Article
Entomology
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed, Samy Sayed, Zhang Bo, Ahmed Raza, Chun-Sen Ma
Summary: This study found an association between the thermal tolerance of cereal aphids and the abundance of their bacterial symbionts. Aphid individuals with higher thermal tolerance had significantly higher gene abundance of bacterial symbionts. The gene abundance of total bacteria and most of the aphid-specific bacterial symbionts was positively associated with thermal tolerance values.
Article
Entomology
Sajjad Ali, Asif Sajjad, Qaiser Shakeel, M. Aslam Farooqi, M. Anjum Aqueel, Kaleem Tariq, Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Aamir Iqbal, Aftab Jamal, Muhammad Farhan Saeed, Barbara Manachini
Summary: Symbiotic bacteria play a key role in protecting insects, particularly aphids, against fungal pathogens, which can enhance their lifespan and reduce mortality. This symbiotic relationship has significant implications for the development and population of host insects.
Article
Agronomy
Daniela A. Sepulveda, Gonzalo Barrueto, Margarita C. G. Correa, Luis E. Castaneda, Christian C. Figueroa
Summary: The study shows that global warming currently does not significantly affect grain aphids outbreaks and their biological control in Chile, but emphasizes the importance of preemptive monitoring to detect aphids and their parasitoid wasps losing synchrony.
Article
Entomology
Xue-Jing Wang, Chun-Sen Ma
Summary: Laboratory insect rearing provides reliable insect samples for research, but current studies often overlook the potential rapid evolution of laboratory populations. This study compares the demography of laboratory and field populations and finds differences in their adaptability to different temperature conditions.
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Weiwei Li, Yang Wang, Coline C. Jaworski, Yumeng Cheng, Jin Miao, Julian Chen, Xiaoling Tan
Summary: Global warming affects pest populations and their distribution, leading to changes in interspecific interactions. Increased temperature results in increased competition and affects the distribution of aphids. Chemical content in plant tissues and environmental factors may explain the distribution of aphids across different plant parts.
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Entomology
Christoph Vorburger
Summary: Insect host-parasitoid interactions are common in nature and characterized by host specialization. Many host species rely on heritable bacterial endosymbionts for defense against parasitoids. These symbionts provide strong and specific resistance, potentially due to variation in symbiont-produced toxins. Defensive symbionts are thus important for diversifying selection and may alter host-parasitoid food web structures. Additionally, other defensive mutualisms may also exert diversifying selection on insect parasitoids.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaoru Wang, Weiwei Li, Jia Yan, Yi Wang, Xingyan Zhang, Xiaoling Tan, Julian Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of silicon fertilizer on wheat and Sitobion avenae populations. The results showed that silicon application had no significant impact on the nymphs of S. avenae, but 2 g/L silicon fertilizer prolonged the nymph stage, shortened the adult stage, and reduced the lifespan and fertility of the aphid. Additionally, silicon application decreased the selection ratio of winged aphids on wheat leaves. Therefore, silicon application at 2 g/L has inhibitory effects on the life parameters and feeding preference of S. avenae.
Article
Entomology
Haixia Zheng, Yi Yan, Guohua Wei, Austin Merchant, Yaxin Gu, Xuguo Zhou, Xun Zhu, Yunhui Zhang, Xiangrui Li
Summary: In this study, a key gene E75 associated with the ecdysone signal pathway was identified and cloned from the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae. Functional characterization of E75 confirmed its role in the regulation of aphid growth, development, and molting process. This finding offers a potential molecular target for genetic-based biopesticides development for aphid control.
Article
Entomology
Yi Wang, Jia Yan, Jingrui Sun, Wangpeng Shi, James D. Harwood, Lucie S. Monticelli, Xiaoling Tan, Julian Chen
Summary: Climate warming affects crop and herbivorous insect pests in agricultural ecosystems; experimental results showed that under warming treatment, the population of Sitobion avenae significantly increased, influenced by enzymatic activity and gene expression related to the photosynthetic pathway and salicylic acid pathway.
ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALIS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yidi Zhan, Lei Zhao, Xiaojing Zhao, Jiahui Liu, Frederic Francis, Yong Liu
Summary: The octoploid Trititrigia plants accumulate linalool monoterpene in response to S. avenae infestation and confer resistance to the aphids through the resistance gene OtLIS, which encodes a terpene synthase for linalool emission before and after aphid feeding.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Qian Li, JingXuan Sun, YaoGuo Qin, Jia Fan, Yong Zhang, XiaoLing Tan, MaoLin Hou, JuLian Chen
Summary: Research found that infection with H. defensa decreased aphid susceptibility to certain insecticides at low concentrations, potentially by enhancing detoxification enzyme activity in the host.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Xiangrui Li, Xinan Li, Weiwei Yan, Brad Coates, Xuguo Zhou, Chao Wang, Gao Haifeng, Yunhui Zhang, Xun Zhu
Summary: This research evaluates reference genes for wing development in the English grain aphid and recommends suitable genes for different conditions. It is important for studying wing polyphenism in aphids and for future experiments using RT-qPCR to control aphids with novel tactics.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peipan Gong, Xinan Li, Haifeng Gao, Chao Wang, Mengyi Li, Yunhui Zhang, Xiangrui Li, Enliang Liu, Xun Zhu
Summary: The study showed that Rhopalosiphum padi is more sensitive to insecticides compared to Sitobion avenae. Some aphid populations displayed high resistance to certain insecticides, while most populations had low resistance to neonicotinoids. Positive correlations were found between resistance to beta-cypermethrin and bifenthrin, as well as between bifenthrin and omethoate for the two aphid species. Similarly, significant correlations were detected between resistance to beta-cypermethrin and avermectin for Rhopalosiphum padi.
Article
Entomology
Ke-Xin Zhang, Hong-Yan Li, Peter Quandahor, Yu-Ping Gou, Chun-Chun Li, Qiang-Yan Zhang, Inzamam Ul Haq, Yue Ma, Chang-Zhong Liu
Summary: This study investigated the resistance of six wheat varieties to Sitobion avenae and the accumulation of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Yongliang No.15 and Ganchun No.18 showed high resistance against S. avenae. The accumulation of total phenolic and flavonoid content was positively correlated with developmental duration and negatively correlated with weight gain and mean relative growth rate. The correlation between flavonoid and biological parameters was stronger than the correlation between total phenolic and biological parameters. These findings provide important insights for screening and improving aphid-resistant wheat varieties and contribute to our understanding of the resistance mechanism of wheat varieties against S. avenae.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinlun Liu, Xudan Kou, Shichao Bai, Yufeng Luo, Zhenyu Wang, Lincai Xie, Pingchuan Deng, Hong Zhang, Changyou Wang, Yajuan Wang, Jixin Zhao, Wanquan Ji
Summary: This study investigated the high resistance of the tetraploid wheat variety Lanmai to the grain aphid at both the seedling and adult plant stages, and identified potential candidate defense genes using suppression subtractive hybridization. Molecular analysis revealed the differential expression of genes related to photosynthesis, salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid pathways in Lanmai during aphid infestation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. Mashaly, A. Mahmouda, H. Ebaid, R. Sammoue
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Annette Pfordt, Simon Schiwek, Anna Rathgeb, Charlotte Rodemann, Nele Bollmann, Matthias Buchholz, Petr Karlovsky, Andreas von Tiedemann
Article
Microbiology
Elias Alisaac, Anna Rathgeb, Petr Karlovsky, Anne-Katrin Mahlein
Summary: The study found that F. graminearum grows downward within infected wheat spikes and DON accumulation is largely confined to the colonized tissue. Additionally, F. graminearum was able to infect wheat kernels and cause mycotoxin contamination even when inoculated 25 days after anthesis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mebeaselassie Andargie, Maria Vinas, Anna Rathgeb, Evelyn Moeller, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: This article reviews the characteristics and transformation pathways of lignans in sesame, including their biosynthesis processes and effects in plants. Studies have found lignans to be beneficial for health, with properties that promote health and enhance the efficacy of insecticides, but the specific biological functions in plants still need further research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas Beule, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: Tree rows in temperate agroforestry systems increase soil bacterial abundance, while their diversity remains largely unaffected. Bacterial communities in tree rows differ from those in arable land, showing an introduction of a tree row-associated microbiome.
Article
Microbiology
Lukas Beule, Markus Arndt, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: Plant production systems that are more sustainable than conventional monoculture croplands are the vision of future agriculture, with agroforestry being among the most promising alternatives. This study assessed the composition and diversity of the soil fungal community in temperate poplar-based alley cropping and monoculture cropland systems, highlighting the importance of absolute quantification to supplement amplicon sequencing-based frequency data. Tree rows strongly influenced the soil fungal community, promoting ectomycorrhiza and enhancing nutrient acquisition, suggesting that a combination of relative and absolute abundances is necessary for a comprehensive assessment of population size and dynamics.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Tristan Hampe, Andreas Wiessner, Holm Frauendorf, Mohammad Alhussein, Petr Karlovsky, Ralf Buergers, Sebastian Krohn
Summary: The study found that both traditional and BPA-free temporary crown and bridge materials did not release detectable levels of Bis-GMA or BPA, but did contain TEGDMA and/or UDMA after 24 hours of incubation. BPA-free materials released significantly more UDMA than traditional materials, with some materials having potentially harmful levels of UDMA for local cells. Further investigation into substituting Bis-GMA with UDMA is recommended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Li Liu, Christoph Sasse, Benedict Dirnberger, Oliver Valerius, Eniko Fekete-Szuecs, Rebekka Harting, Daniela E. Nordzieke, Stefanie Poeggeler, Petr Karlovsky, Jennifer Gerke, Gerhard H. Braus
Summary: The study shows that fungal Hulle cells play a crucial role in regulating development and secondary metabolism of Aspergillus nidulans, accumulating metabolites with antifeedant activity to protect reproductive structures from animal predators.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lukas Beule, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: The study revealed that the composition of soil fungal communities responds rapidly to the integration of trees into arable land through agroforestry, while the fungal biomass is not affected during the first one and a half years after planting the trees. The fungal communities in the tree row significantly diverge with the age of the system.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vitor Heidrich, Petr Karlovsky, Lukas Beule
Summary: Various ecological data types, especially microbiome count data, are typically normalized sample-wise before analysis to address sampling bias and technical artifacts. A new algorithm called 'scaling with ranked subsampling (SRS)' has been developed, outperforming the commonly used 'rarefying' method in reproducibility and preserving the original community structure. The SRS algorithm has been implemented in the 'SRS' R package and 'q2-srs' QIIME 2 plugin, along with additional functions for dataset exploration to aid parameter selection for SRS.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Petr Karlovsky
Summary: The study focuses on special cases of Diophantine equations and provides new parametric solutions. There are exactly two solutions for n = 2 when F is a prime. There are upper and lower bounds for the sum of solutions, and equations are solvable under certain conditions.
Review
Polymer Science
Tristan Hampe, Andreas Wiessner, Holm Frauendorf, Mohammad Alhussein, Petr Karlovsky, Ralf Buergers, Sebastian Krohn
Summary: Dental resins have been widely applied in dentistry, but they may release toxic substances in the oral environment, causing public concern. However, the heterogeneous study design in current research hinders effective biocompatibility testing. Therefore, a reliable experimental and analytical setup is necessary to assess patient exposure and health risks.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Simon Schiwek, Mohammad Alhussein, Charlotte Rodemann, Tuvshinjargal Budragchaa, Lukas Beule, Andreas von Tiedemann, Petr Karlovsky
Summary: Fusarium culmorum, a major pathogen of grain crops, was found to produce a new trichothecene toxin, NX-2, along with other mycotoxins. This discovery is significant in understanding the toxin production in F. culmorum.
Article
Biology
Yedomon Ange Bovys Zoclanclounon, Michael Rostas, Nam-Jin Chung, Youngjun Mo, Petr Karlovsky, Komivi Dossa
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive investigation of peroxidase and laccase genes in the emerging oil crop sesame. Potential (+)-pinoresinol synthase genes were identified and their expression patterns matched the accumulation of (+)-pinoresinol in seeds. These findings have wide potential applications in food, health, and medicinal domains.
Review
Medicine, Legal
Ashraf Mashaly, Abdelwahab Ibrahim
Summary: This article reviews the research of forensic entomology in Egypt and identifies research needs. It also highlights important forensic insects that can be used in criminal prosecutions.
EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
(2022)
