Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sumin Lee, Jae-Hyun Kim, Minsun Kim, Sooyeon Hong, Hoyeon Park, Eom Ji Kim, Eun-Young Kim, Chungho Lee, Youngjoo Sohn, Hyuk Sang Jung, Jose Luis Perez-Castrillon
Summary: This study investigated the potential of a natural compound called daucosterol (DC) as a treatment for osteoporosis. The results showed that DC effectively inhibited osteoclast differentiation, promoted osteoblast activity, and prevented bone density loss caused by LPS. These findings suggest that DC may be a new therapeutic alternative for osteoporosis patients in the future.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Cheng Wang, Peng Wang, Feng Li, Yang Li, Minwei Zhao, Hui Feng, Haoye Meng, Junyang Li, Peng Shi, Jiang Peng, Hua Tian
Summary: This study investigated the expression of miRNA-214 in human osteoporotic bone tissue and tested the utility of AAV expressing a miRNA-214 inhibitor in preventing local osteoporosis in a rat model. The results showed that miRNA-214 expression was significantly increased in osteoporotic bone tissue. Moreover, AAV-anti-miRNA-214 promoted osteoblast activity and inhibited osteoclast activity in the femoral condyles of osteoporotic rats, improving bone metabolism and slowing the progression of osteoporosis.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Hao Yang, Xiaoli Hou, Lei Xing, Faming Tian
Summary: Carnosine is a crucial dipeptide with various beneficial effects on bone health, including anti-inflammatory, antiaging, anti-crosslinking, antitumor, and immune regulatory effects. Numerous studies have demonstrated that carnosine promotes bone cell proliferation and differentiation, inhibits bone resorption, and protects cartilage cells. It also regulates the cell cycle and differentiation of bone marrow stem cells, accelerates fracture healing, delays bone tumor development, and improves osteopenia induced by estrogen deficiency or disuse. Although the exact mechanisms are unclear, carnosine and its compounds have shown potential in preventing and treating specific bone diseases such as osteoporosis and bone tumors. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the existing research on carnosine and its effects on bone cells and tissues, offering support for the development of new targeted therapies.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku, Kok-Lun Pang, Kok-Yong Chih
Summary: Caffeic acid, a metabolite of hydroxycinnamate and phenylpropanoid, acts as an antioxidant to reduce osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. However, in some cases, it may have no effect on bone resorption or even impair bone mechanical properties in normal rats.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fnu Deepika, Siresha Bathina, Reina Armamento-Villareal
Summary: The burden of obesity and osteoporosis is increasing and becoming a major public health concern. Recent evidence has identified novel adipokines that play a role in bone metabolism. Obesity, characterized by adipose tissue inflammation, negatively impacts bone health. Adipokines secreted from white adipose tissue and bone marrow adipose tissue have effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Understanding the complex interplay between fat cells and bone is crucial in the context of osteoporosis. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of adipokines' role in bone metabolism.
Review
Cell Biology
Yi-Fan Guo, Tian Su, Mi Yang, Chang-jun Li, Qi Guo, Ye Xiao, Yan Huang, Ya Liu, Xiang-Hang Luo
Summary: Autophagy is a crucial intracellular process that recovers nutrients and energy, serving as an anti-aging mechanism. It plays a significant role in cellular homeostasis and is essential in the pathogenesis of bone diseases.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Eunjin Cho, Xiangguo Che, Mary Jasmin Ang, Seongmin Cheon, Jinkyung Lee, Kwang Soo Kim, Chang Hoon Lee, Sang-Yeop Lee, Hee-Young Yang, Changjong Moon, Chungoo Park, Je-Yong Choi, Tae-Hoon Lee
Summary: Peroxiredoxin 5 (Prdx5) plays a significant role in regulating bone resorption and bone formation, and its deficiency leads to osteoporosis. Through immunoprecipitation and LC-MS/MS analysis, hnRNPK was identified as an interacting partner of Prdx5, and Prdx5 negatively regulates the expression of osteocalcin mediated by hnRNPK. Additionally, the loss of Prdx5 enhances the expression of osteoclast-related genes during the differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages into multinucleated osteoclasts. These findings suggest that Prdx5 plays an important role in maintaining bone homeostasis by regulating bone cell differentiation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathryn Frost, Amy J. Naylor, Helen M. McGettrick
Summary: Bone remodelling is a dynamically regulated process involving osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and their progenitors. Dysregulation of bone remodelling can lead to disorders like osteoporosis and Paget's disease. The sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway has been identified as an important regulator of bone remodelling and inflammatory responses. This review discusses the role of S1P in bone homeostasis and disease, highlighting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eric Gustavo Ramirez-Salazar, Erika Victoria Almeraya, Tania Valentina Lopez-Perez, Zacarias Jimenez-Salas, Nelly Patino, Rafael Velazquez-Cruz
Summary: miR-1270 plays an important role in bone metabolism by regulating the expression of IRF8. Overexpression of miR-1270 attenuates the proliferation and migration ability of human osteoblast-like cells.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Scott S. Hannah, Sonyia McFadden, Andrea McNeilly, Conor McClean
Summary: Hypoxia can have significant impacts on bone health, with bone cells exhibiting unique responses to hypoxic stimuli. Changes in bone metabolism induced by hypoxia may be mediated through multiple mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wenhao Lv, Youli Zheng, Junjun Jiao, Yu Fu, Tingrui Xu, Li Zhang, Zheng Zhang, Ning Ma
Summary: This review highlights the role of X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) in bone metabolism, particularly its regulation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, as well as its influence on immune cell differentiation and the immune microenvironment of bone remodeling. The article predicts possible future research directions of XBP1 and provides new insights for the treatment of bone-related metabolic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wachiranun Sirikul, Natthaphat Siri-Angkul, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Summary: Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is associated with osteoporosis and plays a role in bone remodeling processes and mineral homeostasis. Clinical and preclinical studies suggest potential diagnostic and prognostic applications of FGF23 in osteoporosis, especially in elderly and patients with chronic kidney disease. However, inconsistent findings and areas of uncertainty exist, warranting further research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yaosheng Xiao, Xunlu Xie, Zhixi Chen, Guoqiang Yin, Weihao Kong, Jianguo Zhou
Summary: ATF4 plays a crucial role in maintaining bone homeostasis and inhibiting the development of osteoporosis. It promotes bone formation and inhibits bone resorption.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mingliang Zhong, Zhenyu Wu, Zhixi Chen, Qun Ren, Jianguo Zhou
Summary: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein synthesis, folding, and secretion. Accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the ER can lead to ER stress, which is known to trigger cell apoptosis. ER stress plays a role in the development of osteoporosis, a disease characterized by imbalanced bone remodeling. Factors such as adverse drug effects, metabolic disorders, and aging can activate ER stress and contribute to the pathological progression of osteoporosis. Inhibition of ER stress has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for managing osteoporosis, but further research is needed to fully understand its role in the disease.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhihai Cao, Yuan Xue, Jiaqian Wang
Summary: Osteoporosis is caused by decreased bone formation and increased bone absorption, with ferroptosis playing a key role. Ferroptosis may inhibit bone formation and promote bone absorption through oxidative stress, leading to osteoporosis.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weizhuo Lu, Zhiwu Chen, Jiyue Wen
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a common and serious disease, and neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in its progression. Microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrating immune cells are involved in the complicated neuroinflammation cascade, releasing different molecules that affect inflammation. Flavonoids, plant-specific compounds, have shown protective effects against cerebral ischemia injury by modulating the inflammatory responses.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2024)