Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yi-Hsuan Wu, Hsi-Lung Hsieh
Summary: The heme oxygenase system, particularly HO-1 and HO-2, plays an important role in the nervous system. Dysregulation of HO-1 is associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sukanya Bhunia, Nagesh Kolishetti, Adriana Yndart Arias, Arti Vashist, Madhavan Nair
Summary: Despite challenges in finding a cure for neurodegenerative diseases, phytocannabinoids from cannabis, especially CBD, have emerged as potential neurotherapeutics due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds have shown promise in protecting the nervous system from inflammation and oxidative stress, particularly in diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hilda Martinez-Coria, Isabel Arrieta-Cruz, Roger Gutierrez-Juarez, Hector Eduardo Lopez-Valdes
Summary: Aging leads to reduced homeostasis, increased risk of brain diseases, and death. Chronic inflammation, increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and inflammatory markers are key characteristics of aging. Several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are associated with aging. Flavonoids, commonly found in plant-based foods, have been studied for their anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in animal models of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases. However, evidence from human studies is limited. This review highlights the potential of individual natural molecules to modulate neuroinflammation and discusses future research directions for developing new therapeutic agents.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Afroz Ahmad, Ozaifa Kareem, Mohammad Khushtar, Md Akbar, Md Rafiul Haque, Ashif Iqubal, Md Faheem Haider, Faheem Hyder Pottoo, Fatima S. Abdulla, Mahia B. Al-Haidar, Noora Alhajri
Summary: Dementia is a neurodegenerative disease whose pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood. Inflammatory processes in the brain have been shown to contribute to the development of dementia. Microglial cells, which are part of the brain's immune defense system, play a crucial role in detecting and responding to harmful pathogens. They release proinflammatory chemicals to trigger neuroinflammatory responses and protect the cell's microenvironment. Prolonged inflammation caused by microglial cells has been implicated in the promotion of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Joseph D. Quick, Cristian Silva, Jia Hui Wong, Kah Leong Lim, Richard Reynolds, Anna M. Barron, Jialiu Zeng, Chih Hung Lo
Summary: Microglia are innate immune cells in the brain that play a crucial role in immune responses and defense in the central nervous system. They are responsible for phagocytic and autophagic clearance of waste and toxic proteins, relying on lysosomal acidification. Impaired lysosomal acidification in microglia leads to dysfunction and neurodegeneration, while reacidification can reverse neurodegenerative pathology.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shenrui Guo, Hui Wang, Yafu Yin
Summary: Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a common feature of neurodegenerative diseases, and microglia can be categorized into M1 and M2 types with opposite functions. Modulating microglia M1/M2 polarization shows promising therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Menbere Y. Wendimu, Shelley B. Hooks
Summary: Neuroinflammation plays a fundamental role in neurodegenerative diseases, and microglia, as the immune guardians of the central nervous system, are central drivers of this inflammation. Microglia exhibit complex and often contradictory activation patterns in different pathological states, playing both detrimental and protective roles.
Article
Neurosciences
Noemi Sola-Sevilla, Alberto Mesa-Lombardo, Mikel Aleixo, Sara Exposito, Teresa Diaz-Perdigon, Amaya Azqueta, Farzad Zamani, Takayoshi Suzuki, Silvia Maioli, Francesca Eroli, Anna Matton, Maria J. Ramirez, Maite Solas, Rosa M. Tordera, Eduardo D. Martin, Elena Puerta
Summary: SIRT2 has been proposed to play a central role in various diseases, but its specific function remains controversial. Recent studies suggest that SIRT2 inhibition may be a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. However, the inhibition of SIRT2 at the periphery may have adverse side effects, such as increased systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Jesus Friedli, Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
Summary: The neuroprotective effects of HupA on AD were summarized, focusing on its interactions with different molecular signaling avenues such as Wnt signaling, synaptic region mechanisms, amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) accumulation, and mitochondrial protection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yousra El Ouaamari, Jasper van den Bos, Barbara Willekens, Nathalie Cools, Inez Wens
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, are characterized by progressive loss of neuronal subtypes. Research on neurotrophic factors (NTFs) as regenerative therapy for these diseases has shown promising results. However, challenges such as delivery methods, blood-brain barrier permeability, and side effects need to be addressed. In addition, combination therapies may be necessary for effective treatment of complex degenerative disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Russo, Maria Stella Valle, Antonella Russo, Lucia Malaguarnera
Summary: Numerous studies have shown that microglia play a role in promoting inflammatory processes within the central nervous system by producing chemokines. These cells share similarities with macrophages, suggesting they are involved in innate immune responses in the brain. Neuroinflammation leads to changes in neuro-metabolism and increased energy consumption. Recent research has focused on the role of Ghre signaling in microglia activity and its impact on neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding this role could provide strategies to downregulate neuroinflammation and reduce negative neurological outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdur Rauf, Himani Badoni, Tareq Abu-Izneid, Ahmed Olatunde, Md Mominur Rahman, Sakshi Painuli, Prabhakar Semwal, Polrat Wilairatana, Mohammad S. Mubarak
Summary: Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and the release of neuroinflammatory markers can lead to the development of various neuronal disorders. Identifying these markers can assist in early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Skrzypczak-Wiercioch, Kinga Salat
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of inflammation in the field of medicine, focusing on neuroinflammation and its association with exposure to LPS, as well as various in vivo LPS models utilized in neuroscience.
Review
Immunology
Austin P. Passaro, Abraham L. Lebos, Yao Yao, Steven L. Stice
Summary: Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in neurological disorders, with recent recognition of the importance of interactions between central and peripheral immune cells. Traditional approaches often separate these systems, but there is significant crosstalk between central and peripheral immune cells in the context of neurological disorders. Targeting these interactions may offer a potential improved therapeutic strategy for addressing failures in clinical translation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Elena Possemato, Livia La Barbera, Annalisa Nobili, Paraskevi Krashia, Marcello D'Amelio
Summary: Neuroinflammation in the CNS is an innate immune response involving microglia and astrocytes to counteract insults. The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in the neuroinflammatory response, and its persistent activation is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like PD and AD. The neurotransmitter dopamine negatively modulates NLRP3 activation, and understanding the relationship between dopamine, glial receptors, and neuroinflammation can lead to novel diagnostic strategies and therapeutic approaches.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tyler Joseph Wenzel, Andis Klegeris
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tyler J. Wenzel, Ekta Bajwa, Andis Klegeris
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2019)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gunnar R. Leitner, Tyler J. Wenzel, Nick Marshall, Ellen J. Gates, Andis Klegeris
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2019)
Review
Neurosciences
Tyler J. Wenzel, Evan Kwong, Ekta Bajwa, Andis Klegeris
CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler J. Wenzel, Ellen J. Gates, Athena L. Ranger, Andis Klegeris
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Tyler J. Wenzel, Athena L. Ranger, Seamus A. McRae, Andis Klegeris
Summary: The study found that extracellular cardiolipin can affect the secretion and phagocytosis of microglia, with Toll-like receptor 4 mediating the latter effect. Under conditions of cell death, extracellularly released cardiolipin may regulate the immune responses of microglia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jessica R. Lowry, Nick Marshall, Tyler J. Wenzel, Taryn E. Murray, Andis Klegeris
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tyler J. Wenzel, Natasha Haskey, Evan Kwong, Bridget K. Greuel, Ellen J. Gates, Deanna L. Gibson, Andis Klegeris
Summary: Specific diets can regulate neuroimmune responses and modify the risk of inflammatory bowel diseases. This study found that adjusting dietary fatty acid composition can modulate neuroimmune responses in a mouse model of colitis. Specifically, the cytokine IL-2 may play a role in the link between diet and neuroimmune disorders.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Taryn E. Murray, Tyler J. Wenzel, Svetlana Simtchouk, Bridget K. Greuel, Julien Gibon, Andis Klegeris
Summary: The study reveals that cardiolipin (CL) can modulate the secretion and phagocytic activity of astrocytes, potentially through interaction with TLR 4, expanding our understanding of CL's role in neuroimmune responses.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tyler J. Wenzel, Jennifer Le, Jim He, Jane Alcorn, Darrell D. Mousseau
Summary: Brain organoids have the potential to improve clinical translation while reducing the use of experimental animals. They provide a more appropriate bridge between in vitro and in vivo studies compared to monocultures. Glia, the non-neuronal brain cells, require signals from and contact with other cell types, which contributes to differences between monoculture-derived data and data from brain organoids and two-dimensional co-cultures. Additionally, brain organoids offer the opportunity to study transcriptomic differences between humans and mice in aging and Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler J. Wenzel, Taryn E. Murray, Benjamin Noyovitz, Kamal Narayana, Taylor E. Gray, Jennifer Le, Jim He, Svetlana Simtchouk, Julien Gibon, Jane Alcorn, Darrell D. Mousseau, Wesley F. Zandberg, Andis Klegeris
Summary: Cardiolipin released from glial cells enhances the endocytosis of amyloid-beta (A beta) and its reduced levels may contribute to the extracellular accumulation of A beta in aging and Alzheimer's disease. This study identified 31 different species of cardiolipin released from microglial cells and demonstrated that A beta 42 accelerates this process. Extracellular cardiolipin upregulates the internalization of A beta 42 by astrocytes and microglia, as well as human iPSCs-derived microglia and brain organoids. These findings suggest the importance of cardiolipin in regulating A beta uptake by glial cells and its potential role in Alzheimer's disease.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tyler J. Wenzel, Jennifer Le, Ryan Heistad, Jane Alcorn, Darrell D. Mousseau
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
TJ Wenzel, JE Thurston
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2000)
