Article
Immunology
Ian Shannon, Chantelle L. White, Hongmei Yang, Jennifer L. Nayak
Summary: This study compared influenza-specific CD4 T-cell responses in children who were either acutely infected with influenza or vaccinated with IIV. The results showed that infection primed a stronger CD4 T-cell response specific for the infecting HA and NP proteins, with more robust NP-specific immunity persisting through year 2.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Esther Dawen Yu, Alba Grifoni, Aaron Sutherland, Hannah Voic, Eric Wang, April Frazier, Natalia Jimenez-Truque, Sandra Yoder, Sabrina Welsh, Stacey Wooden, Wayne Koff, Buddy Creech, Alessandro Sette, Ricardo da Silva Antunes
Summary: The study found that the Flucelvax (R) quadrivalent influenza vaccine has a significant impact on T cell immunity, with increased CD4 and CD8 cell responses to different influenza antigens post-vaccination, maintaining a Th1 polarized profile. No vaccine interference was detected, with balanced responses across all four included viral strains for both CD4 and CD8 T cells targeting HA and multiple additional viral antigens.
Article
Virology
Miaojuan Huang, Rong Xu, Cristina Triffon, Nicole Mifsud, Weisan Chen
Summary: This study reveals a broad CD8(+) T cell response in a healthy individual to IAV infection, contrary to the typical immunodominance hierarchy. Through systematic antigen screening and epitope prediction, novel minimal epitope sequences for nine IAV proteins were identified, restricted to specific HLA alleles. These novel epitopes are highly conserved among different IAV strains and geographic locations.
Article
Immunology
Mikel J. Ruterbusch, Brian D. Hondowicz, Kennidy K. Takehara, Kurt B. Pruner, Thomas S. Griffith, Marion Pepper
Summary: CD4(+) lung-resident memory T cells generated in response to influenza infection can be altered by subsequent exposure to allergens, leading to changes in their function and impact on disease outcomes upon reinfection.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ruben C. Hoogeveen, Suzan Dijkstra, Lea M. Bartsch, Hannah K. Drescher, Jasneet Aneja, Maxwell P. Robidoux, James A. Cheney, Joerg Timm, Adam Gehring, Paulo Sergio Fonseca de Sousa, Lya Ximenez, Luis Baiao Peliganga, Anita Pitts, Fiona B. Evans, Andre Boonstra, Arthur Y. Kim, Lia L. Lewis-Ximenez, Georg M. Lauer
Summary: This study compares HBV-specific T cell responses in patients with different degrees of viral control and finds that functional cure is associated with higher frequencies of functional HBV-specific CD4 memory T cell responses.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Hangjie Zhang, Wenling Xiao, Min Zhao, Yingze Zhao, Yongli Zhang, Dan Lu, Shuangshuang Lu, Qingxu Zhang, Weiyu Peng, Liumei Shu, Jie Zhang, Sai Liu, Kexin Zong, Pengyan Wang, Beiwei Ye, Shihua Li, Shuguang Tan, Fuping Zhang, Jianfang Zhou, Peipei Liu, Guizhen Wu, Xuancheng Lu, George F. Gao, William J. Liu
Summary: The study identified differences in the CD8+ and CD4+ T cell immunogenicity of ZIKV proteins among different murine alleles.
Article
Immunology
Qiao Liu, Lisha Wang, Huayu Lin, Zhiming Wang, Jialin Wu, Junyi Guo, Shuqiong Wen, Ling Ran, Zhengliang Yue, Xingxing Su, Qing Wu, Jianfang Tang, Zhirong Li, Li Hu, Lifan Xu, Lilin Ye, Qizhao Huang
Summary: Cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells are the main focus of anti-tumor immunity and immunotherapy research, but transferred tumor-specific CD8(+) T cells have limited effect on suppressing tumor growth. On the other hand, CD4(+) T cells play an important role in curtailing tumor metastasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Carolyn Rydyznski Moderbacher, Christina Kim, Jose Mateus, Joyce Plested, Mingzhu Zhu, Shane Cloney-Clark, Daniela Weiskopf, Alessandro Sette, Louis Fries, Gregory Glenn, Shane Crotty
Summary: NVX-CoV2373 vaccine induces CD4(+) and CD8+ T cell responses, and the production of CD4(+) T cells is correlated with the generation of neutralizing antibodies. This suggests that robust CD4(+) T cell generation may be a key characteristic of NVX-CoV2373 in supporting humoral immune responses.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Sjoerd H. van der Burg
Summary: CD4(+) T helper 1 (Th1) cells play a key role in tumor immunity by producing effector cytokines, but IL11 can suppress the effector mechanisms of these cells, fostering tumor outgrowth.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sarah Begue, Gwenn Waerlop, Bruno Salaun, Michel Janssens, Duncan Bellamy, Rebecca Jane Cox, Richard Davies, Elena Gianchecchi, Donata Medaglini, Emanuele Montomoli, Elena Pettini, Geert Leroux-Roels, Frederic Clement, Anke Pagnon
Summary: This study describes the development of a consensus protocol to reduce inter-laboratory variability in measuring influenza-specific T cell responses. The protocol allows for quantitative and qualitative evaluation of vaccine-induced T cell responses, facilitating comparisons of different influenza vaccines and potential assessments of protection correlates.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Christos Batatolis, Konstantina Karatrantou, Vaggelis Gymnopoulos, Vassilis Gerodimos
Summary: The study examined the effect of sex on cervical strength, range of motion, and musculoskeletal pain in young physically active individuals. It found that males had higher absolute strength and females had higher range of motion in certain directions. Cervical strength was negatively correlated with pain.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qian Yin, Wei Luo, Vamsee Mallajosyula, Yang Bo, Jing Guo, Jinghang Xie, Meng Sun, Rohit Verma, Chunfeng Li, Christian M. M. Constantz, Lisa E. E. Wagar, Jing Li, Elsa Sola, Neha Gupta, Chunlin Wang, Oliver Kask, Xin Chen, Xue Yuan, Nicholas C. C. Wu, Jianghong Rao, Yueh-hsiu Chien, Jianjun Cheng, Bali Pulendran, Mark M. M. Davis
Summary: This study uses a nanoparticle-based adjuvant to enhance immune responses against multiple variants of influenza and SARS-CoV-2, generating cross-reactive antibodies for both dominant and subdominant epitopes. The adjuvant shows promising implications for developing broadly protective vaccines, as it improves lymph node targeting, activates immune cells, and leads to broad immune responses. The adjuvanted vaccines successfully protect mice against viral challenges of different strains and enhance antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccines against multiple viral variants.
Article
Immunology
Danica F. Besavilla, Laura Reusch, Josue Enriquez, Karin Schon, Davide Angeletti
Summary: This study reveals the impact of CD4+ T cells on B cell and antibody responses during influenza virus infection, showing that they promote the generation of nucleoprotein-specific B cells and antibodies. However, pre-existing CD4+ T cells do not increase the frequency of antigen-specific germinal center and memory B cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Juliane Schuhmacher, Leon Kleemann, Jennifer Rebecca Richardson, Elisa Rusch, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Cecile Gouttefangeas
Summary: Elongated peptides (EPs) are widely used for screening immune cell responses, and this study presents an in vitro protocol for their amplification and functional analysis. It was found that the elongation site of EPs affected the response of CD8(+) T cells, while CD4(+) T cell responses were completely lost in some tests. However, the use of short-term amplification and a TLR3 agonist significantly improved the detection of both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell reactivities.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Priyadharshini Devarajan, Allen M. Vong, Catherine H. Castonguay, Olivia Kugler-Umana, Bianca L. Bautista, Michael C. Jones, Karen A. Kelly, Jingya Xia, Susan L. Swain
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms that drive the T follicular helper cell (T-FH) response during influenza infection. The results suggest that infection and antigen presentation at the effector phase are essential for the differentiation of CD4 effectors into T-FH and GC-T-FH. Additionally, concurrent signals from infection are necessary for T-FH development. Providing these signals with a second dose of live attenuated influenza vaccine at the effector phase can drive T-FH development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)