edurne Berra, Ana M. Aransay, Leticia Abecia, Jose Luis Lavin, Hector Rodriguez, Juan Anguita
Summary: The study demonstrates that innate immune memory plays a crucial role in promoting anti-inflammatory homeostasis by modulating bacterial intracellular survival and reducing the release of pro-inflammatory signals. Changes in metabolic pathways discovered in memory cells contribute to maintaining gut homeostasis.
Article
Microbiology
Monica Viladomiu, Maeva L. Metz, Svetlana F. Lima, Wen-Bing Jin, Lance Chou, Jri Live Cell Bank, Chun-Jun Guo, Gretchen E. Diehl, Kenneth W. Simpson, Ellen J. Scherl, Randy S. Longman
Summary: This study revealed the association of AIEC encoding PduC with the microbiome of CD patients, driving AIEC-induced intestinal T cell inflammation. The inflammatory cascade requires the catalytic activity of PduC to generate propionate, synergizing with lipopolysaccharide to induce IL-1 beta by MNPs. Disrupting fucose availability can limit AIEC-induced propionate production and intestinal inflammation.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Julia L. Drewes, Jie Chen, Nicholas O. Markham, Reece J. Knippel, Jada C. Domingue, Ada J. Tam, June L. Chan, Lana Kim, Madison McMann, Courtney Stevens, Christine M. Dejea, Sarah Tomkovich, John Michel, James R. White, Fuad Mohammad, Victoria L. Campodonico, Cody N. Heiser, Xinqun Wu, Shaoguang Wu, Hua Ding, Patricia Simner, Karen Carroll, Martha J. Shrubsole, Robert A. Anders, Seth T. Walk, Christian Jobin, Fengyi Wan, Robert J. Coffey, Franck Housseau, Ken S. Lau, Cynthia L. Sears
Summary: This study reveals the role of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile in promoting colorectal cancer, suggesting that chronic colonization with this pathogenic bacteria may drive tumor development through the induction of Wnt signaling, reactive oxygen species, and protumorigenic mucosal immune responses.
Article
Microbiology
Caroline Tawk, Bentley Lim, Natasha A. Bencivenga-Barry, Hannah J. Lees, Ruben J. F. Ramos, Justin Cross, Andrew L. Goodman
Summary: Gastrointestinal infection can alter microbiome composition and gene expression. This study reveals that enteric infection also leads to rapid genetic adaptation in gut commensals. By studying Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron population dynamics in gnotobiotic mice, it was observed that the introduction of the enteropathogen Citrobacter rodentium promotes selection of a single-nucleotide variant with increased fitness. This variant mutation enhances resistance to oxidative stress by affecting the sequence of a fitness essential protein, IctA. Furthermore, it was found that certain commensal species can attenuate the selection of this variant during infection and this attenuation is associated with increased levels of vitamin B6 in the gut lumen. Direct administration of vitamin B6 significantly reduces variant expansion in infected mice, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target in enteric infections.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Haijian Sun, Yunke Guo, Haidan Wang, Ailing Yin, Jing Hu, Tianjie Yuan, Shuxin Zhou, Weichen Xu, Peng Wei, Shusheng Yin, Panru Liu, Xi Guo, Yizhao Tang, Yujiao Yan, Zichen Luo, Majie Wang, Qingqing Liang, Peng Wu, Aifeng Zhang, Zhuxiu Zhou, Yueyue Chen, Yongming Li, Jing Li, Jinjun Shan, Wei Zhou
Summary: This study found that the food-derived Parabacteroides distasonis can ameliorate the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is negatively correlated with disease activity in RA patients. In addition, 3-oxoLCA and isoLCA can inhibit the development of RA by stimulating TGR5 and promoting macrophage polarization.
Article
Microbiology
Mahsa Mirzarazi, Soroor Bashiri, Ali Hashemi, Mahmoud Vahidi, Bahram Kazemi, Mojgan Bandehpour
Summary: This study found that the expression of OmpA protein was increased in the commensal E.coli B2 phylogenetic group isolated from CRC patients. OmpA protein significantly decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic genes in the HCT116 colon cancer cell line. The findings suggest that OmpA protein of gut E.coli strains may affect the eukaryotic cell cycle.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyla S. Ost, Teresa R. O'Meara, W. Zac Stephens, Tyson Chiaro, Haoyang Zhou, Jourdan Penman, Rickesha Bell, Jason R. Catanzaro, Deguang Song, Shakti Singh, Daniel H. Call, Elizabeth Hwang-Wong, Kimberly E. Hanson, John F. Valentine, Kenneth A. Christensen, Ryan M. O'Connell, Brendan Cormack, Ashraf S. Ibrahim, Noah W. Palm, Suzanne M. Noble, June L. Round
Summary: The study reveals the crucial role of adaptive immune response in suppressing harmful fungal effectors, benefiting both Candida albicans and its host. IgA plays a key role in targeting specific adhesins to suppress the pathogenic hyphal morphotype of Candida, promoting intestinal homeostasis.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Shuo Jiao, Weimin Chen, Gehong Wei
Summary: This study found that core microbiota are crucial for maintaining the functional stability of soil microbiomes, especially in restored ecosystems. Core taxa within soil networks with similar ecological preferences play a significant role in functional stability. Reforestation was shown to decrease functional stability in soil microbiomes, with variations seen along the vertical soil profile.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Hongtao Liu, Ping Gao, Baoqian Jia, Na Lu, Baoli Zhu, Fuping Zhang
Summary: The Atg16L1T300A polymorphism impacts the commensal bacterial flora in the intestine, leading to an increase in certain bacteria abundance, a decrease in mucin secretion, resulting in defective autophagy and more severe inflammation response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tadashi Takeuchi, Eiji Miyauchi, Takashi Kanaya, Tamotsu Kato, Yumiko Nakanishi, Takashi Watanabe, Toshimori Kitami, Takashi Taida, Takaharu Sasaki, Hiroki Negishi, Shu Shimamoto, Akinobu Matsuyama, Ikuo Kimura, Ifor R. Williams, Osamu Ohara, Hiroshi Ohno
Summary: This study found that the gut microbial metabolite acetate not only increases IgA production in the colon, but also alters the ability of IgA to bind to specific microorganisms. Acetate orchestrates interactions between epithelial and immune cells, induces microbially stimulated CD4 T cells to support T-cell-dependent IgA production, and changes the localization of these bacteria within the colon.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shiqi Wang, Jialin Wu, Duo Ran, Guosen Ou, Yaokang Chen, Huachong Xu, Li Deng, Xiaoyin Chen
Summary: This study is the first bibliometric evaluation and systematic analysis of publications related to mucosal immunity and commensal microbiota in the past two decades. It summarizes the contributions of countries, institutions, and scholars in this field. The study found that the interaction between commensal microbiota and mucosal immunity plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses, maintaining communication between different microbiota and the host. Several hot topics in this field, such as the effects of metabolites on mucosal immunity, physiopathological phenomena of commensal microbiota, and the relationship between COVID-19 and mucosal immunity, have gained extensive attention in recent years.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuai Du, Xin-Qi Li, Jiao Feng, Qiaoyun Huang, Yu-Rong Liu
Summary: Soil microbial communities have resistance to environmental stresses and are important for maintaining ecosystem functions. However, the factors driving community resistance to heavy metal pollution and functional stability are still unclear.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Jihong Bae, Kwangcheon Park, You-Me Kim
Summary: Cancer is a leading cause of death globally, and the number of cancer patients is expected to continue increasing. Traditional cancer therapies have largely ignored the role of the immune system in eliminating cancer cells, but recent understanding of immunological mechanisms has led to the development of immunotherapies that have revolutionized cancer treatment. However, only a small proportion of patients respond to immunotherapy, and one critical factor in determining the success of immunotherapy is the commensal microbiota inhabiting patients. The functional diversity of the microbiota can differentially affect the host immune system and control the efficacy of immunotherapy in individual cancer patients. Clinical studies have shown that changing the gut microbiota composition through fecal microbiota transplantation can convert non-responders to responders of the same therapy. Therefore, extensive efforts are being made to identify and develop specific bacteria or bacteria mixtures for cancer immunotherapy.
Article
Microbiology
Morgan M. Severn, Michael R. Williams, Ali Shahbandi, Zoie L. Bunch, Laurie M. Lyon, Amber Nguyen, Livia S. Zaramela, Daniel A. Todd, Karsten Zengler, Nadja B. Cech, Richard L. Gallo, Alexander R. Horswill
Summary: Human skin is home to a variety of commensal bacteria, including Staphylococcus hominis, which plays an important role in preventing Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection. It produces multiple signaling molecules that inhibit the virulence factor regulation system of S. aureus and other related species. Synthetic versions of these molecules have shown protective effects against S. aureus-associated skin injuries in animal models.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hanan Bloomer, Richard H. Smith, Waleed Hakami, Andre Larochelle
Summary: Ex vivo gene correction of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) has shown promising results for treating inherited blood disorders. The novel NHEJ-based CRISPR-Cas9-mediated transgene knockin approach, known as HITI, has demonstrated improved site-specific integration frequencies in non-dividing cells, offering an effective alternative to HDR-based transgene integration in CD34+ HSPCs.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Christi T. Salisbury-Ruf, Andre Larochelle
Summary: Homology-directed gene editing in HSPCs holds promise for treating inherited blood disorders by overcoming the limitations of viral vector-mediated gene therapies. However, achieving high-efficiency gene editing in these cells remains a technical challenge that requires further strategies and advancements.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Husam Qanash, Yongqin Li, Richard H. Smith, Kaari Linask, Sara Young-Baird, Waleed Hakami, Keyvan Keyvanfar, John S. Choy, Jizhong Zou, Andre Larochelle
Summary: Diamond Blackfan Anemia (DBA) is a congenital macrocytic anemia associated with ribosomal protein haploinsufficiency. The FDA-approved drug eltrombopag shows promise in improving anemia in DBA patients by restricting the labile iron pool derived from excessive free heme.
Article
Cell Biology
Hyeseon Cho, Kristina Kay Gonzales-Wartz, Deli Huang, Meng Yuan, Mary Peterson, Janie Liang, Nathan Beutler, Jonathan L. Torres, Yu Cong, Elena Postnikova, Sandhya Bangaru, Chloe Adrienna Talana, Wei Shi, Eun Sung Yang, Yi Zhang, Kwanyee Leung, Lingshu Wang, Linghang Peng, Jeff Skinner, Shanping Li, Nicholas C. Wu, Hejun Liu, Cherrelle Dacon, Thomas Moyer, Melanie Cohen, Ming Zhao, Frances Eun-Hyung Lee, Rona S. Weinberg, Iyadh Douagi, Robin Gross, Connie Schmaljohn, Amarendra Pegu, John R. Mascola, Michael Holbrook, David Nemazee, Thomas F. Rogers, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson, Peter D. Crompton, Joshua Tan
Summary: Research isolated 216 monoclonal antibodies from patients with COVID-19, with three potent antibodies neutralizing the Alpha and Beta variants of SARS-CoV-2. Bispecific antibodies designed through distinct mechanisms showed high efficacy in inhibiting virus infection, with one exhibiting over 100-fold higher potency than a monoclonal antibody cocktail and protecting against disease in hamster models.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Joshua Tan, Hyeseon Cho, Tossapol Pholcharee, Lais S. Pereira, Safiatou Doumbo, Didier Doumtabe, Barbara J. Flynn, Arne Schon, Sachie Kanatani, Samantha O. Aylor, David Oyen, Rachel Vistein, Lawrence Wang, Marlon Dillon, Jeff Skinner, Mary Peterson, Shanping Li, Azza H. Idris, Alvaro Molina-Cruz, Ming Zhao, Lisa Renee Olano, Patricia J. Lee, Alison Roth, Photini Sinnis, Carolina Barillas-Mury, Kassoum Kayentao, Aissata Ongoiba, Joseph R. Francica, Boubacar Traore, Ian A. Wilson, Robert A. Seder, Peter D. Crompton
Summary: This study demonstrates that circulating IgA plays a role in immunity to malaria, particularly in response to P. falciparum sporozoites. The research also identifies a specific target, the amino terminus of the circumsporozoite protein, for functional antibodies that reduce liver parasite burden.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Daisuke Araki, Jian Fei Fu, Heather Huntsman, Stefan Cordes, Fayaz Seifuddin, Luigi J. Alvarado, Patali S. Cheruku, Ayla Cash, Javier Traba, Yuesheng Li, Mehdi Pirooznia, Richard H. Smith, Andre Larochelle
Summary: Activation of NOTCH signaling using engineered DELTA-like ligand (DXI) under low oxygen tension culture conditions in human adult HSPCs can limit ER stress, increase the frequency of LTR-HSCs significantly, and help maintain undifferentiated phenotypes in cultured cells.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Oscar Echeagaray, Taeyong Kim, Alex Casillas, Megan Monsanto, Mark Sussman
Summary: Ex vivo expansion of cells is crucial in regenerative medicine to generate large populations for therapeutic use. The adaptation to culture conditions leads to increased transcriptome diversity and decreased population heterogeneity in cKit+ cardiac interstitial cells (cCICs). The transcriptional profiles of cells from different origins, such as neonatal versus adult tissue, show contrasting imprint of age influence on cell cycle, senescence, RNA transport, and ECM-receptor/fibrosis pathways.
Correction
Neurosciences
Hojae Lee, Jae Jin Lee, Na Young Park, Sandeep Kumar Dubey, Taeyong Kim, Kai Ruan, Su Bin Lim, Seong-Hyun Park, Shinwon Ha, Irina Kovlyagina, Kyung-tai Kim, Seongjun Kim, Yohan Oh, Hyesoo Kim, Sung-Ung Kang, Mi-Ryoung Song, Thomas E. Lloyd, Nicholas J. Maragakis, Young Bin Hong, Hyungjin Eoh, Gabsang Lee
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hojae Lee, Jae Jin Lee, Na Young Park, Sandeep Kumar Dubey, Taeyong Kim, Kai Ruan, Su Bin Lim, Seong-Hyun Park, Shinwon Ha, Irina Kovlyagina, Kyung-tai Kim, Seongjun Kim, Yohan Oh, Hyesoo Kim, Sung-Ung Kang, Mi-Ryoung Song, Thomas E. Lloyd, Nicholas J. Maragakis, Young Bin Hong, Hyungjin Eoh, Gabsang Lee
Summary: By comparing human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived spinal and ocular motor neurons, researchers identified low levels of a natural 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in ALS spinal motor neurons and found that analogs of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors can improve ALS phenotypes. Multi-omics analysis revealed shared metabolic perturbations in ALS spinal motor neurons, specifically dysregulation in lipid metabolism, which was confirmed through targeted metabolomics. These findings highlight a potential therapeutic target in lipid metabolism for ALS.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Hematology
David J. Young, Xing Fan, Emma M. Groarke, Bhavisha Patel, Ronan Desmond, Thomas Winkler, Andre Larochelle, Katherine R. Calvo, Neal S. Young, Cynthia E. Dunbar
Summary: EPAG treatment for aplastic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia can result in iron depletion over time. This study found that duration of EPAG exposure correlated with reduction in ferritin levels and showed faster iron clearance compared to historical responders. Baseline ferritin and duration of therapy were associated with risk of iron depletion, but did not affect treatment response or relapse risk.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Michael L. Lehmann, Joshua D. Samuels, Stacey L. Kigar, Chelsie N. Poffenberger, Madison L. Lotstein, Miles Herkenham
Summary: Immune surveillance of the brain is important, and chronic social defeat causes vascular disruptions. However, after recovery, CCR2+ monocytes enter the brain and restore vascular function and behavior.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jianyi Ding, Yongqin Li, Andre Larochelle
Summary: The ability to produce human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the laboratory holds great potential for cellular therapy of blood diseases. However, current differentiation protocols for generating HSCs from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) lack clinical relevance and result in limited engraftment and differentiation capabilities. This review discusses how intrinsic cues and extrinsic environmental inputs have been integrated into PSC differentiation protocols to enhance the emergence of definitive hematopoiesis, and explores the role of genomics in advancing this field.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yongqin Li, Jianyi Ding, Daisuke Araki, Jizhong Zou, Andre Larochelle
Summary: Researchers optimized the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by modulating specific signaling pathways, resulting in increased self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential.
Letter
Hematology
Araki Daisuk, Luigi J. Alvarado, Heather D. Huntsman, Richard H. Smith, Andre Larochelle
BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Hematology
Haydar Celik, Katherine E. Lindblad, Bogdan Popescu, Gege Gui, Meghali Goswami, Janet Valdez, Christin DeStefano, Catherine Lai, Julie Thompson, Jack Y. Ghannam, Giovanna Fantoni, Angelique Biancotto, Julian Candia, Foo Cheung, Gauthaman Sukumar, Clifton L. Dalgard, Richard H. Smith, Andre Larochelle, Laura W. Dillon, Christopher S. Hourigan