Mechanisms and pathways of innate immune activation and regulation in health and cancer

Prion-like Polymerization Underlies Signal Transduction in Antiviral Immune Defense and Inflammasome Activation

(2014) Xin Cai et al.   CELL

Unified Polymerization Mechanism for the Assembly of ASC-Dependent Inflammasomes

(2014) Alvin Lu et al.   CELL

NLRP6 Inflammasome Orchestrates the Colonic Host-Microbial Interface by Regulating Goblet Cell Mucus Secretion

(2014) Marta Wlodarska et al.   CELL

NLRC3, a Member of the NLR Family of Proteins, Is a Negative Regulator of Innate Immune Signaling Induced by the DNA Sensor STING

(2014) Lu Zhang et al.   IMMUNITY

Recruitment of Phosphatase PP2A by RACK1 Adaptor Protein Deactivates Transcription Factor IRF3 and Limits Type I Interferon Signaling

(2014) Lingyun Long et al.   IMMUNITY

USP21 negatively regulates antiviral response by acting as a RIG-I deubiquitinase

(2014) Yihui Fan et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Smurf2 Negatively Modulates RIG-I-Dependent Antiviral Response by Targeting VISA/MAVS for Ubiquitination and Degradation

(2014) Y. Pan et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Structural basis for ubiquitin-mediated antiviral signal activation by RIG-I

(2014) Alys Peisley et al.   NATURE

The Ubiquitin-Specific Protease USP15 Promotes RIG-I-Mediated Antiviral Signaling by Deubiquitylating TRIM25

(2014) E.-K. Pauli et al.   Science Signaling

Cell-surface localization of Pellino antagonizes Toll-mediated innate immune signalling by controlling MyD88 turnover in Drosophila

(2014) Shanming Ji et al.   Nature Communications

HSCARG Negatively Regulates the Cellular Antiviral RIG-I Like Receptor Signaling Pathway by Inhibiting TRAF3 Ubiquitination via Recruiting OTUB1

(2014) Yanyan Peng et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Hepatic RIG-I Predicts Survival and Interferon-α Therapeutic Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

(2013) Jin Hou et al.   CANCER CELL

The Adaptor MAVS Promotes NLRP3 Mitochondrial Localization and Inflammasome Activation

(2013) Naeha Subramanian et al.   CELL

Induction of Siglec-G by RNA Viruses Inhibits the Innate Immune Response by Promoting RIG-I Degradation

(2013) Weilin Chen et al.   CELL

Cyclic Dinucleotides Trigger ULK1 (ATG1) Phosphorylation of STING to Prevent Sustained Innate Immune Signaling

(2013) Hiroyasu Konno et al.   CELL

USP3 inhibits type I interferon signaling by deubiquitinating RIG-I-like receptors

(2013) Jun Cui et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Signalling C-Type lectin receptors, microbial recognition and immunity

(2013) J. Claire Hoving et al.   CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY

The protein kinase PKR is critical for LPS-induced iNOS production but dispensable for inflammasome activation in macrophages

(2013) Yuan He et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Mechanisms of NOD-like Receptor-Associated Inflammasome Activation

(2013) Haitao Wen et al.   IMMUNITY

Dephosphorylation of the RNA Sensors RIG-I and MDA5 by the Phosphatase PP1 Is Essential for Innate Immune Signaling

(2013) Effi Wies et al.   IMMUNITY

The DHX33 RNA Helicase Senses Cytosolic RNA and Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome

(2013) Hiroki Mitoma et al.   IMMUNITY

Immune Sensing of DNA

(2013) Søren R. Paludan et al.   IMMUNITY

Cytosolic Sensing of Viruses

(2013) Delphine Goubau et al.   IMMUNITY

NOD2-mediated dysbiosis predisposes mice to transmissible colitis and colorectal cancer

(2013) Aurélie Couturier-Maillard et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Negative Regulation of Nmi on Virus-Triggered Type I IFN Production by Targeting IRF7

(2013) J. Wang et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Phosphorylation of the adaptor ASC acts as a molecular switch that controls the formation of speck-like aggregates and inflammasome activity

(2013) Hideki Hara et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Microtubule-driven spatial arrangement of mitochondria promotes activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

(2013) Takuma Misawa et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Human NAIP and mouse NAIP1 recognize bacterial type III secretion needle protein for inflammasome activation

(2013) J. Yang et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Structure of the NLRP1 caspase recruitment domain suggests potential mechanisms for its association with procaspase-1

(2013) Tengchuan Jin et al.   PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS

Crystal Structure of NLRC4 Reveals Its Autoinhibition Mechanism

(2013) Z. Hu et al.   SCIENCE

Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 25 Regulates TLR4-Dependent Innate Immune Responses Through Deubiquitination of the Adaptor Protein TRAF3

(2013) B. Zhong et al.   Science Signaling

The Tyrosine Kinase Syk Differentially Regulates Toll-like Receptor Signaling Downstream of the Adaptor Molecules TRAF6 and TRAF3

(2013) Y.-C. Lin et al.   Science Signaling

Signalling C-Type Lectins in Antimicrobial Immunity

(2013) Rebecca A. Drummond et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Regulation of Toll-like receptor signaling pathways in innate immune responses

(2012) Cheng Qian et al.   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Roles of toll-like receptors in Cancer: A double-edged sword for defense and offense

(2012) Shaherin Basith et al.   ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH

MAVS ubiquitination by the E3 ligase TRIM25 and degradation by the proteasome is involved in type I interferon production after activation of the antiviral RIG-I-like receptors

(2012) Céline Castanier et al.   BMC BIOLOGY

Linear Ubiquitination of NEMO Negatively Regulates the Interferon Antiviral Response through Disruption of the MAVS-TRAF3 Complex

(2012) S. Mehdi Belgnaoui et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Enhanced TLR-induced NF-κB signaling and type I interferon responses in NLRC5 deficient mice

(2012) Yanzheng Tong et al.   CELL RESEARCH

Ubiquitin-Induced Oligomerization of the RNA Sensors RIG-I and MDA5 Activates Antiviral Innate Immune Response

(2012) Xiaomo Jiang et al.   IMMUNITY

The Mitochondrial Proteins NLRX1 and TUFM Form a Complex that Regulates Type I Interferon and Autophagy

(2012) Yu Lei et al.   IMMUNITY

Non-transcriptional Priming and Deubiquitination Regulate NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation

(2012) Christine Juliana et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Formation and Structure of a NAIP5-NLRC4 Inflammasome Induced by Direct Interactions with Conserved N- and C-terminal Regions of Flagellin

(2012) Els F. Halff et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Deubiquitinases Regulate the Activity of Caspase-1 and Interleukin-1β Secretion via Assembly of the Inflammasome

(2012) Gloria Lopez-Castejon et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

TRIM32 Protein Modulates Type I Interferon Induction and Cellular Antiviral Response by Targeting MITA/STING Protein for K63-linked Ubiquitination

(2012) Jing Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Reduced expression of Toll-like receptor 4 inhibits human breast cancer cells proliferation and inflammatory cytokines secretion

(2012) Huan Yang et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH

TRAF-interacting protein (TRIP) negatively regulates IFN-β production and antiviral response by promoting proteasomal degradation of TANK-binding kinase 1

(2012) Meng Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

NLRC5 Deficiency Selectively Impairs MHC Class I- Dependent Lymphocyte Killing by Cytotoxic T Cells

(2012) F. Staehli et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Deubiquitination of NLRP3 by BRCC3 Critically Regulates Inflammasome Activity

(2012) Bénédicte F. Py et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

NLRP6 negatively regulates innate immunity and host defence against bacterial pathogens

(2012) Paras K. Anand et al.   NATURE

Phosphorylation of NLRC4 is critical for inflammasome activation

(2012) Yan Qu et al.   NATURE

Novel role of PKR in inflammasome activation and HMGB1 release

(2012) Ben Lu et al.   NATURE

NLRP4 negatively regulates type I interferon signaling by targeting the kinase TBK1 for degradation via the ubiquitin ligase DTX4

(2012) Jun Cui et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Nitric oxide controls the immunopathology of tuberculosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome–dependent processing of IL-1β

(2012) Bibhuti B Mishra et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The innate immune sensor NLRC3 attenuates Toll-like receptor signaling via modification of the signaling adaptor TRAF6 and transcription factor NF-κB

(2012) Monika Schneider et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Sensing and reacting to microbes through the inflammasomes

(2012) Luigi Franchi et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Activation of autophagy by inflammatory signals limits IL-1β production by targeting ubiquitinated inflammasomes for destruction

(2012) Chong-Shan Shi et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Cyclic GMP-AMP Is an Endogenous Second Messenger in Innate Immune Signaling by Cytosolic DNA

(2012) J. Wu et al.   SCIENCE

GBP5 Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome Assembly and Immunity in Mammals

(2012) A. R. Shenoy et al.   SCIENCE

Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is a Cytosolic DNA Sensor That Activates the Type I Interferon Pathway

(2012) L. Sun et al.   SCIENCE

CD14 Controls the LPS-Induced Endocytosis of Toll-like Receptor 4

(2011) Ivan Zanoni et al.   CELL

MAVS Forms Functional Prion-like Aggregates to Activate and Propagate Antiviral Innate Immune Response

(2011) Fajian Hou et al.   CELL

Nod2 is essential for temporal development of intestinal microbial communities

(2011) A. Rehman et al.   GUT

Cellular Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins cIAP1 and cIAP2 Are Required for Efficient Caspase-1 Activation by the Inflammasome

(2011) Katherine Labbé et al.   IMMUNITY

Mapping a Dynamic Innate Immunity Protein Interaction Network Regulating Type I Interferon Production

(2011) Shitao Li et al.   IMMUNITY

Immune Signaling by RIG-I-like Receptors

(2011) Yueh-Ming Loo et al.   IMMUNITY

NLRX1 Negatively Regulates TLR-Induced NF-κB Signaling by Targeting TRAF6 and IKK

(2011) Xiaojun Xia et al.   IMMUNITY

NLRX1 Protein Attenuates Inflammatory Responses to Infection by Interfering with the RIG-I-MAVS and TRAF6-NF-κB Signaling Pathways

(2011) Irving C. Allen et al.   IMMUNITY

Regulation of the Antimicrobial Response by NLR Proteins

(2011) Eran Elinav et al.   IMMUNITY

ABIN1 Protein Cooperates with TAX1BP1 and A20 Proteins to Inhibit Antiviral Signaling

(2011) Linlin Gao et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

A Functional Role for Nlrp6 in Intestinal Inflammation and Tumorigenesis

(2011) G. Y. Chen et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Conventional Protein Kinase C-  (PKC- ) and PKC-  Negatively Regulate RIG-I Antiviral Signal Transduction

(2011) N. P. Maharaj et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

The NLRC4 inflammasome receptors for bacterial flagellin and type III secretion apparatus

(2011) Yue Zhao et al.   NATURE

Innate immune recognition of bacterial ligands by NAIPs determines inflammasome specificity

(2011) Eric M. Kofoed et al.   NATURE

STING is a direct innate immune sensor of cyclic di-GMP

(2011) Dara L. Burdette et al.   NATURE

The helicase DDX41 senses intracellular DNA mediated by the adaptor STING in dendritic cells

(2011) Zhiqiang Zhang et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 6 (NLRP6) controls epithelial self-renewal and colorectal carcinogenesis upon injury

(2011) S. Normand et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Discovery of a Viral NLR Homolog that Inhibits the Inflammasome

(2011) S. M. Gregory et al.   SCIENCE

Reconstitution of the RIG-I Pathway Reveals a Signaling Role of Unanchored Polyubiquitin Chains in Innate Immunity

(2010) Wenwen Zeng et al.   CELL

NLRC5 Negatively Regulates the NF-κB and Type I Interferon Signaling Pathways

(2010) Jun Cui et al.   CELL

Pattern Recognition Receptors and Inflammation

(2010) Osamu Takeuchi et al.   CELL

The inflammasomes: mechanisms of activation and function

(2010) Eicke Latz   CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY

What is new with Nods?

(2010) Joao G Magalhaes et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY

Regulation of natural killer T-cell development by deubiquitinase CYLD

(2010) Andrew J Lee et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Regulates IRF3 Transcription Factor-Mediated Antiviral Response via Activation of the Kinase TBK1

(2010) Cao-Qi Lei et al.   IMMUNITY

The NLRP3 Inflammasome Protects against Loss of Epithelial Integrity and Mortality during Experimental Colitis

(2010) Md. Hasan Zaki et al.   IMMUNITY

Control of Intestinal Homeostasis, Colitis, and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by the Inflammatory Caspases

(2010) Jeremy Dupaul-Chicoine et al.   IMMUNITY

The Ubiquitin E3 Ligase RAUL Negatively Regulates Type I Interferon through Ubiquitination of the Transcription Factors IRF7 and IRF3

(2010) Yanxing Yu et al.   IMMUNITY

The Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM56 Regulates Innate Immune Responses to Intracellular Double-Stranded DNA

(2010) Tetsuo Tsuchida et al.   IMMUNITY

TAX1BP1 and A20 Inhibit Antiviral Signaling by Targeting TBK1-IKKi Kinases

(2010) Kislay Parvatiyar et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Negative Role of RIG-I Serine 8 Phosphorylation in the Regulation of Interferon-β Production

(2010) Estanislao Nistal-Villán et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

The NLRP3 inflammasome functions as a negative regulator of tumorigenesis during colitis-associated cancer

(2010) Irving C. Allen et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

CD14 is a coreceptor of Toll-like receptors 7 and 9

(2010) Christoph L. Baumann et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

MyD88-mediated signaling prevents development of adenocarcinomas of the colon: role of interleukin 18

(2010) Rosalba Salcedo et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Tripartite-Motif Protein 30 Negatively Regulates NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Production

(2010) Y. Hu et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

NLRC5 Limits the Activation of Inflammatory Pathways

(2010) S. Benko et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

NLRC5 Deficiency Does Not Influence Cytokine Induction by Virus and Bacteria Infections

(2010) H. Kumar et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Phosphorylation-Mediated Negative Regulation of RIG-I Antiviral Activity

(2010) M. U. Gack et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

The AIM2 inflammasome is essential for host defense against cytosolic bacteria and DNA viruses

(2010) Vijay A K Rathinam et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The AIM2 inflammasome is critical for innate immunity to Francisella tularensis

(2010) Teresa Fernandes-Alnemri et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

ZAPS is a potent stimulator of signaling mediated by the RNA helicase RIG-I during antiviral responses

(2010) Sumio Hayakawa et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

IFI16 is an innate immune sensor for intracellular DNA

(2010) Leonie Unterholzner et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Toll-Like Receptor 2 Signaling Protects Mice from Tumor Development in a Mouse Model of Colitis-Induced Cancer

(2010) Emily L. Lowe et al.   PLoS One

Inflammation-induced tumorigenesis in the colon is regulated by caspase-1 and NLRC4

(2010) B. Hu et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

LGP2 is a positive regulator of RIG-I- and MDA5-mediated antiviral responses

(2010) T. Satoh et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Inhibition of NF- B Signaling by A20 Through Disruption of Ubiquitin Enzyme Complexes

(2010) N. Shembade et al.   SCIENCE

RNA Polymerase III Detects Cytosolic DNA and Induces Type I Interferons through the RIG-I Pathway

(2009) Yu-Hsin Chiu et al.   CELL

The ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20 requires RNF11 to downregulate NF-κB signalling

(2009) Noula Shembade et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

The Ubiquitin Ligase RNF5 Regulates Antiviral Responses by Mediating Degradation of the Adaptor Protein MITA

(2009) Bo Zhong et al.   IMMUNITY

A host type I interferon response is induced by cytosolic sensing of the bacterial second messenger cyclic-di-GMP

(2009) Sarah M. McWhirter et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

TNFAIP3(A20) is a tumor suppressor gene in Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma

(2009) Roland Schmitz et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Human Cytomegalovirus Induces the Interferon Response via the DNA Sensor ZBP1

(2009) V. R. DeFilippis et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Small interfering RNA-directed targeting of Toll-like receptor 4 inhibits human prostate cancer cell invasion, survival, and tumorigenicity

(2009) Dong Hua et al.   MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY

Systematic RNA interference reveals that oncogenic KRAS-driven cancers require TBK1

(2009) David A. Barbie et al.   NATURE

AIM2 activates the inflammasome and cell death in response to cytoplasmic DNA

(2009) Teresa Fernandes-Alnemri et al.   NATURE

AIM2 recognizes cytosolic dsDNA and forms a caspase-1-activating inflammasome with ASC

(2009) Veit Hornung et al.   NATURE

Frequent inactivation of A20 in B-cell lymphomas

(2009) Motohiro Kato et al.   NATURE

Syk kinase signalling couples to the Nlrp3 inflammasome for anti-fungal host defence

(2009) Olaf Gross et al.   NATURE

STING regulates intracellular DNA-mediated, type I interferon-dependent innate immunity

(2009) Hiroki Ishikawa et al.   NATURE

Activation of innate immune antiviral responses by Nod2

(2009) Ahmed Sabbah et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

RIG-I-dependent sensing of poly(dA:dT) through the induction of an RNA polymerase III–transcribed RNA intermediate

(2009) Andrea Ablasser et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The E3 ubiquitin ligase Nrdp1 'preferentially' promotes TLR-mediated production of type I interferon

(2009) Chen Wang et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

PCBP2 mediates degradation of the adaptor MAVS via the HECT ubiquitin ligase AIP4

(2009) Fuping You et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

An orthogonal proteomic-genomic screen identifies AIM2 as a cytoplasmic DNA sensor for the inflammasome

(2009) Tilmann Bürckstümmer et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Nod1 and Nod2 direct autophagy by recruiting ATG16L1 to the plasma membrane at the site of bacterial entry

(2009) Leonardo H Travassos et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

NOD2 stimulation induces autophagy in dendritic cells influencing bacterial handling and antigen presentation

(2009) Rachel Cooney et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Functionally Active Toll-Like Receptor 3 on Human Primary and Metastatic Cancer Cells

(2009) T. Matijevic et al.   SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

HIN-200 Proteins Regulate Caspase Activation in Response to Foreign Cytoplasmic DNA

(2009) T. L. Roberts et al.   SCIENCE

The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Triad3A Negatively Regulates the RIG-I/MAVS Signaling Pathway by Targeting TRAF3 for Degradation

(2009) Peyman Nakhaei et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Malarial Hemozoin Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome through Lyn and Syk Kinases

(2009) Marina Tiemi Shio et al.   PLoS Pathogens

NOD-Like Receptors: Role in Innate Immunity and Inflammatory Disease

(2008) Grace Chen et al.   Annual Review of Pathology-Mechanisms of Disease

Shared Principles in NF-κB Signaling

(2008) Matthew S. Hayden et al.   CELL

NLRX1 is a mitochondrial NOD-like receptor that amplifies NF-κB and JNK pathways by inducing reactive oxygen species production

(2008) Ivan Tattoli et al.   EMBO REPORTS

The tumour suppressor CYLD is a negative regulator of RIG-I-mediated antiviral response

(2008) Constantin S Friedman et al.   EMBO REPORTS

Riplet/RNF135, a RING Finger Protein, Ubiquitinates RIG-I to Promote Interferon-β Induction during the Early Phase of Viral Infection

(2008) Hiroyuki Oshiumi et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Activation of toll-like receptors 2, 3, and 4 on human melanoma cells induces inflammatory factors

(2008) Y. Goto et al.   MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS

TANK-binding kinase-1 delineates innate and adaptive immune responses to DNA vaccines

(2008) Ken J. Ishii et al.   NATURE

NLRX1 is a regulator of mitochondrial antiviral immunity

(2008) Chris B. Moore et al.   NATURE

STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates innate immune signalling

(2008) Hiroki Ishikawa et al.   NATURE

TRIM30α negatively regulates TLR-mediated NF-κB activation by targeting TAB2 and TAB3 for degradation

(2008) Mude Shi et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

The E3 ligase Itch negatively regulates inflammatory signaling pathways by controlling the function of the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20

(2008) Noula Shembade et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY

Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor genes and risk of cancer

(2008) E M El-Omar et al.   ONCOGENE

Demonstration of inflammation-induced cancer and cancer immunoediting during primary tumorigenesis

(2008) J. B. Swann et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Roles of RIG-I N-terminal tandem CARD and splice variant in TRIM25-mediated antiviral signal transduction

(2008) M. U. Gack et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Are the IKKs and IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKK-ɛ similarly activated?

(2008) Tieu-Lan Chau et al.   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES