Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku, Kok-Lun Pang, Kok-Yong Chih
Summary: Caffeic acid, a metabolite of hydroxycinnamate and phenylpropanoid, acts as an antioxidant to reduce osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. However, in some cases, it may have no effect on bone resorption or even impair bone mechanical properties in normal rats.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhongxiang Wang, Jiaqi Wu, Lijun Li, Kanbin Wang, Xiaoyong Wu, Hongyu Chen, Jiujun Shi, Chengwei Zhou, Weijun Zhang, Kai Hang, Deting Xue, Zhijun Pan
Summary: This study found that EPA can promote osteoblast differentiation and regulate the balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts in an inflammatory environment, thereby preventing osteoporosis. The results show that EPA can inhibit the activation of the NF-kB pathway induced by TNF-a, reduce the expression of RANKL, and inhibit osteoclastogenesis. In addition, the effectiveness of EPA in preventing osteoporosis was also confirmed in an animal model.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhihai Cao, Yuan Xue, Jiaqian Wang
Summary: Osteoporosis is caused by decreased bone formation and increased bone absorption, with ferroptosis playing a key role. Ferroptosis may inhibit bone formation and promote bone absorption through oxidative stress, leading to osteoporosis.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shenglei Yang, Yuying Sun, Leonid Kapilevich, Xin'an Zhang, Yue Huang
Summary: Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disorder that primarily affects the elderly and postmenopausal women. Drug therapy is currently used as the main treatment, but long-term use can lead to drug resistance and side effects. Therefore, researchers are exploring natural plant compounds as an alternative. Curcumin, a natural phenolic compound, has shown potential as a candidate for treating osteoporosis due to its various pharmacological and biological activities. This review summarizes the mechanisms and therapeutic applications of curcumin in preventing and mitigating osteoporosis, providing valuable references for further research and development of curcumin.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kangtao Jin, Lin Zheng, Lin Ye, Ziang Xie, Jiawei Gao, Chao Lou, Wenzheng Pan, Bin Pan, Shijie Liu, Zhenzhong Chen, Dengwei He
Summary: The study demonstrates that CSB6B suppresses osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption while enhancing osteoblast mineralization by inhibiting the NF-KB pathway and promoting Runx expression. In murine models, CSB6B has shown protective effects against pathological bone destruction and bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency. MIF inhibition by CSB6B could be a potential therapeutic approach for osteolytic bone disorders and osteoporosis.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Liu, Yining Li, Ren Sheng, Xiaowan Han, Li Bao, Chenyin Wang, Weizhi Wang, Xinhai Jiang, Jiangxue Han, Lijuan Lei, Ni Li, Jing Zhang, Minghua Chen, Yan Li, Yexiang Wu, Shunwang Li, Yu Ren, Yanni Xu, Shuyi Si
Summary: The study demonstrated that the N-methylpyridine-chlorofuranformamide analog 3i1 shows promise in upregulating OPG activity, inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, and promoting osteoblast differentiation, potentially serving as a new therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Wei Zhang, Xingzhi Zhou, Weiduo Hou, Erman Chen, Chenyi Ye, Mo Chen, Qian Lu, Xiaohua Yu, Weixu Li
Summary: In this study, a molecular therapeutic strategy mediated by a SIRT-1 agonist was reported to reverse the imbalance in bone homeostasis by regulating osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis simultaneously. The sustained release of SRT2104 from mineral coated acellular matrix microparticles effectively enhanced osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, while attenuating the formation and function of excessive osteoclasts by integrating multiple vital upstream signals. Animal models also demonstrated the accelerated healing and improved osseointegration of osteoporotic bone defects.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stephen J. Keely, Andreacarola Urso, Alexandr Ilyaskin, Christoph Korbmacher, Nigel W. Bunnett, Daniel P. Poole, Simona E. Carbone
Summary: Bile acids play important regulatory roles in intestinal motility and electrolyte transport. Advances in studying their receptors, transporters, and ion channels have provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in these processes. Recognizing bile acids and their modulated ion channels as potential targets could lead to new approaches for treating gastrointestinal disorders.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yonggang Ma, Di Ran, Ying Cao, Hongyan Zhao, Ruilong Song, Hui Zou, Jianhong Gu, Yan Yuan, Jianchun Bian, Jiaqiao Zhu, Zongping Liu
Summary: Long-term exposure to cadmium inhibits osteogenesis of bone marrow stem cells and differentiation of bone marrow macrophages, leading to osteoporosis. P2X7 plays a crucial role in this process, with its deletion or overexpression affecting bone cell differentiation. Short-term exposure to cadmium inhibits bone formation, increases osteoclast numbers, but does not result in osteoporosis.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chenyu Zhu, Shiwei Shen, Shihua Zhang, Mei Huang, Lan Zhang, Xi Chen
Summary: Bone homeostasis is regulated by autophagy, which plays a critical role in the differentiation, apoptosis, and survival of bone cells. Oxidative stress induces autophagy as a protective response against cell damage. Understanding how autophagy regulates bone formation and bone resorption provides insights for potential therapeutic targets in osteoporosis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pan Sun, Tingrui Huang, Chen Huang, Yongjun Wang, Dezhi Tang
Summary: Osteoporosis is a degenerative bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass and damage to bone microarchitecture, leading to increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures. The risk of osteoporosis increases with age, and it is becoming more prevalent due to the aging global population. Histone modifications play an important role in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis, and targeting these modifications to promote bone formation may be an effective treatment strategy.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sumin Lee, Jae-Hyun Kim, Minsun Kim, Sooyeon Hong, Hoyeon Park, Eom Ji Kim, Eun-Young Kim, Chungho Lee, Youngjoo Sohn, Hyuk Sang Jung, Jose Luis Perez-Castrillon
Summary: This study investigated the potential of a natural compound called daucosterol (DC) as a treatment for osteoporosis. The results showed that DC effectively inhibited osteoclast differentiation, promoted osteoblast activity, and prevented bone density loss caused by LPS. These findings suggest that DC may be a new therapeutic alternative for osteoporosis patients in the future.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yi-Fan Guo, Tian Su, Mi Yang, Chang-jun Li, Qi Guo, Ye Xiao, Yan Huang, Ya Liu, Xiang-Hang Luo
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial intracellular process that recovers nutrients and energy, serving as an anti-aging mechanism. It plays a significant role in cellular homeostasis and is essential in the pathogenesis of bone diseases.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yoon-Hee Cheon, Chang Hoon Lee, Soojin Kim, Gyeong Do Park, Sung Chul Kwak, Hae Joong Cho, Ju-Young Kim, Myeung Su Lee
Summary: Pitavastatin shows potential as a candidate for treating osteoporosis by enhancing osteoblast differentiation and bone growth, as well as inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Its mechanisms include inhibiting signaling pathways and downregulating transcription factors to regulate osteoclast activity, and stimulating osteoblast differentiation and mineralization to promote bone formation.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meng Chen, Wenyu Fu, Huiyun Xu, Chuan-ju Liu
Summary: Glucocorticoid (GC) is commonly used to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, but its high doses and long-term usage can lead to adverse effects, especially glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). Excessive GCs have harmful effects on bone cells, inhibiting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, enhancing osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis, and promoting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. GCs also disrupt the secretion of bone cells, affecting the process of osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis.
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Xin Gao, Lin Li, Xiaopan Cai, Quan Huang, Jianru Xiao, Yiyun Cheng
Summary: This review focuses on the principles and methods in the design of targeted nanoparticles for the diagnosis and therapy of orthotopic and metastatic bone tumors. Various ligands have been grafted on nanoparticles for bone targeting, and different targeting strategies using monoclonal antibodies, peptides, and aptamers have been explored for diagnosis and therapy. The development of multifunctional nanoparticles to disrupt the vicious cycle between tumor cell proliferation and bone resorption, as well as the challenges and perspectives in this area, are also discussed.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fanhua Wang, Lu Ma, Yi Ding, Liang He, Mingzhi Chang, Yingquan Shan, Stefan Siwko, Geng Chen, Yuwei Liu, Yunyun Jin, Xiaochun Peng, Jian Luo
Summary: The study identified Gpr84 as the receptor for medium-chain fatty acids in chondrocytes, showing that deficiency of Gpr84 exacerbated cartilage degradation in OA pathogenesis. Activation of Gpr84 enhanced cartilage extracellular matrix generation and protected against OA degeneration, without severe cartilaginous side effects.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dongsheng Wang, Zhixiang Wu, Chenglong Zhao, Xinghai Yang, Haifeng Wei, Mingyao Liu, Jian Zhao, Ming Qian, Zhenxi Li, Jianru Xiao
Summary: The upregulation of GPR54 in RA patient tissue is associated with disease severity, while KP-10/GPR54 may have therapeutic effects and can serve as a novel treatment target for RA.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qi Jia, Weifeng Tian, Binbin Li, Wen Chen, Wenjie Zhang, Yang Xie, Na Cheng, Qi Chen, Jianru Xiao, Yiwang Zhang, Jian Yang, Shu Wang
Summary: The activation of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels plays a key role in melanogenesis, helping melanocytes receive extrinsic and intrinsic signals for pigment production. Inhibition of TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels leads to reduced melanin content in melanoma cells, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for pigmentary disorders.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nanzhe Zhong, Minglei Yang, Xiaoyu Ma, Xin Gao, Chen Ye, Jian Yang, Xinghai Yang, Jian Jiao, Jianru Xiao
Summary: In this study of primary C2-involved upper cervical chordoma patients, it was found that age, surgical duration, preoperative comorbidities, and tumor extension were significant predictors for postoperative major complications. Patients with complications had significantly longer length of stay (LOS), influenced by factors including age, preoperative neurological deficit, tumor extension classification, and surgical duration.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kun Wu, Yiming Tang, Qiaoqiao Zhang, Zhangpeng Zhuo, Xiao Sheng, Jingping Huang, Jie'er Ye, Xiaorong Li, Zhiming Liu, Haiyang Chen
Summary: This study found that the differentiation efficiency of adult stem cells declines in aged Drosophila, with the caudal (cad) gene playing a key role in regulating this process. Depletion of cad promotes activation of quiescent intestinal stem cells (ISCs) to produce enterocytes in the midguts, while overexpression of cad leads to failure of ISC differentiation. Cad prevents ISC differentiation by modulating specific signaling pathways and reducing its expression restrains age-associated gut hyperplasia in Drosophila.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qi Jia, Zhipeng Wu, Ruitong Chu, Chenglong Zhao, Ting Wang, Zhenhua Zhou, Xiaopan Cai, Xinghai Yang, Jianru Xiao
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed 14 patients with spinal metastatic meningiomas (SMM), finding that SMM mainly occurred in the lumbar and thoracic spine. Circumferential surgery was associated with good local progression-free survival (LPFS), while WHO grade III and visceral metastasis were adverse factors affecting overall survival (OS) of the patients.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenxi Li, Jing Liu, Hiroyuki Inuzuka, Wenyi Wei
Summary: Kisspeptins, encoded by the KISS1 gene, play an important role in suppressing metastasis in certain types of cancers, but their physiological effects on cancer metastasis are context-dependent and still controversial. This article discusses the epigenetic mechanism regulating KISS1 gene expression, the context-dependent role of KISS1/KISS1R, the signaling pathways promoting or inhibiting metastasis, and the potential of targeting KISS1/KISS1R for anticancer therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rong Li, Zijing Guan, Shuyan Bi, Fanhua Wang, Liang He, Xin Niu, Yu You, Yuwei Liu, Yi Ding, Stefan Siwko, Ning Wang, Ziming Zhang, Yunyun Jin, Jian Luo
Summary: This study reveals that proton-activated GPR4 plays a crucial role in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Overexpression of GPR4 accelerates OA progression in mouse joints, while Gpr4 knockout effectively attenuates posttraumatic and aging-associated OA. Inhibition of GPR4 with the antagonist NE52-QQ57 ameliorates OA progression, promotes extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and protects cartilage from degradation. These findings suggest that GPR4 could be a promising therapeutic target for OA treatment.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fanhua Wang, Mingyao Liu, Ning Wang, Jian Luo
Summary: This review discusses the role of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in osteoarthritis (OA), including the pathophysiological processes involved, preclinical and clinical trial data, and the challenges in developing therapies targeting GPCRs for OA.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shaohui He, Yifeng Bi, Chen Ye, Dongyu Peng, Jianru Xiao, Haifeng Wei
Summary: Interdisciplinary surgical collaborations are essential for managing lumbar spinal tumors with extensive retroperitoneal involvements. This study reported the outcomes of nine patients who underwent such collaborative treatments, showing a 3- and 5-year disease-free survival rates, early-stage complications, and the association of blood loss with tumor status and surgery time. Significant pain relief and improved quality of life were achieved postoperatively.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Su Chen, Minglei Yang, Nanzhe Zhong, Dong Yu, Jiao Jian, Dongjie Jiang, Yasong Xiao, Wei Wei, Tianzhen Wang, Yan Lou, Zhenhua Zhou, Wei Xu, Wan Wan, Zhipeng Wu, Haifeng Wei, Tielong Liu, Jian Zhao, Xinghai Yang, Jianru Xiao
Summary: The study introduces a novel quantified CIN score modeled from cfDNA CNV for survival prediction of patients with bone metastasis. High CIN score is associated with worse survival, especially for patients with low Tokuhashi score (<= 8) and predicted survival of less than 6 months.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yunyun Jin, Qianqian Liu, Peng Chen, Siyuan Zhao, Wenhao Jiang, Fanhua Wang, Peng Li, Yuanjin Zhang, Weiqiang Lu, Tao P. Zhong, Xinran Ma, Xin Wang, Alison Gartland, Ning Wang, Karan Mehul Shah, Hankun Zhang, Xu Cao, Lei Yang, Mingyao Liu, Jian Luo
Summary: This study found that EP4 expression is increased in injured articular cartilage in both humans and mice. Deleting EP4 in cartilage promotes tissue regeneration and enhances stable mature articular cartilage formation. A novel EP4 antagonist called HL-43 is shown to enhance cartilage anabolism, suppress catabolism, prevent fibrocartilage formation, and reduce joint pain in animal models. The study suggests that EP4 can be a promising therapeutic target for cartilage regeneration and that HL-43 has the potential for clinical use in cartilage repair and regeneration.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhiying Yue, Xin Niu, Zengjin Yuan, Qin Qin, Wenhao Jiang, Liang He, Jingduo Gao, Yi Ding, Yanxi Liu, Ziwei Xu, Zhenxi Li, Zhengfeng Yang, Rong Li, Xiwen Xue, Yankun Gao, Fei Yue, Xiang H-F Zhang, Guohong Hu, Yi Wang, Yi Li, Geng Chen, Stefan Siwko, Alison Gartland, Ning Wang, Jianru Xiao, Mingyao Liu, Jian Luo
Summary: The study shows that osteoclast precursors can act as a component of the premetastatic niche for breast cancer bone metastasis by regulating the expression of DKK1 through the RSPO2/RANKL-LGR4 signaling pathway, leading to enhanced metastasis formation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
