Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiao Luo, Jesper Qvist Thomassen, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
Summary: This study investigated the associations between neutrophil counts and nine cardiovascular endpoints using observational and genetic approaches. The results showed that high neutrophil counts were associated with an increased risk of all cardiovascular outcomes. Genetic studies also supported this finding. No robust associations were found for other types of leukocytes in the two-sample MR analysis.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Wei Yu, Iqra Ilyas, Xuerui Hu, Suowen Xu, Hui Yu
Summary: Paeoniflorin, a bioactive monomer extracted from P. lactiflora Pall., has shown anti-atherosclerosis effects by regulating inflammation and immune-related pathway dysfunction in vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and other cells. It has the potential to be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis and its complications.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Craig S. Miller, Richard J. Kryscio, Amy L. Doneen, Bradley F. Bale
Summary: This study observed a link between dental infection and circulating levels of inflammation, suggesting that oral infection could be a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Diez-Ricote, Paloma Ruiz-Valderrey, Victor Mico, Ruth Blanco, Joao Tome-Carneiro, Alberto Davalos, Jose M. Ordovas, Lidia Daimiel
Summary: Atherosclerosis is strongly influenced by lifestyle and can be regulated by the miR-17/92 cluster. TMAO, a metabolite of choline, betaine, and L-carnitine, has been associated with atherosclerosis. This study found that TMAO modulates the expression of the miR-17/92 cluster and increases the expression of target genes related to inflammation and blood clotting, potentially promoting atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Tarik Zahr, Longhua Liu, Michelle Chan, Qiuzhong Zhou, Bishuang Cai, Ying He, Nicole Aaron, Domenico Accili, Lei Sun, Li Qiang
Summary: This study found that PPARγ deacetylation prevents the development of aging-associated atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia. This protective effect may be achieved through suppression of inflammation and promotion of macrophage polarization.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Megan V. Perkins, Sarah B. Joseph, Dirk P. Dittmer, Nigel Mackman
Summary: HIV infection has transitioned from a fatal disease to a chronic one managed by antiretroviral therapy. However, long-term HIV infection is associated with chronic inflammation, which can lead to cardiovascular disease and thrombosis. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms driving inflammation in PLWH and develop better therapies to reduce chronic inflammation and improve overall mortality.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Daisy Vedder, Martijn Gerritsen, Michael T. Nurmohamed, Ronald F. van Vollenhoven, Christian Lood
Summary: The study revealed elevated levels of neutrophil activation markers, MPO and calprotectin, in gout patients compared to healthy controls. These markers were associated with various risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Furthermore, the presence of a neutrophil activation signature was strongly linked to an increased 10-year risk of cardiovascular mortality in these patients.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Linsey J. F. Peters, Alexander Jans, Matthias Bartneck, Emiel P. C. van der Vorst
Summary: Nanomedicine is an emerging field in medicine that utilizes nanoparticles as efficient drug carriers to repair, control, and monitor biological and physiological systems. In the context of cardiovascular diseases, nanomedicine can target cellular receptors or processes related to the disease, offering potential new possibilities for treatment. Clinical trials focusing on nanoparticles in cardiovascular diseases are ongoing, providing insights into this research area.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Hannah Hinkley, Daniel A. Counts, Elizabeth Voncanon, Michael Lacy
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of lipid-rich plaques within arterial walls. T cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in which they help orchestrate immune responses and contribute to plaque development and instability. This article discusses the recognition of atherosclerosis-related antigens that may trigger T cell activation and the roles of diverse subsets of T cells in atherosclerosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Subhapradha Rangarajan, Davit Orujyan, Patrida Rangchaikul, Mohamed M. Radwan
Summary: Recent research on resolving inflammation in the body is providing new insights for the management of cardiovascular diseases. This narrative review discusses the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, the discovery of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), and the potential impact on cardiovascular treatment options. Further research is expected to translate these findings into clinical trials for conditions with an inflammatory basis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leticia Gonzalez, Katherine Rivera, Marcelo E. Andia, Gonzalo Martinez Rodriguez
Summary: The IL-1 superfamily of cytokines, consisting of 11 cytokines and 10 receptors, is a crucial regulator of immunity and inflammation. It is tightly regulated through decoy receptor, receptor antagonists, and signaling inhibitors. Inflammation plays a central role in the development of atherosclerosis, and studies have shown the involvement of IL-1 cytokines and receptors in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helen Williams, Corinne D. Mack, Stephen C. H. Li, John P. Fletcher, Heather J. Medbury
Summary: Monocytes play a crucial role in cardiovascular disease by infiltrating vessel walls to form atherosclerotic plaques. Different subsets of monocytes, including intermediate and nonclassical, have been associated with CVD and changes in inflammatory markers. Dyslipidemia can impact monocyte proportion and function, with lipid lowering medication showing some effect in reversing these changes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Daniela Flores-Gomez, Siroon Bekkering, Mihai G. Netea, Niels P. Riksen
Summary: Atherosclerosis is characterized by persistent inflammation in the arterial wall, where trained immunity of the innate immune system may play a crucial role in its pathophysiology. This mechanism offers exciting novel pharmacological targets for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anouar Hafiane, Stella S. Daskalopoulou
Summary: Chronic subclinical inflammation plays a key role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. While lipid-lowering medications have been established as effective in prevention and treatment, the modulation of inflammation remains controversial. This review discusses novel therapeutic agents targeting inflammatory pathways and their potential to change preventive cardiology practices.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ki-Wook Kim, Stoyan Ivanov, Jesse W. Williams
Summary: Atherosclerotic lesions progress due to the recruitment and differentiation of circulating monocytes into macrophages within plaques, forming foam cells. Recent studies have used single-cell gene expression profiling to investigate the roles of macrophages and monocytes in inflammatory mechanisms, motility, and proliferation within lesions, but questions remain about tissue-specific regulation and the contribution of recruited monocytes during disease progression. Further research is needed to advance therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease based on these findings.
Article
Oncology
Maria C. E. Andersen, Malene W. Johansen, Thomas Nissen, Anders B. Nexoe, Gunvor I. Madsen, Grith L. Sorensen, Uffe Holmskov, Anders Schlosser, Jesper B. Moeller, Steffen Husby, Mathias Rathe
Summary: The study suggests that FIBCD1 may ameliorate chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity by reducing weight loss, but the mechanism of this potential protective effect requires further investigation.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lisa E. Dorn, William Lawrence, Jennifer M. Petrosino, Xianyao Xu, Thomas J. Hund, Bryan A. Whitson, Matthew S. Stratton, Paul M. L. Janssen, Peter J. Mohler, Anders Schlosser, Grith L. Sorensen, Federica Accornero
Summary: This study identified a novel role for nonmyocyte-derived MFAP4 in cardiac remodeling, playing a crucial role in cardiac adaptation to stress. Lack of MFAP4 resulted in increased cardiac hypertrophy, worsened cardiac function, and dysregulated G protein-coupled receptor and integrin signaling in the heart.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Christine Dalgard, Fang Wang, Ingrid Louise Titlestad, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Jorgen Vestbo, Grith Lykke Sorensen
Summary: The pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a key component of the innate immune system in the lungs and has been suggested as a marker for smoke-induced lung injury. Studies have shown a correlation between high serum SP-D levels and low lung function measurements in smokers and COPD patients. Longitudinal twin studies in Denmark have revealed that baseline serum SP-D levels can predict future decline in lung function in smokers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ann-Sophie Bech, Anders Bathum Nexoe, Magdalena Dubik, Jesper Bonnet Moeller, Grith Lykke Soerensen, Uffe Holmskov, Gunvor Iben Madsen, Steffen Husby, Mathias Rathe
Summary: The study investigated the role of Pglyrp2 in chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity in mice, finding that Pglyrp2 exacerbates weight loss induced by chemotherapy without inducing specific patterns of inflammation and morphological changes in the small intestine.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Benjamin Hoffmann-Petersen, Raymond Suffolk, Jens J. H. Petersen, Thomas H. Petersen, Charlotte Brasch-Andersen, Arne Host, Susanne Halken, Grith L. Sorensen, Lone Agertoft
Summary: This study found no association between serum surfactant protein D levels, common SP-D gene variants, and asthma in Danish adolescents and young adults with mild to moderate asthma. Serum surfactant protein D did not show value as a clinical biomarker for asthma.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reine Kanaan, Myrna Medlej-Hashim, Rania Jounblat, Bartosz Pilecki, Grith L. Sorensen
Summary: MFAP4 is an extracellular matrix protein involved in the assembly and maturation of elastic fibers. It binds to collagen, fibrillins, and tropoelastin, as well as RGD-dependent integrins, and plays a role in cellular behavior. It is suggested as a biomarker for various diseases including liver fibrosis, cardiovascular disorders, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lasse Jorgensen Cehofski, Anders Kruse, Alexander Norgaard Alsing, Benn Falch Sejergaard, Jonas Ellegaard Nielsen, Anders Schlosser, Grith Lykke Sorensen, Jakob Grauslund, Bent Honore, Henrik Vorum
Summary: This study investigated the proteomic changes in the retina following aflibercept intervention in a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) model. The findings showed that aflibercept mainly acted through VEGF receptor modulation, and several other proteins also exhibited changes. These results provide insights into the mechanism of action of aflibercept and are of clinical importance for cases with aflibercept-resistant macular edema secondary to CRVO.
Review
Cell Biology
Ali Mohammadi, Grith L. Sorensen, Bartosz Pilecki
Summary: MFAP4 is an important extracellular matrix protein with multiple biological functions, playing a key role in elastic fiber assembly, integrin signaling, and cancer. It plays a significant role in regulating tissue homeostasis and pathological conditions, and also has immune defense functions in fish.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lasse Jorgensen Cehofski, Anders Kruse, Mads Odgaard Maeng, Benn Falch Sejergaard, Anders Schlosser, Grith Lykke Sorensen, Jakob Grauslund, Bent Honore, Henrik Vorum
Summary: This study demonstrates the effective treatment of inflammatory response in CRVO using a DEX intravitreal implant. Upregulation of FKBP5 and ubiquilin-4 and downregulation of cell adhesion molecule 3, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 16, and trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase were observed following DEX intervention in CRVO.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bjork Khaliqi Sofiudottir, Stefan M. W. Harders, Philip Rask Lage-Hansen, Robin Christensen, Heidi Lausten Munk, Grith Lykke Sorensen, Jesper Romhild Davidsen, Torkell Ellingsen
Summary: Pulmonary diseases are significant in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aims to determine the diagnostic accuracy of thoracic ultrasound for interstitial lung disease (ILD) in RA patients and evaluate the accuracy of blood biomarkers in ILD detection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nanna Vestergaard, Lasse Jorgensen Cehofski, Alexander Norgard Alsing, Anders Kruse, Jonas Ellegaard Nielsen, Anders Schlosser, Grith Lykke Sorensen, Bent Honore, Henrik Vorum
Summary: This study found that retinal artery occlusion (RAO) results in the upregulation of multiple inflammatory proteins and the downregulation of proteins involved in visual pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Reine Kanaan, Cesar Yaghi, Carole Saade Riachy, Anders Schlosser, Aline Hamade, Uffe Holmskov, Myrna Medlej-Hashim, Grith Lykke Sorensen, Rania Jounblat
Summary: This study investigates the association between serum MFAP4 and liver fibrosis severity in NAFLD patients. The results show that MFAP4 levels increase with fibrosis severity and are highly upregulated in patients with cirrhosis. Furthermore, serum MFAP4 levels positively correlate with TE measurement and have a significant association with severely advanced fibrotic stage in NAFLD patients.
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
A. Finkielsztein, D. Panichi, T. Castillo-Hernandez, A. S. Watson, A. Schlosser, U. Holmskov, G. L. Sorensen, M. Kemp, J. Madsen, B. W. Kramer, H. C. Clark
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Correction
Rheumatology
S. F. Issa, H. M. Lindegaard, T. Lorenzen, K. Junker, A. F. Christensen, K. Horslev-Petersen, U. Holmskov, G. L. Sorensen, P. Junker
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Susanne Gjorup Saekmose, Rene Holst, Tine Lottenburger, Henriette Ytting, Hans Jorgen Nielsen, Peter Junker, Anders Schlosser, Grith Lykke Sorensen
Summary: The serum biomarker sMFAP4 shows circadian variation, with peak values at night for males and in the morning for females. Individual sMFAP4 levels remain stable over a 3-week period, while physical exercise has a mild negative influence on them. These variations, however, are of limited magnitude in comparison to previously observed disease-induced levels, supporting the biomarker potential of sMFAP4.
BIOMARKER INSIGHTS
(2021)