Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicholas W. Carris, Rahul Mhaskar, Emily Coughlin, Easton Bracey, Srinivas M. Tipparaju, Ganesh Halade
Summary: This study identifies IL-2 as an important component of suboptimal inflammation in the pathogenesis of HFpEF.
BMC CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Punniyakoti Veeraveedu Thanikachalam, Srinivasan Ramamurthy, Poojitha Mallapu, Sudhir Rama Varma, Jayaraj Narayanan, Mohammed A. S. Abourehab, Prashant Kesharwani
Summary: IL-33 is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-1 family and promotes the production of Th2 cytokines by binding with ST2L and IL-1RAcP. It has demonstrated protective effects against cardiovascular diseases by inducing Th2 cytokines and promoting alternative activating M2 polarization. However, the soluble decoy form of ST2 mitigates its effects, exacerbating cardiovascular diseases. IL-33 also plays a significant role in the development of asthma, arthritis, atopic dermatitis, and anaphylaxis. This review aims to explore the protective role of IL-33 against cardiovascular diseases and the potential of serum soluble ST2 as a diagnostic biomarker for these diseases. Therefore, IL-33 holds promise as a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaoming Jia, Leo Buckley, Caroline Sun, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Bing Yu, Vijay Nambi, Salim S. Virani, Elizabeth Selvin, Kunihiro Matsushita, Ron C. Hoogeveen, Josef Coresh, Amil M. Shah, Christie M. Ballantyne
Summary: Higher levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-18 in older adults are associated with an increased risk of global cardiovascular disease (including coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure) and death. The association between interleukin-6 and global cardiovascular disease is stronger than that for interleukin-18, and remains significant even after adjustments for other biomarkers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eleni Michou, Desiree Wussler, Maria Belkin, Cornelia Simmen, Ivo Strebel, Albina Nowak, Nikola Kozhuharov, Samyut Shrestha, Pedro Lopez-Ayala, Zaid Sabti, Constantin Mork, Matthias Diebold, Tiffany Pequignot, Katharina Rentsch, Arnold von Eckardstein, Danielle M. Gualandro, Tobias Breidthardt, Christian Mueller
Summary: We assessed the role of systemic inflammation in the pathophysiology, phenotyping, and risk stratification of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) using a novel Interleukin-6 immunoassay. The study found that systemic inflammation levels were associated with the type of heart failure and risk of death.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francisco Vasques-Novoa, Joao Pedro Ferriera, Pedro Marques, Joao Serglo Neves, Catarina Vale, Pedro Ribeirinho-Soares, Jose Marques, Sandra Martins, Joao Tiago Guimaraes, Antonio S. Barros, Adelino F. Leite-Moreira, Roberto Roncon-Albuquerque, Jorge Almeida, Paulo Bettencourt, Fernando Frioes
Summary: IL-6 levels are associated with a higher rate of cardiovascular events in AHF, independent of classical prognosticators and evidence of infection, outperforming CRP as an inflammatory outcome biomarker.
Article
Hematology
Maggie A. Stanislawski, Leslie A. Lange, Laura M. Raffield, Neil A. Zakai, Mariah Meyer, Kendra Ferrier, Mindy D. Szeto, Colton Leavitt, Jonathan A. Shortt, Timothy A. Thornton, Russell P. Tracy, Paul L. Auer, Alex P. Reiner, Ethan M. Lange, Nels C. Olson
Summary: This study identified a significant association between sCD14 levels and cardiovascular disease outcomes and mortality in a cohort of Black participants from the JHS. Adjusting for cardiovascular disease risk factors and C-reactive protein, higher sCD14 levels were significantly associated with increased risk of mortality, incident coronary heart disease, and incident heart failure. The study also found genetic associations with sCD14, highlighting the importance of genetic factors in these relationships.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Brandon Tejada, Roby Joehanes, Shih-Jen Hwang, Tianxiao Huan, Chen Yao, Jennifer E. Ho, Daniel Levy
Summary: The study found that higher inflammation scores were associated with smoking, older age, higher BMI, systolic blood pressure, lipids, and glucose levels, as well as greater odds of hypertension and diabetes. Additionally, higher baseline scores were linked to increased risk of new-onset cardiovascular disease events and all-cause mortality.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wesley Tyler Abplanalp, Sebastian Cremer, David John, Jedrzej Hoffmann, Bianca Schuhmacher, Maximillian Merten, Michael A. Rieger, Mariuca Vasa-Nicotera, Andreas M. Zeiher, Stefanie Dimmeler
Summary: This study reveals that circulating monocytes and T cells of patients with heart failure harboring clonal hematopoiesis-driver mutations in DNMT3A exhibit a highly inflamed transcriptome, which may contribute to the aggravation of chronic heart failure.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eiichiro Kanda, Atsushi Suzuki, Masaki Makino, Hiroo Tsubota, Satomi Kanemata, Koichi Shirakawa, Toshitaka Yajima
Summary: A novel machine learning model was developed to predict the risk of developing CKD/HF in early-stage T2DM patients, showing good predictive performance in external validation. Early diagnosis and intervention based on ML models may improve the prognosis of high-risk patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Arjun Sinha, Deepak K. Gupta, Clyde W. Yancy, Sanjiv J. Shah, Laura J. Rasmussen-Torvik, Elizabeth M. McNally, Philip Greenland, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Sadiya S. Khan
Summary: The article highlights the need for targeted prevention of heart failure, emphasizing the importance of quantifying individual patient risks in devising optimal prevention strategies. It discusses the development of HF risk prediction tools and the role of biomarkers in personalized risk estimation, as well as explores the application of genomics-enhanced approaches for HF prevention.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stefano Toldo, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Leo F. Buckley, Nicola Potere, Marcello Di Nisio, Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Antonio Abbate
Summary: The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases and targeting this protein complex has shown promising therapeutic effects. IL-1 blockade and colchicine are current treatment options.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Leila R. Zelnick, Michael G. Shlipak, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Amanda Anderson, Robert Christenson, Mayank Kansal, Rajat Deo, Jiang He, Bernard G. Jaar, Matthew R. Weir, Panduranga Rao, Debbie L. Cohen, Jordana B. Cohen, Harold Feldman, Alan Go, Nisha Bansal
Summary: This study evaluated the prognostic value of cardiac biomarkers and echocardiographic variables in predicting heart failure (HF) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The results showed that NT-proBNP and hsTnT had better discrimination than the current HF prediction model. HF clinical prediction models tailored to CKD patients are needed.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cong-Lin Liu, Xin Liu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Jing Liu, Chongzhe Yang, Songyuan Luo, Tianxiao Liu, Yunzhe Wang, Jes S. Lindholt, Axel Diederichsen, Lars M. Rasmussen, Marie Dahl, Galina K. Sukhova, Guanyi Lu, Gilbert R. Upchurch, Peter Libby, Junli Guo, Jinying Zhang, Guo-Ping Shi
Summary: Blood eosinophil count and ECP are associated with cardiovascular diseases, and eosinophils have been found to accumulate in AAA lesions. Eosinophil deficiency exacerbates AAA growth, while eosinophils play a protective role by releasing IL4 and cationic proteins to regulate macrophage and monocyte polarization and block NF-kappa B activation in aortic inflammatory and vascular cells.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jordana Kron, Thomas Crawford, Virginia Mihalick, Frank Bogun, Jennifer H. Jordan, Todd Koelling, Huzaefah Syed, Aamer Syed, Thomas Iden, Kelly Polly, Emily Federmann, Kirsta Bray, Sangeeta Lathkar-Pradhan, Shilpa Jasti, Lynda Rosenfeld, David Birnie, Melissa Smallfield, Le Kang, Alpha Berry Fowler, Amy Ladd, Kenneth Ellenbogen, Benjamin Van Tassell, W. Gregory Hundley, Antonio Abbate
Summary: Cardiac sarcoidosis is a rare disease that can lead to life-threatening complications, and this trial aims to investigate the effectiveness of IL-1 blockade with anakinra in combating systemic and cardiac inflammation in patients with this condition.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leanne Mooney, Colette E. Jackson, Carly Adamson, Alex McConnachie, Paul Welsh, Rachel C. Myles, John J. V. McMurray, Pardeep S. Jhund, Mark C. Petrie, Ninian N. Lang
Summary: Circulating levels of interleukin-6 may identify patients at greater risk of adverse outcomes following hospitalization with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bibinaz Eghtedari, Sion K. K. Roy, Matthew J. J. Budoff
Summary: Chronic inflammation plays a key role in the progression of atherosclerotic disease, and targeting inflammation has been shown to halt the development of coronary artery disease. Specific anti-inflammatory therapies, such as colchicine, canakinumab, VIA-2291, and methotrexate, have demonstrated efficacy in inhibiting atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease progression. This review highlights the potential benefits of these anti-inflammatories, particularly for high-risk individuals already on optimal medical therapy.
CARDIOLOGY IN REVIEW
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ruby Havistin, Suvasini Lakshmanan, Matthew J. Budoff
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ilana S. Golub, Orly G. Termeie, Stephanie Kristo, Lucia P. Schroeder, Suvasini Lakshmanan, Ahmed M. Shafter, Luay Hussein, Dhiran Verghese, Jairo Aldana-Bitar, Venkat S. Manubolu, Matthew J. Budoff
Summary: This review provides a summary of global guidelines on coronary artery calcium (CAC) for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk assessment in both clinical and preventive settings. The review compares recommendations from different cardiovascular societies worldwide and identifies common features. Although there are some differences in specific intervals and cut points, international guidelines emphasize the importance of CAC in both primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Understanding the similarities among international guidelines is crucial for clinicians to make informed decisions about personalized treatment.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew Sindone, Wolfram Doehner, Josep Comin-Colet
Summary: Intravenous iron-carbohydrate complex supplementation has a positive effect on heart failure patients, reducing hospitalization rates and improving functional and exercise capacity.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Matthew J. Budoff
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Harpreet S. S. Bhatia, Robyn L. L. McClelland, Julie Denenberg, Matthew J. J. Budoff, Matthew A. A. Allison, Michael H. H. Criqui
Summary: This study evaluated the association between coronary artery calcium (CAC) density and cardiovascular disease risk across different levels of CAC volume. The combination of CAC density and volume improved risk prediction for coronary heart disease. Higher density was associated with lower risk at volume ≤ 130 mm(3), suggesting a potentially clinically useful cut point. Further research is needed to integrate these findings into a unified CAC scoring method.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Charles Ginsberg, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Ronit Katz, Jonathan H. Cheng, Simon Hsu, Matthew J. Budoff, Deborah M. Kado, Bryan Kestenbaum, David S. Siscovick, Erin D. Michos, Joachim H. Ix, Ian H. de Boer
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mark G. Rabbat, Suvasini Lakshmanan, Mina M. Benjamin, Gheorghe Doros, April Kinninger, Matthew J. Budoff, Deepak L. Bhatt
Summary: The EVAPORATE trial demonstrated that IPE significantly reduced plaque burden. This study assessed the impact of IPE on coronary physiology using FFRCT. The results showed that IPE improved coronary distal segment FFRCT, providing mechanistic insight into the clinical benefit observed in the REDUCE-IT trial.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sophie E. van Rosendael, A. Maxim Bax, Fay Y. Lin, Stephan Achenbach, Daniele Andreini, Matthew J. Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Q. Callister, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Benjamin J. W. Chow, Ricardo C. Cury, Augustin J. DeLago, Gudrun Feuchtner, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp A. Kaufmann, Yong-Jin Kim, Jonathon A. Leipsic, Erica Maffei, Hugo Marques, Pedro de Araujo Goncalves, Gianluca Pontone, Gilbert L. Raff, Ronen Rubinshtein, Todd C. Villines, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Daniel S. Berman, James K. Min, Jeroen J. Bax, Leslee J. Shaw, Alexander R. van Rosendael
Summary: This study found that women develop coronary atherosclerosis approximately 12 years later than men, and post-menopausal women in the highest atherosclerotic burden group have a significantly higher risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to men.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Olufunmilayo H. Obisesan, Olusola A. Orimoloye, Frances M. Wang, Zeina A. Dardari, Elizabeth Selvin, Ellen Boakye, Albert D. Osei, Yasuyuki Honda, Omar Dzaye, James Pankow, Josef Coresh, Candace M. Howard-Claudio, Khurram Nasir, Kunihiro Matsushita, Michael J. Blaha
Summary: The distribution of coronary artery calcium (CAC) was found to be associated with diabetes-specific risk enhancers among older adults with diabetes, indicating an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). These findings have important implications for prognostication in diabetes patients and support the incorporation of CAC in the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk in this population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Josep Comin Colet, Antoni Sicras Mainar, Joel Salazar-Mendiguchia, MariaIsabel del Campo Alonso, Ainara Echeto, David Vilanova Larena, Olga Delgado Sanchez
Summary: This observational and retrospective study analyzed healthcare resources usage and costs associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in Spain. The results showed that compared to acenocoumarol, apixaban reduced the incidence of strokes and systemic embolisms, minor and major bleedings, and deaths. Apixaban also led to significant cost savings in nursing visits, hospitalizations, and emergency visits, with an annual saving of €274 per patient from the perspective of society. Therefore, apixaban is considered a cost-effective alternative for patients with NVAF.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Damia Valero-Bover, David Monterde, Gerard Carot-Sans, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Josep Comin-Colet, Emili Vela, Montse Cleries, Julia Folguera, Sonia Abilleira, Miquel Arrufat, Yolanda Lejardi, Oscar Solans, Toni Dedeu, Marc Coca, Pol Perez-Sust, Caridad Pontes, Jordi Piera-Jimenez
Summary: The study aimed to assess the contribution of age and comorbidity to the risk of critical illness in hospitalized COVID-19 patients using increasingly exhaustive tools for measuring comorbidity burden. It was found that comorbidity burden explained better than chronological age the increased risk of critical illness observed in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Patrick W. Serruys, Nozomi Kotoku, Bjarne L. Norgaard, Scot Garg, Koen Nieman, Marc R. Dweck, Jeroen J. Bax, Juhani Knuuti, Jagat Narula, Divaka Perera, Charles A. Taylor, Jonathon A. Leipsic, Edward D. Nicol, Nicolo Piazza, Carl J. Schultz, Kakuya Kitagawa, Bernard De Bruyne, Carlos Collet, Kaoru Tanaka, Saima Mushtaq, Marta Belmonte, Darius Dudek, Adriana Zlahoda-Huzior, Shengxian Tu, William Wijns, Faisal Sharif, Matthew J. Budoff, Johan de Mey, Daniele Andreini, Yoshinobu Onuma
Summary: Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) has become the preferred investigation for determining the presence and haemodynamic significance of coronary artery disease. It can rule out atherosclerosis or detect subclinical plaque in patients without significant epicardial obstruction, and provide risk classification. For ischaemic non-obstructive coronary arteries, non-invasive imaging, including CCTA, is also expected. In patients with significant epicardial obstruction, CCTA can assist in planning revascularisation by determining disease complexity, vessel size, lesion length, tissue composition of the atherosclerotic plaque, and the best fluoroscopic viewing angle.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pamela Pina, Daniel Lorenzatti, Rita Paula, Jonathan Daich, Aldo L. Schenone, Carlos Gongora, Mario J. Garcia, Michael J. Blaha, Matthew J. Budoff, Daniel S. Berman, Salim S. Virani, Leandro Slipczuk
Summary: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a ongoing epidemic, primarily caused by lipid abnormalities. Despite being asymptomatic, most individuals who experience a first ASCVD event do not receive preventative therapies. Risk calculators based on traditional risk factors have been the cornerstone of primary prevention, but they often misclassify individuals, resulting in ineffective use of lipid-lowering medication or missed opportunities for prevention. The development of coronary artery calcium scoring (CAC) and CT coronary angiography (CCTA) provide tools to visualize coronary plaque and guide personalized lipid management.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anandita Agarwala, Jaideep Patel, Michael Blaha, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica, Khurram Nasir, Matthew Budoff
Summary: South Asian individuals, especially those in the United States and other Westernized countries, have a higher risk of ASCVD and ASCVD-related mortality. The use of coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring can improve risk stratification and the delivery of preventive therapies among South Asian individuals, as it is a cost-effective and highly reproducible marker of subclinical atherosclerosis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)